本文選題：批評語篇分析　切入點：系統(tǒng)功能語法　出處：《西南大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：批評語言學作為一門新興學科,在近十幾年發(fā)展迅速。批評語言學為語篇分析提供了一個全新的分析視角,促進了批評語篇分析的誕生和發(fā)展。批評語篇分析關注語篇中含而不露的意識形態(tài)、權(quán)勢關系和偏見,探索話語和社會文化之間隱藏的控制和不平等關系,旨在揭示語言、權(quán)利和意識形態(tài)之間的關系。 系統(tǒng)功能語法的及物性系統(tǒng)在早期的批評性語篇分析著作中被視為揭示語篇中隱藏的意識形態(tài)和權(quán)勢關系的有效工具。但這些論著中的及物性分析常常局限于新聞標題或者對新聞語篇,如英漢新聞語篇的對比分析,及物性對批評語篇分析的指導作用似乎并未得到充分的探索。本文認為及物性不僅能揭示新聞語篇中的隱含的意識形態(tài)和權(quán)勢關系,同時也是揭示包括政治演講、政治文學和政治新聞的政治語篇中顯性和隱性權(quán)利關系和意識形態(tài)的有效分析工具。 本文在系統(tǒng)功能語法框架內(nèi),以Halliday的及物性系統(tǒng)為理論出發(fā)點,選取了三篇政治演講,George Orwell的三篇描寫政治和語言關系的政治文學語篇以及從China Daily和New York Times選取的關于Bin Laden死亡的報道為政治新聞,共計十個語篇為分析語料,以此自建小型語料庫。通過分析這些政治語篇中的及物性,本文試圖闡明及物性是揭示語篇中意識形態(tài)和權(quán)勢關系的工具。在此基礎上,借鑒和結(jié)合Fairclough (1992)提出的三維分析(three dimensional analysis)框架,本文建設性地構(gòu)建了“描述及物性分布特征、識解及物性表達的意義和解釋及物性為何這樣使用”的功能批評語篇分析框架的一部分,為讀者提供方法論指導。同時,本文也具有實際的教育意義,對培養(yǎng)和提高語言初學者的批評語言意識有一定的啟示。 本文包括五章。第一章為引論,主要介紹本文的研究背景,研究意義,語料收集和論文結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章是文獻綜述,在介紹批評語篇分析發(fā)展及不同研究視角后,重點回顧批評話語分析和政治語篇的相關研究。第三章介紹本文的理論基礎,主要闡述系統(tǒng)功能語法的及物性理論,并指出及物性是揭示意識形態(tài)和權(quán)勢關系的有效的理論分析工具。第四章主要是在及物性的理論框架內(nèi),對所選取的語篇進行定量和定性分析,進而說明如何運用及物性分析來揭示語篇中顯性或隱形的意識形態(tài)和權(quán)勢關系；并在借鑒和結(jié)合Fairclough (1992)三維分析的基礎上,構(gòu)擬出以及物性為理論框架的功能批評語篇分析框架。第五章為本文結(jié)論,主要包括：及物性是揭示意識形態(tài)和權(quán)勢關系的有效分析工具；提出了以及物性為理論出發(fā)點的批評語篇分析三步分析法,并指出構(gòu)建功能批評語篇分析框架的必要性；指出本文對培養(yǎng)和提高語言初學者的批評語言意識有一定的啟示。鑒于本文的不足,本章也提出了一些研究建議,以完善系統(tǒng)批評語篇分析方法,以及促進和完善政治語言學的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As a new discipline, critical linguistics has been developing rapidly in recent years. Critical linguistics provides a new perspective for discourse analysis. It promotes the birth and development of critical discourse analysis, which focuses on the hidden ideology, power and prejudice in discourse, explores the hidden control and inequality between discourse and social culture, and aims to reveal language. The relationship between power and ideology. Systematic functional grammar and transitivity systems are seen in early critical discourse analysis works as effective tools to reveal hidden ideological and power relationships in discourse. However, the analysis of transitivity in these works is often limited to. News headlines or news discourses, For example, the contrastive analysis of English and Chinese news discourses and the guidance of transitivity to critical discourse analysis do not seem to have been fully explored. This paper argues that transitivity can not only reveal the implicit ideology and power relations in news discourse. It is also an effective analytical tool to reveal the explicit and implicit power relationship and ideology in political discourse, including political speech, political literature and political news. Within the framework of systemic functional grammar, this paper takes Halliday and transitivity system as the theoretical starting point. Three political speeches and three political literary discourses describing the relationship between politics and language, and the reports on the death of Bin Laden from China Daily and New York Times were selected as political news. By analyzing the transitivity of these political discourses, this paper attempts to clarify that transitivity is a tool to reveal the relationship between ideology and power in discourse. Referring to and combining with the framework of "three dimensional analysis" proposed by Fairclough 1992, this paper constructively constructs the description and the distribution of physical properties. The meaning and explanation of comprehension and transitivity expression, and why transitivity is used in this way, is part of the framework of functional criticism discourse analysis, which provides the readers with methodological guidance. At the same time, this paper also has practical educational significance. It has some enlightenment to cultivate and improve the language consciousness of language beginners. This paper consists of five chapters. Chapter one is an introduction, which mainly introduces the research background, significance, corpus collection and structure of the thesis. Chapter two is a literature review, which introduces the development of critical discourse analysis and different perspectives of research. The third chapter introduces the theoretical basis of this thesis, including the systemic functional grammar and the transitivity theory. It is pointed out that transitivity is an effective theoretical analysis tool to reveal the relationship between ideology and power. Chapter four is mainly devoted to the quantitative and qualitative analysis of selected texts within the theoretical framework of transitivity. Then it explains how to use and analyze transitivity to reveal the explicit or invisible ideology and power relationship in discourse, and on the basis of drawing lessons from and combining with the three-dimensional analysis of Fairclough / 1992). The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper, which includes: transitivity is an effective analytical tool to reveal the relationship between ideology and power; This paper puts forward a three-step analysis method of critical discourse analysis based on transitivity and points out the necessity of constructing a functional critical discourse analysis framework. It is pointed out that this paper has some implications for the cultivation and improvement of the critical language consciousness of language beginners. In view of the shortcomings of this paper, this chapter also puts forward some research suggestions in order to perfect the method of text analysis for systematic criticism. And to promote and improve the development of political linguistics.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H052

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