本文選題：奶業(yè) + 結構�。� 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 奶業(yè)是一個由奶牛養(yǎng)殖戶、原料奶的收購者、乳制品加工企業(yè)、乳品消費者、政府和行業(yè)協(xié)會等要素構成的一個有機系統(tǒng),彼此之間存在著非常密切的經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系,但作為獨立的經(jīng)營主體又存在著一定的利益沖突。 本研究以產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論、信息經(jīng)濟學、新制度經(jīng)濟學、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈等相關理論為基礎,運用產(chǎn)業(yè)組織分析方法(結構——行為——績效的SCP分析范式)、計量經(jīng)濟學、博弈論和問卷調查方法等研究手段,圍繞原料奶生產(chǎn)、乳品制造和乳品消費這三個主要環(huán)節(jié),對新疆奶業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行了客觀描述,對原料奶生產(chǎn)結構、乳品制造業(yè)市場結構、乳品消費結構及其各自的運行績效進行了系統(tǒng)分析,對影響績效的主要因素進行了分析評價,對乳品制造業(yè)市場行為、乳制品消費者行為,特別是乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈縱向組織關系和各利益主體之間的競爭行為進行了深入研究,力求準確揭示新疆奶業(yè)發(fā)展的內在規(guī)律和發(fā)展趨勢,提出規(guī)制各利益主體行為的有效途徑,探索促進新疆奶業(yè)發(fā)展的相關建議,推動新疆奶業(yè)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。本研究的主要結論如下: (1)新疆是我國主要的原料奶生產(chǎn)基地,具有奶牛養(yǎng)殖的比較成本優(yōu)勢。原料奶生產(chǎn)的主要模式是農(nóng)戶散養(yǎng),奶牛單產(chǎn)低于全國平均水平,而良種奶牛比例較低是影響奶牛單產(chǎn)水平最主要的因素;奶牛飼養(yǎng)在地理分布上的非均衡性導致了原料奶生產(chǎn)和乳品加工企業(yè)布局的區(qū)域不平衡性。 (2)新疆乳品制造業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度偏低,總體剛剛越過競爭型的市場結構,但在局部市場呈現(xiàn)一兩家企業(yè)為主導的寡占型市場結構。隨著奶源、規(guī)模經(jīng)濟效應等壁壘的存在,行業(yè)的進入壁壘正在逐漸提高,新企業(yè)進入將會越來越困難。 (3)市場結構和產(chǎn)權結構的共同作用,推動新疆乳品制造業(yè)經(jīng)營業(yè)績的提高。市場集中度比銷售增長率對績效的影響更大,但乳品制造業(yè)的盈利能力低于全部工業(yè)行業(yè)的平均水平;乳制品行業(yè)仍以外延型的擴大企業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模為主,產(chǎn)品同質化現(xiàn)象嚴重;新疆乳制品企業(yè)的技術效率明顯低于全國水平。 (4)目前,新疆乳制品企業(yè)的技術創(chuàng)新能力還不強。企業(yè)更多是將注意力放在消費者品牌忠誠的培育和市場份額的爭奪上;價格競爭和廣告、并購等非價格競爭行為加快了乳制品行業(yè)的優(yōu)勝劣汰,有利于形成以寡頭為主導、大中小企業(yè)共生的相對穩(wěn)定的新的產(chǎn)業(yè)組織結構。 (5)新疆具有乳制品消費的傳統(tǒng)習慣,但總體消費水平還不高。城鄉(xiāng)之間、南北疆之間消費還不平衡;消費者選購乳制品有明顯的消費傾向,不同性別、年齡、民族、職業(yè)和文化程度的消費者其乳制品消費行為存在一定差異;收入水平和消費習慣是影響乳制品消費最主要和最直接的因素。 (6)新疆在奶業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展中主要出現(xiàn)了龍頭企業(yè)帶動型、中介組織聯(lián)動型、龍頭企業(yè)帶動的準合作社一體化型和完全一體化型等四種縱向組織關系模式。目前,分散飼養(yǎng)、分散擠奶、奶站集中收購牛奶是新疆原料奶生產(chǎn)的主要方式,多數(shù)乳制品加工企業(yè)采用兩種以上的混合型奶源供應模式,奶源供應還不穩(wěn)定。 (7)合作社一體化是乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈演進發(fā)展的理想模式。從制度設計角度分析,建立“合作社參股的企業(yè)+奶農(nóng)合作社+農(nóng)戶”的縱向組織關系,逐步走向合作社一體化的縱向組織關系是最優(yōu)的乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈縱向組織模式;從制度演化進程來看,應當加快改造傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)戶散養(yǎng)模式,大力發(fā)展公司+規(guī)�；翀瞿Ｊ�,鼓勵并提倡發(fā)展合作社一體化和農(nóng)工商綜合體這一理想模式。
[Abstract]:Dairy industry is an organic system composed of dairy farmers, raw milk purchasers, dairy products processing enterprises, dairy consumers, government and industry associations. There is a very close economic relationship between each other, but there is a certain conflict of interest as an independent operating subject.
Based on the theories of industrial organization theory, information economics, new institutional economics and industrial chain, this paper uses industrial organization analysis method (structure behavior - Performance SCP analysis paradigm), econometrics, game theory and questionnaire survey methods, around raw milk production, dairy production and dairy consumption, three The main link is to make an objective description of the development status of Xinjiang milk industry. The production structure of raw milk, the market structure of dairy manufacturing industry, the consumption structure of dairy products and their respective operating performance are systematically analyzed. The main factors affecting the performance are analyzed and evaluated, the market behavior of dairy industry, the behavior of dairy products consumers, and the behavior of dairy products are specially analyzed. Not only the longitudinal organization relationship of dairy industry chain and the competitive behavior between the various interests of the main body has been studied in depth, so as to accurately reveal the inherent law and development trend of the development of Xinjiang milk industry, put forward the effective ways to regulate the behavior of various stakeholders, explore the relevant suggestions to promote the development of Xinjiang milk industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy hair of the dairy industry in Xinjiang. Show. The main conclusions of this study are as follows:
(1) Xinjiang is the main raw milk production base in China. It has the comparative cost advantage of dairy farming. The main mode of raw milk production is the farmers' dispersion, the single production of dairy cows is lower than the national average, and the low proportion of the good kind of cows is the most important factor affecting the single production level of the dairy cows; the unbalanced distribution of dairy cows in the geographical distribution leads to the disequilibrium of the dairy cows. Production of raw milk and dairy processing enterprises in the layout of the regional imbalance.
(2) the industrial concentration of Xinjiang dairy manufacturing industry is low, and the overall market structure has just crossed the competitive market structure, but in the local market, there is a two enterprise oriented oligopoly market structure. With the existence of milk source, scale economic effect and other barriers, the barriers to entry of the industry are increasing gradually, and the entry of new enterprises will become more and more difficult.
(3) the joint effect of market structure and property right structure promotes the improvement of the operating performance of Xinjiang dairy manufacturing industry. The market concentration has a greater impact on performance than the growth rate of sales, but the profitability of the dairy industry is lower than the average level of all industrial industries; the production scale of the dairy industry is still an extended enterprise, and the product is the same. The qualitative phenomenon is serious; the technical efficiency of dairy enterprises in Xinjiang is significantly lower than the national level.
(4) at present, the technological innovation ability of Xinjiang dairy enterprises is not strong. More attention is paid to the cultivation of consumer brand loyalty and the competition for market share; price competition and advertising, mergers and acquisitions and other non price competition behaviors have accelerated the survival of the dairy industry, which is conducive to the formation of oligarchy as the dominant and large and medium enterprises. The relative stability of the new industrial organization structure.
(5) Xinjiang has the traditional habits of dairy consumption, but the overall consumption level is not high. The consumption between the urban and rural areas is not balanced; the consumer purchase of dairy products has obvious tendency of consumption. There are certain differences in the consumer behavior of dairy products of different sex, age, ethnic, professional and cultural level; income level and consumption. Influence of dairy consumption habits are the most important and most direct factors.
(6) in the development of dairy industry in Xinjiang, there are four main types of longitudinal organizational relations, leading enterprise driving type, intermediary organization linkage, leading enterprise driven quasi cooperative integration and complete integration. At present, the main mode of Xinjiang raw milk production is the main mode of raw milk production in Xinjiang. Dairy processing enterprises with mixed milk supply mode of more than two, milk supply is not stable.
(7) the integration of cooperatives is an ideal model for the evolution and development of the dairy industry chain. From the perspective of institutional design, the vertical organizational relationship of "cooperatives participating in shares of enterprises + farmers cooperatives + farmers" is established, and the vertical organizational relationship of cooperative integration is the optimal vertical organization model of dairy industry chain; from the process of institutional evolution In view of this, we should accelerate the transformation of the traditional pattern of farmers' scattered breeding, vigorously develop the model of the company + large-scale pasture, and encourage and encourage the development of the ideal model of the integration of cooperatives and the agricultural and commercial complex.
【學位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：F326.3;F426.82;F224

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前10條

1 何玉成;中國乳品產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2003年

2 趙劍峰;中國奶業(yè)結構—行為—績效研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2004年

3 員曉哲;中國乳業(yè)戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學;2004年

4 曹f，

本文編號：2043352