【摘要】：問(wèn)候語(yǔ)是日常禮儀的一個(gè)重要的方面。問(wèn)候不只是一種形式,更是一種溫暖的傳遞。隨著世界各地人際交往的增加,對(duì)跨文化交際的研究顯得越來(lái)越重要,其中也包括對(duì)問(wèn)候語(yǔ)的研究。問(wèn)候語(yǔ)的功能表現(xiàn)為人際的,即協(xié)調(diào)社會(huì)生活中的人際關(guān)系,建立,增進(jìn)和鞏固社會(huì)成員之間的關(guān)系。在不同的文化背景下,中西方在問(wèn)候的過(guò)程中往往會(huì)產(chǎn)生不必要的誤解與沖突。本文在關(guān)聯(lián)理論框架下對(duì)問(wèn)候語(yǔ)的跨文化交際進(jìn)行嘗試性研究,目的是證明關(guān)聯(lián)理論對(duì)問(wèn)候語(yǔ)解釋的合理性和關(guān)聯(lián)理論對(duì)問(wèn)候語(yǔ)的強(qiáng)大解釋力,以期對(duì)促進(jìn)中西方在問(wèn)候語(yǔ)方面的交際有所幫助。 關(guān)聯(lián)理論是1986年Sperber Wilson在Relevance:Communication and Cognition一書(shū)中提出的,它是和Grice的關(guān)于交際的編碼-解碼模式不同的一種明示-推理模式,他們認(rèn)為明示-推理模式是基礎(chǔ),編碼-解碼模式只是附屬于它的一種過(guò)程。運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)理論解釋跨文化交際中的問(wèn)候語(yǔ),有利于人們更加清晰地了解跨文化交際中問(wèn)候語(yǔ)成功和失敗的本質(zhì)。這種方法為問(wèn)候語(yǔ)以及其他言語(yǔ)行為,如贊揚(yáng),拒絕,稱(chēng)謂等打開(kāi)了新的研究視野。這同時(shí)也促進(jìn)關(guān)聯(lián)理論在跨文化交際領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用。這里有兩方面的原因可以說(shuō)明關(guān)聯(lián)理論是可以解釋跨文化交際的,一在于跨文化交際的誤解常來(lái)自于不同認(rèn)知環(huán)境下對(duì)暗含內(nèi)容的不恰當(dāng)理解,因此成功的跨文化交際需要大量的推理;二在于推理是關(guān)聯(lián)理論所主張的人類(lèi)交際的重要特征,因此跨文化交際的關(guān)聯(lián)闡釋是可行的。 本論文分為五部分。第一部分首先說(shuō)明該研究的背景,研究目的,研究意義,研究中遇到的一些問(wèn)題以及論文的結(jié)構(gòu)。第二部分介紹了問(wèn)候語(yǔ)的功能,分類(lèi),及其特點(diǎn),這部分介紹了問(wèn)候語(yǔ)在中國(guó)文化及西方文化中的不同表現(xiàn)及原因。第三部分從關(guān)聯(lián)理論的形成與發(fā)展,關(guān)聯(lián)理論的主要觀點(diǎn)和關(guān)聯(lián)理論的應(yīng)用等三個(gè)方面對(duì)其進(jìn)行了介紹。第四部分主要是依托關(guān)聯(lián)理論對(duì)中西問(wèn)候語(yǔ)進(jìn)行分析,這部分是本論文的重點(diǎn)所在。論文第五部分總結(jié)全文,并指出無(wú)論出于何種主流文化,中西方要充分認(rèn)識(shí)到問(wèn)候語(yǔ)在跨文化交際中的差異的存在,互相了解互相包容,才能進(jìn)行更有效的交際。最后,作者希望能通過(guò)本文幫助人們?cè)鰪?qiáng)跨文化交際的意識(shí),并提高跨文化交際能力。
[Abstract]:Greetings are an important aspect of everyday etiquette. Greeting is not only a form, but also a warm transmission. With the increase of interpersonal communication around the world, the study of cross-cultural communication has become more and more important, including the study of greeting words. The function of greeting is interpersonal, that is, to coordinate the interpersonal relationship in social life, to establish, promote and consolidate the relationship between the members of the society. In different cultural backgrounds, Chinese and western countries often have unnecessary misunderstandings and conflicts in the process of greeting. The purpose of this paper is to prove the rationality of relevance theory in the interpretation of greetings and the powerful power of relevance theory to explain greetings. In order to promote the communication between China and the West in greeting language. Relevance Theory, proposed by Sperber Wilson in Relevance:Communication and Cognition in 1986, is an ostensive-inferential model different from Grice's code-decoding model on communication. They believe that ostensive-inferential model is the basis. The encoding-decoding mode is just a process attached to it. Applying relevance theory to explain the greeting in cross-cultural communication is helpful for people to understand more clearly the essence of success and failure in cross-cultural communication. This method opens up a new research field for greeting words and other speech acts such as praise, refusal, appellation and so on. It also promotes the wide application of relevance theory in cross-cultural communication. There are two reasons why relevance theory can explain intercultural communication, one is that the misunderstanding of intercultural communication often comes from the improper understanding of implied content in different cognitive environments. Therefore, successful cross-cultural communication requires a lot of reasoning; the second is that reasoning is an important feature of human communication advocated by relevance theory, so the relevance interpretation of cross-cultural communication is feasible. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part describes the background, purpose, significance, problems and structure of the research. The second part introduces the function, classification, and characteristics of greeting, and introduces the different manifestations and reasons of greeting in Chinese culture and western culture. In the third part, the formation and development of relevance theory, the main viewpoints of relevance theory and the application of relevance theory are introduced. The fourth part is the analysis of Chinese and Western greetings based on relevance theory, which is the focus of this paper. The fifth part of the thesis summarizes the full text, and points out that no matter what the mainstream culture, China and the West should fully recognize the existence of the differences in cross-cultural communication, mutual understanding and mutual tolerance, in order to carry out more effective communication. Finally, the author hopes that this paper can help people to enhance their awareness of intercultural communication and improve their intercultural communicative competence.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H030

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