本文選題：回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記 + 功能　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記存在的根本原因在于語(yǔ)言的單向性,它不能多維發(fā)展。不能像畫畫一樣滿紙鋪陳,一眼便能看出它的全貌,語(yǔ)言的意義雖然可以有多重意思、多條線索或多重韻味,但它寫出來(lái)或者說(shuō)出來(lái)的語(yǔ)言形式始終還是要受到這種線性規(guī)則的制約。而回溯是使語(yǔ)言呈線性排列的重要手段�；厮菪栽捳Z(yǔ)標(biāo)記起著“路標(biāo)”的作用,是一種語(yǔ)境坐標(biāo),能夠反映出思維的路徑,所以是一類非常值得關(guān)注的語(yǔ)言要素。 回溯算法是計(jì)算機(jī)最常用和最基本的算法之一,它先將要解決的問(wèn)題劃分成幾條邏輯思路,就像一根樹干伸出一條一條的樹枝,然后從這個(gè)樹干開始一個(gè)一個(gè)地去嘗試,出現(xiàn)矛盾不能繼續(xù)運(yùn)算下去時(shí),就往回走,回到起初“樹干”的位置,換一條邏輯思路重新嘗試,這個(gè)“樹干”與“樹枝”的分叉點(diǎn)就叫“回溯點(diǎn)”�！盎厮菪栽捳Z(yǔ)標(biāo)記”好比程序設(shè)計(jì)中的“回溯點(diǎn)”,我們目的也在于通過(guò)回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記,厘清事件表達(dá)的邏輯脈絡(luò),對(duì)中文信息處理研究能夠起到一定的參考作用。 本文先對(duì)各種回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記加以分類并進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的描寫,我們把回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記分為三大類下面又分小類：一、篇章層面的回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記1.迂回含蓄模式.預(yù)設(shè)推進(jìn)模式；二、語(yǔ)用層面的回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記1.增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣型2.意識(shí)流動(dòng)型3.表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)換型；三、邏輯層面的回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記1.時(shí)間式回溯2.原因式回溯3.條件式回溯。 從功能上看,文本中的互動(dòng)產(chǎn)生于話語(yǔ)發(fā)生和理解的過(guò)程之中,文本生產(chǎn)之時(shí),作者同時(shí)也要預(yù)測(cè)讀者的期望,想象中將自己變成讀者,努力在自己的寫作意圖和接受者的期望之間取得平衡,回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記在這里便起到了角色之間轉(zhuǎn)換的過(guò)渡作用。 從文化上看,一個(gè)民族的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)是由其民族文化孕育而成的。漢民族句子如水般柔性流動(dòng)、迂回轉(zhuǎn)折隨遇而安,著重追求內(nèi)部的文氣暢通,使語(yǔ)言能夠成為作者思想流動(dòng)的鏡像,回溯性話語(yǔ)標(biāo)記的使用使這種語(yǔ)義的流動(dòng)更加連貫自然。
[Abstract]:The fundamental reason for the existence of retrospective discourse markers lies in the unidirectional nature of language.Can not be as full of paper as painting, can be seen at a glance its full picture, although the meaning of language can have more meaning, more clues or more flavor,But its written or spoken language form is still subject to this linear rule.Backtracking is an important means of making language linearly arranged.Retroactive discourse markers play the role of "road signs" and are contextual coordinates, which can reflect the path of thinking, so they are a kind of language elements that deserve our attention.The backtracking algorithm is one of the most commonly used and basic algorithms for computers. It divides the problem into logical ideas, like a tree trunk sticking out one by one, and then starting from this trunk to try one by one.When a contradiction cannot continue to be calculated, it goes back to its original "trunk" position, and retries its logical thinking. The bifurcation point between "trunk" and "branch" is called "backtracking point"."retrospective discourse markers" are like "backtracking points" in program design. We also aim to clarify the logical context of event expression through retrospective discourse markers, which can play a certain reference role in the study of Chinese information processing.This paper classifies and describes all kinds of retroactive discourse markers in detail. We divide them into three main categories and then subdivide them into three categories: first, retrospective discourse markers at the textual level (1).Circuitous implicit pattern.Presupposition advancement model; second, retroactive discourse markers at pragmatic level 1.Type 2.Conscious flow type 3.Third, retrospective discourse markers at logical level 1.Time backtracking 2.Causal backtracking 3.Conditional backtracking.From a functional point of view, the interaction in the text arises from the process of discourse occurrence and understanding. When the text is produced, the author also has to predict the expectations of the reader and imagine himself to be the reader.Trying to strike a balance between their writing intentions and the expectations of their recipients, retrospective discourse markers play a transitional role in the transition between roles.From the cultural point of view, the language characteristics of a nation are gestated by its national culture.The sentences of the Han nationality flow softly like water, and turn round and turn as they please. The emphasis is on the unblocking of the inner style of writing, so that the language can become the mirror image of the author's thought flow. The use of retroactive discourse markers makes the semantic flow more coherent and natural.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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