本文選題：失語癥　切入點：合成復合詞　出處：《江蘇師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在生成語法中,詞和短語是在語法中兩個不同的范疇下生成的,詞在詞法中生成,短語在句法中生成。而合成復合詞由于結構的特殊性,其生成過程存在爭議,主要有兩種觀點:一種是“詞匯論”,認為合成復合詞是在詞法的層面上生成的,先于句法;另一種觀點是“句法論”,認為合成復合詞是在句法的層面上生成的。目前,學界對此仍然沒有統(tǒng)一的解釋。在文獻搜集過程中尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)專門針對合成復合詞生成的實證研究。文章選取了漢語五音節(jié)的基礎復合詞、合成復合詞和與合成復合詞語義一致的“的”字短語,對比兩類失語癥患者(Broca失語、Wernicke失語)和正常對照組的言語理解和言語產出情況,考察漢語合成復合詞理解與產出的神經基礎,進而探討漢語合成復合詞的生成機制。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),在言語理解和言語產出的中,被試在合成復合詞上的作業(yè)成績差于基礎復合詞和短語;失語癥被試的表現(xiàn)在三類語料上的表現(xiàn)均差于對照組被試。在圖片命名實驗中,失語癥被試所犯的錯誤類型只有合成復合詞中動詞與賓語順序顛倒(例如:*指揮交通員)。經討論,得出如下結論:1、在本研究中,Broca失語癥被試額葉以及枕葉損傷,Wernicke失語癥顳葉以及頂葉受損,導致他們在合成復合詞與短語上的表現(xiàn)差于基礎復合詞。尤其是在言語產出實驗中,Broca失語癥被試由于額葉受損,影響了他們語音編碼的能力,因而表現(xiàn)差于Wernicke失語癥被試�；诖私Y果和相關的基礎研究,文章構建了合成復合詞的加工通路:在言語理解時,聽覺皮層接收到語音信息進行語音加工,然后分成兩條通路,一條經過顳葉的中部和后部;另一條投射到額下回,然后再投射到前運動區(qū),最后額葉中部和頂葉中部進行信息的整合。言語產出是在言語理解的基礎上,Broca區(qū)進行語音編碼,將信息傳到緣上回,再傳到中央前回,最終完成語音的產出。2、根據(jù)上述神經模型,我們可以看出合成復合詞與短語的神經基礎相似,但合成復合詞的加工相比更復雜,這可能與合成復合詞生成過程需要移位有關。
[Abstract]:In generative grammar, words and phrases are generated in two different categories in grammar, words are generated in lexical form and phrases are generated in syntax. There are two main points of view: one is "lexical theory", the other is "syntactic theory", which holds that synthetic compound words are generated at the lexical level before syntax. There is still no uniform explanation in academic circles. In the process of literature collection, there is no empirical research on the generation of compound words. This paper selects the basic compound words of Chinese five-syllable. The speech comprehension and speech output of the two types of aphasia patients (Broca aphasia / Wernicke aphasia) and the normal control group were compared. This paper investigates the neural basis of the comprehension and output of Chinese synthetic compound words, and then discusses the mechanism of the formation of Chinese synthetic compound words. The experiment finds that, in the process of speech comprehension and speech production, The performance of the aphasia subjects in the three kinds of corpus was worse than that in the control group. In the picture naming experiment, the students' performance on the composite compound was worse than that on the basic compound and the phrase, and the aphasia showed worse performance on the three kinds of corpus than in the control group. In aphasia subjects, only the verbs and objects were reversed in the order of the verb and object in the composite compound (e.g.: * directing the traffic officer. In this study, the frontal and occipital lobes were injured in Wernicke's aphasia, and the temporal and parietal lobes were damaged. In the speech production experiment, Broca aphasia affected their speech coding ability because of the damage to the frontal lobe. Based on this result and related basic research, this paper constructs a processing pathway of synthetic compound words: in speech comprehension, the auditory cortex receives speech information for speech processing, and then divides it into two pathways. One passes through the middle and posterior part of the temporal lobe; the other projects to the inferior frontal gyrus, then to the premotor area, and finally to the middle of the frontal lobe and the middle of the parietal lobe to integrate information. We can see that the neural basis of compound words is similar to that of phrases, but the processing of synthetic compound words is more complicated than that of synthetic compound words. This may be related to the need for shift in the formation of compound words.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：H146

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