本文選題：漢字教學(xué) + “六書”�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在對外漢語教學(xué)中,漢字教學(xué)一直是個(gè)難點(diǎn)。漢字及是閱讀和寫作的基礎(chǔ),也是影響漢語學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量的重要因素之一。外國學(xué)生只有達(dá)到一定的識字量,才有可能進(jìn)行閱讀和寫作。然而許多初學(xué)漢語的外國學(xué)生認(rèn)為,漢字難認(rèn)、難讀、難寫、難記,無異于天書。如引導(dǎo)不善,極易挫傷外國學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。如何降低學(xué)習(xí)漢字的難度,減輕學(xué)生記憶負(fù)擔(dān),提高識字效率一直是人們所關(guān)心的問題。 “六書”是我國關(guān)于漢字結(jié)構(gòu)原理最早的理論,一直被文字學(xué)界奉為圭臬,歷代沿襲并逐漸成為我國識字教學(xué)的核心�！傲鶗弊钤缈茖W(xué)地揭示了漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)律,首次將隱藏與漢字內(nèi)部象形、指事、會意、形聲四種漢字結(jié)構(gòu)類型歸納出來,在漢字科學(xué)研究史上產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。現(xiàn)在我們使用的漢字,大多在先秦時(shí)已經(jīng)成熟,東漢許慎所著的《說文解字》,以“六書”為基礎(chǔ)系統(tǒng)的總結(jié)了漢字的構(gòu)造方式,其對漢字的解釋和闡述,在現(xiàn)在看來依然系統(tǒng)而完備。有了“六書”這把鑰匙,再進(jìn)入漢字世界就會發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然漢字?jǐn)?shù)量繁多,形體復(fù)雜,但卻是組織嚴(yán)密、規(guī)律性很強(qiáng)且具獨(dú)特的思維方式和深厚文化底蘊(yùn)的文字體系。 因此,我們有必要將“六書”應(yīng)用于對外漢字教學(xué),針對漢字特點(diǎn)和造字規(guī)律,吸納前人優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與成果進(jìn)行教學(xué),運(yùn)用故事講解、聯(lián)想記憶、音義結(jié)合等漢字教學(xué)方法,使外國學(xué)生更好地識記漢字的字形結(jié)構(gòu),掌握漢字音、形、義三者之間的關(guān)系,幫助他們消除學(xué)習(xí)漢字的恐懼心理,逐漸樹立自信心,從而深刻地認(rèn)識漢字的結(jié)合規(guī)律,理解文字的文化內(nèi)涵,提高漢字教學(xué)效率,為對外漢語教學(xué)提供一些事半功倍的方法與途徑,使中華民族五千年的優(yōu)秀文化得以更好的傳播。
[Abstract]:Chinese character teaching has always been a difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Chinese characters and Chinese characters are the basis of reading and writing, and also one of the important factors affecting the quality of Chinese learning. Foreign students can read and write only if they reach a certain level of literacy. However, many new foreign students believe that Chinese characters are difficult to read, difficult to write and difficult to remember. If the guidance is not good, it is easy to dampen the interest of foreign students. How to reduce the difficulty of learning Chinese characters, reduce the burden of students' memory, and improve the efficiency of literacy has always been the concern of people. The "six Books" is the earliest theory about the structure of Chinese characters in China, which has been regarded as the standard in the field of Chinese characters, and has gradually become the core of the teaching of Chinese characters. The "six Books" first scientifically revealed the structural law of Chinese characters, and for the first time summed up four types of Chinese characters' structural types: hidden and internal pictographs, signifiers, meanings, and shapes and sounds, which had an important impact on the history of scientific research of Chinese characters. At present, most of the Chinese characters we use have matured in the pre-Qin period. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen's "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", based on the "six Books", systematically summarizes the construction of Chinese characters and their interpretation and elaboration of Chinese characters. It still looks systematic and complete. With the key of "six Books", it will be found that although the number of Chinese characters is numerous and the shape is complex, it is a well-organized, highly regular, unique thinking mode and a writing system with profound cultural background. Therefore, it is necessary for us to apply "six Books" to the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries. According to the characteristics of Chinese characters and the rules of character creation, we should absorb the outstanding teaching experience and achievements of our predecessors and use stories to explain and associate memories. The combination of pronunciation and meaning can help foreign students better memorize the shape structure of Chinese characters, master the relationship among the sounds, shapes and meanings of Chinese characters, help them eliminate their fear of learning Chinese characters, and gradually build up their self-confidence. Therefore, we can deeply understand the law of the combination of Chinese characters, understand the cultural connotations of characters, improve the teaching efficiency of Chinese characters, and provide some ways and means for teaching Chinese as a foreign language with twice the result with half the effort, so that the excellent culture of the Chinese nation for five thousand years can be better spread.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195

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