與代詞“并入”相關的雙音詞的詞匯化與語法化
本文選題:代詞并入 切入點:詞匯化 出處:《上海師范大學》2012年博士論文
【摘要】:本文以代詞并入的方式形成的一類雙音詞為研究對象,主要是指示代詞并入后形成的雙音詞,同時也涉及到虛化的人稱代詞并入后形成的雙音詞。文章從語言事實出發(fā),并結合詞匯化與語法化理論,從并入的時間、并入的方式以及并入的結果這三個方面深入探討以代詞并入方式形成的雙音詞的演變過程。代詞并入后主要形成的是副詞和連詞,這些雙音副詞和連詞的演變機制和動因也是本文研究的重點。通過對這類雙音詞演變過程的描寫,以期揭示漢語代詞并入的特點和規(guī)律。 全文共分五章。 第一章緒論。這一部分說明了研究對象,闡述了選題意義以及研究的理論依據(jù),介紹并總結了目前的研究現(xiàn)狀,明確了研究思路和研究方法,并對研究語料作了說明。 第二章主要從代詞并入的時間這一視角來探尋代詞并入的情況。代詞并入的時間可分為上古時期、中古時期和近代時期。上古時期能夠并入的代詞非常少,主要是指示代詞“是”,“是”并入后形成的雙音詞“于是”。通過代詞并入的方式形成的雙音詞絕大多數(shù)是在中古時期和近代時期產(chǎn)生的。并入時間為中古時期的用例我們以“既然”的成詞加以說明,并入時間為近代時期的用例我們以“誠然”的成詞加以說明。 第三章主要從代詞并入的方式和并入后的內(nèi)部結構關系這兩個側(cè)面對代詞并入現(xiàn)象進行研究,具體而言就是從位置和內(nèi)部結構關系兩個方面著手。并入的位置可分為前置和后置兩種,以后置為主,我們分別用“然后”和“因此”的成詞加以說明。從內(nèi)部結構關系上看,可分為句法結構關系和非句法結構關系。代詞以后置的方式并入形成的雙音詞,一般都是句法結構詞匯化而來的。這類雙音詞內(nèi)部結構關系可以分為兩類:動賓結構關系和偏正結構關系。而以前置的方式并入形成的雙音詞其內(nèi)部關系大多數(shù)是非句法結構關系。這一章節(jié)我們分別以“加之”、“其實”和“然而”的成詞來說明位置和句法結構之間的關系。 第四章主要探討代詞并入后所產(chǎn)生的句法結果,,主要包括兩個方面的內(nèi)容:一方面是代詞并入后其本身的變化,即某個代詞并入后,由于指代功能的虛化和表達功能的弱化而逐漸虛化為一個詞綴。根據(jù)考察,能夠虛化為詞綴的代詞主要有“然”和“其”。另一方面是代詞并入后整個結構句法功能的變化,主要有三個層次:副詞化、連詞化和標記化。代詞并入后形成的主要是連詞和副詞,以連詞為主,其次是副詞。文章分別以連詞“否則”的成詞、副詞“尤其”的成詞以及話語標記“管他”的成詞加以說明。 第五章概括總結。在二至四章具體個案分析的基礎上,不僅較為全面了解了漢語代詞并入現(xiàn)象,并總結出漢語代詞并入的特點和規(guī)律,還探討了以代詞并入的方式形成的雙音詞的成詞動因和機制。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on a class of disyllabic words formed by the incorporation of pronouns, mainly the disyllabic words formed by the incorporation of demonstrative pronouns, and the disyllabic words formed by the incorporation of notional personal pronouns. Combined with the theory of lexicalization and grammaticalization, the evolution process of dicyllabic words formed by pronoun incorporation is discussed in depth from three aspects: the time of incorporation, the mode of incorporation and the result of incorporation. After pronoun incorporation, adverbs and conjunctions are mainly formed. The evolution mechanism and motivation of these disyllabic adverbs and conjunctions are also the focus of this paper. By describing the evolution process of these disyllabic words, we hope to reveal the characteristics and rules of Chinese pronoun incorporation. The full text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is introduction. This part explains the research object, expounds the significance of the topic and the theoretical basis of the research, introduces and summarizes the current research situation, clarifies the research ideas and research methods, and explains the research corpus. The second chapter mainly explores the situation of pronoun incorporation from the perspective of the time of pronoun incorporation. The time of pronoun incorporation can be divided into the ancient period, the middle ancient period and the modern period. The majority of dicyllabic words formed by the way of pronoun incorporation are produced in the middle and modern times. The time of incorporation is the use of the middle ancient period. Let's use the word "since" to illustrate, The incorporation of time as a use case of modern times is illustrated by the word "admittedly". The third chapter mainly studies the phenomenon of pronoun amalgamation from two aspects: the way of pronoun incorporation and the relationship between the internal structure of pronoun incorporation. Specifically speaking, it starts from the two aspects of position and internal structural relationship. The merged position can be divided into two types: preposition and postposition. We use the words "then" and "so" to explain them respectively. From the perspective of internal structural relationship, It can be divided into syntactic structure relation and non-syntactic structure relation. This kind of disyllabic words can be divided into two types: verb-object structure relation and biased structural relation. In this chapter, the relation between position and syntactic structure is explained by the words of "plus", "actually" and "however". Chapter four mainly discusses the syntactic result of pronoun merging, which includes two aspects: on the one hand, the change of pronoun itself after the pronoun merging, that is, after a pronoun is merged. Due to the deficiency of the anaphoric function and the weakening of the expressive function, it gradually becomes an affix. According to the investigation, the pronouns that can be rendered to the affix are mainly "ran" and "its". On the other hand, the syntactic function of the whole structure is changed after the pronoun is merged. There are mainly three levels: adverb, conjunctivization and tagging. After the pronoun is merged, the conjunctions and adverbs are formed, mainly conjunctions and adverbs, followed by adverbs. The words of adverb "especially" and the words of discourse marker "ignore" are explained. On the basis of specific case studies in chapters two to four, the author not only fully understands the phenomenon of Chinese pronoun incorporation, but also summarizes the characteristics and rules of Chinese pronoun incorporation. This paper also discusses the motivation and mechanism of the formation of dicyllabic words by the way of pronoun incorporation.
【學位授予單位】:上海師范大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:H146
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