中國報業(yè)集團管理體制改革研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-27 13:09
【摘要】：改革開放30多年來，中國報業(yè)系統(tǒng)的改革發(fā)展取得了巨大成就。其間，報業(yè)廣告收入就增加了500多倍，報業(yè)集團組建近百家(其中49家為國家新聞出版總署批準成立，其余為地方政府掛牌組建)。2004年國家新聞出版總署發(fā)布的((中國報業(yè)年度(2005)發(fā)展報告》明確，“以黨報集團為擴張基礎(chǔ)的8一10家大型骨干綜合性報業(yè)集團，將成為區(qū)域性乃至全國報業(yè)市場的戰(zhàn)略投資者�！笔聦嵣�，百家報業(yè)集團的營收總額已占中國報業(yè)經(jīng)濟總量的2/3強，代表了中國報業(yè)的發(fā)展方向。但我國報業(yè)集團的實力與歐美等發(fā)達國家比，依然相差甚遠。面對政治文明不斷提高，大眾生活方式快速變革，新媒體對傳統(tǒng)媒體的替代之勢銳不可擋，傳統(tǒng)媒體正面臨著生存和發(fā)展的雙重壓力。而學界和業(yè)界的共識是相對滯后的管理體制已經(jīng)成為制約中國報業(yè)發(fā)展的首要因素。因此，深化報業(yè)集團管理體制改革已經(jīng)成為中國報業(yè)發(fā)展的重要命題。 2009年，國家新聞出版總署出臺了《關(guān)于進一步推進新聞出版體制改革的指導意見》，明確了報業(yè)集團體制改革的路線圖和時間表。但具體到政府、行業(yè)以及報業(yè)集團自身如何系統(tǒng)推進改革，并形成正向合力，卻有許多問題要解決。在報業(yè)集團新一輪改革發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時刻，本研究的目的就是希望通過厘清報業(yè)集團改革中各層面存在的障疑，總結(jié)中外報業(yè)及相關(guān)領(lǐng)域體制改革經(jīng)驗，為當前處于文化體制改革中心的報業(yè)集團提供理論支持、戰(zhàn)略思維和系統(tǒng)化的解決方案。 本文循著報業(yè)集團管理體制改革現(xiàn)狀分析、改革必要性和可行性研究、問題成因探究、解決方案提出的研究思路，從理論上對中國報業(yè)集團管理體制改革所體現(xiàn)的“分類改革”、“增量改革”、“改善政府管制”、“集團化”、“社會化管理”等熱點問題進行了分析;同時從實踐上就報業(yè)集團管理體制改革現(xiàn)狀、成效進行剖析，指出目前體制改革仍存在“目標不清晰”、“動力不足”、“多方利益博弈”、“產(chǎn)權(quán)不明確”等問題。本文指出，報業(yè)集團不能簡單等同于企業(yè)集團，它是一種特殊的組織形式，實行的是“事業(yè)單位，企業(yè)化管理”。改革的主導權(quán)在政府，改革的發(fā)展權(quán)在報業(yè)自身。作為公共服務(wù)體系的一部分，政府應讓渡部分管轄權(quán);集團化運營的目的是實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)化;集團內(nèi)部的運行機制必須以現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度來構(gòu)建。 本文還采用比較研究方法，對歐美等發(fā)達國家的報業(yè)管理模式進行了分析，就其政府層面、社會機構(gòu)、內(nèi)部治理情況與中國報業(yè)進行了比較。得出基本結(jié)論:政府對媒體的管理應以柔性為主;應逐步完善與新聞傳播有關(guān)的法律法規(guī);集團化運營是趨勢和方向;鼓勵行業(yè)自律。 本文就推進我國報業(yè)集團管理改革的對策研究作了重點闡述。其中，設(shè)計了報業(yè)集團管理體制改革的目標、指導方針和基本原則。在解決方案上，提出了從優(yōu)化治理資源配置建構(gòu)良好的治理機制角度看:一方面，，必須明確政府主導者的定位;另一方面應該優(yōu)化政府職能建設(shè)，明晰報業(yè)集團產(chǎn)權(quán)，逐步放松管制，推行國有資產(chǎn)授權(quán)經(jīng)營，完善市場機制及產(chǎn)業(yè)政策。同時，在人力資源開發(fā)、戰(zhàn)略性業(yè)務(wù)拓展體系建設(shè)、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)、融資運作決策體系建設(shè)等方面建立改革的保障體系。 本文系統(tǒng)梳理了政府就報業(yè)改革出臺過的一系列方案和政策，對報業(yè)集團管理體制改革走向的基本脈象進行了有力佐證。 本研究的貢獻在于借助歐美發(fā)達國家報業(yè)集團的管理體制實踐和經(jīng)濟體制改革的經(jīng)驗，從超越政府、社會、行業(yè)組織以及報業(yè)集團的層面，綜合學界、政府主管部門以及報業(yè)改革實踐者的意見，提出了報業(yè)集團體制改革的目標是要建立起有效管理和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的體制機制，政府對報業(yè)管理應趨向柔性化，報業(yè)集團體制改革現(xiàn)階段應啟動存量政策，集團化運營是報業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的組織形態(tài)優(yōu)選，建構(gòu)報業(yè)集團內(nèi)部運行機制必須基于現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度等創(chuàng)新觀點。本文還結(jié)合報業(yè)集團管理的實際，提出了一系列具有前瞻性、實踐性和可操作性的改革對策，相信能夠為制度設(shè)計者，改革實施者以及中介服務(wù)機構(gòu)相關(guān)工作的改善提供智力支持。
[Abstract]:During the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the reform and development of the Chinese newspaper industry has made great achievements. During the period, the newspaper advertising revenue increased by more than 500 times, the newspaper group formed nearly 100 (49 of them approved by the State Press and publication administration, and the rest was established by local government), published by the national press and Publication Administration (China press year).2004 Degree (2005) development report clearly, "8 one large backbone comprehensive newspaper group with the party newspaper group as the base of expansion will become a strategic investor in the regional and national newspaper market." in fact, the total revenue of the newspaper group has already accounted for the 2/3 of China's newspaper economy, which represents the direction of China's newspaper industry. The strength of the national press group is still far from that of the developed countries such as the European and American countries. In the face of the rising political civilization, the rapid transformation of the mass life style, the new media's substitution of traditional media is unstoppable, the traditional media is facing the double pressure of survival and development, and the consensus of the academia and the industry is a relatively lagging management system. It has become the primary factor that restricts the development of China's newspaper industry. Therefore, deepening the reform of newspaper group management system has become an important proposition for the development of China's newspaper industry.
In 2009, the State Press and Publication Administration issued a guiding opinion on further promoting the reform of the press and publishing system. It clarified the road map and timetable for the reform of the newspaper group system. However, it was specific to the government, the industry and the press group itself to promote the reform and form a positive joint force, but there were many problems to be solved. At the critical moment of the new round of reform and development, the purpose of this study is to sum up the obstacles in the various levels of the reform of the newspaper group and summarize the experience of the reform of the Chinese and foreign newspapers and related fields, and provide a theoretical support, a strategic thinking and a systematic solution for the newspaper group at the center of the cultural system reform.
This article follows the analysis of the present situation of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group, the necessity and feasibility study of the reform, the exploration of the cause of the problem, the research ideas of the solution, and the "classified reform", "the incremental reform", "the improvement of the government control", the "collectivization" and the "socialized management" of the reform of the management system of the Chinese newspaper industry group. At the same time, the paper analyzes the current situation of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group and the results, and points out that the current system reform still has some problems, such as "the target is not clear", "the power is insufficient", "the multi interests game" and the "property right is not clear". Group, it is a special form of organization, the implementation of the "enterprise, enterprise management". The dominant power of the reform is in the government, the right to development of the reform is in the press itself. As part of the public service system, the government should give way to partial jurisdiction; the purpose of the group operation is to realize industrialization; the internal operation mechanism of the group must be present. Build the system of enterprise.
This paper also uses comparative research methods to analyze the management mode of newspaper industry in developed countries such as Europe and America, and compares the government level, social institutions and internal governance with the Chinese newspaper industry. The basic conclusion is that the government should be flexible in the management of the media, and should gradually improve the laws and regulations related to the news dissemination; Operation is the trend and direction; encourage industry self-discipline.
This paper focuses on the research on the countermeasures to promote the reform of the management system of the newspaper industry group in China. The objectives, guidelines and basic principles of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group are designed. On the solution, a good governance mechanism from the optimization of the allocation of resources is proposed. On the one hand, it is necessary to make clear the decision of the government leader. On the other hand, we should optimize the construction of government functions, clarify the property rights of the newspaper group, gradually deregulate, carry out the authorized management of state-owned assets, perfect the market mechanism and industrial policies. At the same time, we should set up the reform in the development of human resources, the construction of strategic business development system, the construction of product innovation system, the construction of the decision-making system of financing operation and so on. The guarantee system.
This paper systematically combs a series of plans and policies issued by the government on the reform of the newspaper industry, and gives a strong evidence of the basic pulse of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group.
The contribution of this study lies in the experience of the management system and the reform of the economic system in the newspaper group of the developed countries in Europe and the United States. From the level of the government, the society, the industry organization and the newspaper group, the views of the comprehensive academics, the government departments and the reform practitioners of the newspaper industry, the objective of the reform of the newspaper group system is to be set up. In order to effectively manage and coordinate the development of the system mechanism, the government should tend to be flexible in the management of the newspaper industry. The reform of the newspaper group system should start the stock policy at the present stage. The group operation is the optimization of the organization form of the newspaper industry, and the internal operating mechanism of the newspaper group must be based on the present generation enterprise system and so on. The practice of group management has proposed a series of forward-looking, practical and operational reform countermeasures, which are believed to provide intellectual support for the improvement of the work of the institutional designers, the reform implementers and the intermediary services.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：G219.2-F
[Abstract]:During the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the reform and development of the Chinese newspaper industry has made great achievements. During the period, the newspaper advertising revenue increased by more than 500 times, the newspaper group formed nearly 100 (49 of them approved by the State Press and publication administration, and the rest was established by local government), published by the national press and Publication Administration (China press year).2004 Degree (2005) development report clearly, "8 one large backbone comprehensive newspaper group with the party newspaper group as the base of expansion will become a strategic investor in the regional and national newspaper market." in fact, the total revenue of the newspaper group has already accounted for the 2/3 of China's newspaper economy, which represents the direction of China's newspaper industry. The strength of the national press group is still far from that of the developed countries such as the European and American countries. In the face of the rising political civilization, the rapid transformation of the mass life style, the new media's substitution of traditional media is unstoppable, the traditional media is facing the double pressure of survival and development, and the consensus of the academia and the industry is a relatively lagging management system. It has become the primary factor that restricts the development of China's newspaper industry. Therefore, deepening the reform of newspaper group management system has become an important proposition for the development of China's newspaper industry.
In 2009, the State Press and Publication Administration issued a guiding opinion on further promoting the reform of the press and publishing system. It clarified the road map and timetable for the reform of the newspaper group system. However, it was specific to the government, the industry and the press group itself to promote the reform and form a positive joint force, but there were many problems to be solved. At the critical moment of the new round of reform and development, the purpose of this study is to sum up the obstacles in the various levels of the reform of the newspaper group and summarize the experience of the reform of the Chinese and foreign newspapers and related fields, and provide a theoretical support, a strategic thinking and a systematic solution for the newspaper group at the center of the cultural system reform.
This article follows the analysis of the present situation of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group, the necessity and feasibility study of the reform, the exploration of the cause of the problem, the research ideas of the solution, and the "classified reform", "the incremental reform", "the improvement of the government control", the "collectivization" and the "socialized management" of the reform of the management system of the Chinese newspaper industry group. At the same time, the paper analyzes the current situation of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group and the results, and points out that the current system reform still has some problems, such as "the target is not clear", "the power is insufficient", "the multi interests game" and the "property right is not clear". Group, it is a special form of organization, the implementation of the "enterprise, enterprise management". The dominant power of the reform is in the government, the right to development of the reform is in the press itself. As part of the public service system, the government should give way to partial jurisdiction; the purpose of the group operation is to realize industrialization; the internal operation mechanism of the group must be present. Build the system of enterprise.
This paper also uses comparative research methods to analyze the management mode of newspaper industry in developed countries such as Europe and America, and compares the government level, social institutions and internal governance with the Chinese newspaper industry. The basic conclusion is that the government should be flexible in the management of the media, and should gradually improve the laws and regulations related to the news dissemination; Operation is the trend and direction; encourage industry self-discipline.
This paper focuses on the research on the countermeasures to promote the reform of the management system of the newspaper industry group in China. The objectives, guidelines and basic principles of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group are designed. On the solution, a good governance mechanism from the optimization of the allocation of resources is proposed. On the one hand, it is necessary to make clear the decision of the government leader. On the other hand, we should optimize the construction of government functions, clarify the property rights of the newspaper group, gradually deregulate, carry out the authorized management of state-owned assets, perfect the market mechanism and industrial policies. At the same time, we should set up the reform in the development of human resources, the construction of strategic business development system, the construction of product innovation system, the construction of the decision-making system of financing operation and so on. The guarantee system.
This paper systematically combs a series of plans and policies issued by the government on the reform of the newspaper industry, and gives a strong evidence of the basic pulse of the reform of the management system of the newspaper group.
The contribution of this study lies in the experience of the management system and the reform of the economic system in the newspaper group of the developed countries in Europe and the United States. From the level of the government, the society, the industry organization and the newspaper group, the views of the comprehensive academics, the government departments and the reform practitioners of the newspaper industry, the objective of the reform of the newspaper group system is to be set up. In order to effectively manage and coordinate the development of the system mechanism, the government should tend to be flexible in the management of the newspaper industry. The reform of the newspaper group system should start the stock policy at the present stage. The group operation is the optimization of the organization form of the newspaper industry, and the internal operating mechanism of the newspaper group must be based on the present generation enterprise system and so on. The practice of group management has proposed a series of forward-looking, practical and operational reform countermeasures, which are believed to provide intellectual support for the improvement of the work of the institutional designers, the reform implementers and the intermediary services.
【學位授予單位】：南京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：G219.2-F
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