本文選題：構(gòu)式 + 產(chǎn)生機(jī)制�。� 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語中有一種特殊構(gòu)式“不V白不V”，如“不要白不要”。本文在對該構(gòu)式的特征進(jìn)行考察的基礎(chǔ)上，探討該構(gòu)式產(chǎn)生的機(jī)制和動因，并且進(jìn)一步論證該構(gòu)式存在的理據(jù)性。 首先，本文運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)主義語言學(xué)的描寫方法，對這類構(gòu)式進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的考察，揭示了該構(gòu)式的各個(gè)構(gòu)件和構(gòu)式整體的句法語義特征。從該構(gòu)式的各個(gè)構(gòu)件看，該構(gòu)式中的兩個(gè)“不V”貌似同形，但其本質(zhì)是有很大的差異的。我們認(rèn)為，該構(gòu)式和一般主謂構(gòu)式有著一定的聯(lián)系。若將該構(gòu)式中的兩個(gè)“不V”分別標(biāo)記為“不V1”和“不V2”，那么句法上“不V1”充當(dāng)構(gòu)式主語，“白不V2”充當(dāng)構(gòu)式謂語；進(jìn)入該構(gòu)式的V在時(shí)體、“重疊”、受修飾等方面都有很大的限制性，都是述人的、可控的表示行為動作的動詞；語用上，“不V1”充當(dāng)話題，“白不V2”則充當(dāng)述題。該構(gòu)式表示“不做某事是徒然的”，用來表達(dá)“說話人經(jīng)過對可能發(fā)生的事件的利害關(guān)系加以權(quán)衡考慮后作出的一種選擇——應(yīng)該做某事，，因?yàn)槟軓钠渲蝎@益”這一話語功能。 其次，本文對“不V白不V”構(gòu)式的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制和動因進(jìn)行了探討，認(rèn)為該構(gòu)式的產(chǎn)生機(jī)制是壓縮與整合、話題化和謂詞指稱化，也可以說是由于一般主謂構(gòu)式的強(qiáng)大類推作用而形成的。該構(gòu)式產(chǎn)生的動因是語言的經(jīng)濟(jì)性原則和語言的象似性原則，“結(jié)構(gòu)簡化”是該構(gòu)式產(chǎn)生的最終決定力量。無標(biāo)記化有兩個(gè)策略：結(jié)構(gòu)簡化和自然匹配。本文認(rèn)為“結(jié)構(gòu)簡化”這一無標(biāo)化策略對讓步復(fù)句向“不V白不V”構(gòu)式的演變起到了決定性的作用。 最后，本文對“不V白不V”構(gòu)式與讓步復(fù)句、一般主謂構(gòu)式及“V（了）也白V”構(gòu)式進(jìn)行比較分析，找出它們之間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系。本文認(rèn)為“不V白不V”構(gòu)式承繼于讓步復(fù)句，同時(shí)受到一般主謂構(gòu)式的類推，在語義上和“V（了）也白V”相關(guān)聯(lián)。由于該構(gòu)式具有自己獨(dú)特的構(gòu)式義和語用功能，在現(xiàn)代漢語共時(shí)平面系統(tǒng)中具有無法被其他構(gòu)式所替代的作用，應(yīng)該屬于一種獨(dú)立的構(gòu)式。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, there is a special construction, such as "don't be white". Based on the investigation of the characteristics of the construction, this paper probes into the mechanism and motivation of its formation, and further demonstrates the motivation of its existence. Firstly, this paper uses the descriptive method of structuralism linguistics. In this paper, the syntactic and semantic features of each component and the whole construction of the construction are investigated in detail. From each component of the construction, the two "not V" in the construction appear to be homomorphic, but their essence is very different. We believe that the construction and the general subject-predicate constructions have a certain relationship. If the two "Vs" in the construction are marked as "not V1" and "not V2", syntactically, "not V1" serves as the subject of the construction, "white V2" acts as the predicate of the construction, and the V entering the construction is in the tense, "overlapping". Modification and other aspects are very restrictive, are human, controllable action of the verb; pragmatically, "not V 1" as a topic, "White not V 2" as a topic. The expression "it is futile not to do something" is used to express "a choice made by the speaker after weighing the interests of what might happen-that something should be done," Because of the discourse function of "benefit from it". Secondly, this paper discusses the generation mechanism and motivation of the "not V white V" construction, and concludes that the generation mechanism of the construction is compression and integration, topic and predicate referential. It can also be said that it is formed by the powerful analogies of the general subject-predicate construction. The motivation of the construction is the economic principle of language and the iconicity principle of language, and "structural simplification" is the final determinant of the formation of the construction. There are two strategies for untagging: structural simplification and natural matching. This paper holds that the non-standard strategy of "structural simplification" has played a decisive role in the evolution of concessional complex sentences into "no V white V" construction. Finally, this paper discusses the construction and concessional complex sentences of "no V white Bu V". General subject-predicate constructions and "V (I) white V" constructions are compared and analyzed to find out the differences and relations between them. This paper holds that the construction of "Bu V white Bu V" inherits from the concessional complex sentence and is subjected to the analogy of the general subject-predicate construction, which is semantically related to "V (V) also white V". Because it has its own unique construction meaning and pragmatic function, it can not be replaced by other constructions in modern Chinese synchronic plane system, so it should belong to an independent construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2006423