好萊塢電影中的中國(guó)元素重估
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-01 16:12
【摘要】：美國(guó)好萊塢電影作為世界電影主流的代表,長(zhǎng)期雄踞全球電影市場(chǎng)之首,在全球范圍內(nèi)具有強(qiáng)勢(shì)的傳播力度和傳播優(yōu)勢(shì)。從好萊塢電影輸入中國(guó)開(kāi)始,豐富、獨(dú)特的中國(guó)文化就始終是好萊塢“想象東方”不可或缺的要素。百年以來(lái),隨著中美兩國(guó)關(guān)系的起伏變化,好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)文化做出了各種用意的闡釋和描述。本文將好萊塢電影與中國(guó)元素的關(guān)系放在動(dòng)態(tài)的歷史發(fā)展脈絡(luò)中做梳理和評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)好萊塢電影的特征和優(yōu)勢(shì)進(jìn)行了深入分析。好萊塢電影作為成熟的文化產(chǎn)業(yè),體現(xiàn)出其本質(zhì)性的商業(yè)邏輯,同時(shí)也代表與象征著美國(guó)精神和美國(guó)文化。中國(guó)有著悠久的歷史和豐富的文化資源,這些對(duì)好萊塢電影創(chuàng)作有極大的吸引力。中國(guó)元素代表著一種文化交流的符號(hào),好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的使用與傳播將有利于異質(zhì)文化之間的交流與溝通,促進(jìn)異質(zhì)文化共同進(jìn)步與發(fā)展。這種異質(zhì)文化之間的交流與溝通,可使一國(guó)從異國(guó)所塑造的本國(guó)形象中更好的認(rèn)識(shí)自己、發(fā)現(xiàn)自己,這種認(rèn)識(shí)和發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的過(guò)程將有利于對(duì)自己進(jìn)行更好的定位與發(fā)展。本文從縱向上梳理了好萊塢電影在中國(guó)的傳播境況,以及好萊塢電影運(yùn)用中國(guó)元素的歷史考察,通過(guò)史的梳理,廓清了好萊塢電影與中國(guó)文化的關(guān)系,嘗試說(shuō)明中美起伏變化的關(guān)系直接影響著好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的運(yùn)用,使得好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的運(yùn)用具有階段性特征,其使用意圖也是復(fù)雜的和不斷演變的。以歷史的眼光觀照,好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的使用體現(xiàn)出類型上的轉(zhuǎn)換與流變,具體表現(xiàn)為：從善于對(duì)物質(zhì)性的中國(guó)元素進(jìn)行靜止的、穩(wěn)定的運(yùn)用,轉(zhuǎn)變成逐漸關(guān)注中國(guó)文化的豐富性,從之前生硬的符號(hào)拼貼,到選擇一些蘊(yùn)含文化深意的元素進(jìn)行表現(xiàn)。無(wú)論好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的使用表現(xiàn)為何種類型,其中都包含著內(nèi)在的使用意圖與邏輯植入。對(duì)此的分析集中在文化審美、政治意識(shí)形態(tài)與商業(yè)意圖的視域之下,但如果對(duì)好萊塢電影使用中國(guó)元素的意圖進(jìn)行更為與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的反思與重估,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有更為復(fù)雜的內(nèi)在邏輯與現(xiàn)實(shí)表征：任何一種單一意圖都無(wú)法概括好萊塢使用中國(guó)元素的全部動(dòng)機(jī)。好萊塢使用中國(guó)元素的文化的審美意圖、政治意識(shí)形態(tài)的意圖、商業(yè)意圖往往是交叉相伴的,最終的效果還取決于多方力量與接受終端的多元理解。但在種種使用意圖與力量結(jié)構(gòu)中,商業(yè)邏輯始終占據(jù)主流與核心的地位。好萊塢電影使用中國(guó)元素的意圖與其最終實(shí)現(xiàn)的跨文化全球傳播的效果是否能達(dá)成一致,這個(gè)問(wèn)題還需有長(zhǎng)期的文化觀察、建設(shè)和警覺(jué)。好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的使用,長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的普遍認(rèn)識(shí)是一種變相的“文化殖民”或者“文化侵略”,中國(guó)文化會(huì)在這種“文化殖民”或者“文化侵略”的境遇中遭到誤解、誤讀,淪為西方文化主體觀照下的“客體”和“他者”。針對(duì)這種認(rèn)識(shí),本文重估了好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素傳播的文化意義,在文化傳播的視角考察下認(rèn)為,好萊塢對(duì)中國(guó)元素的使用實(shí)現(xiàn)了中國(guó)文化的“被傳播”,這客觀上使中國(guó)文化的某些突出元素借助好萊塢創(chuàng)造的影像獲得了全球性的認(rèn)知,促進(jìn)了中國(guó)文化的全球傳播。研究好萊塢電影對(duì)中國(guó)元素的使用,重估其內(nèi)在邏輯與文化意義,更重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)指向是希望能夠?qū)χ袊?guó)電影發(fā)展以及中國(guó)文化的自覺(jué)傳播做出新的啟發(fā)。好萊塢電影在當(dāng)下的電影市場(chǎng)具有強(qiáng)勢(shì)的傳播能力,是我們進(jìn)行文化傳播可以借助的途徑,而中國(guó)獨(dú)特、豐富的文化資源,以及中國(guó)電影市場(chǎng)的廣闊潛力,也必將是好萊塢電影所需要的,因此,借助于好萊塢電影,中西方文化可以進(jìn)行很好的合作與交流。中國(guó)電影需要有選擇地接受好萊塢,運(yùn)用好萊塢先進(jìn)的電影理念、電影制作機(jī)制、創(chuàng)作方法,加強(qiáng)自身的文化自覺(jué)性,能動(dòng)地傳播豐富的中國(guó)元素和深刻、有魅力的中國(guó)文化,創(chuàng)作真正具有中國(guó)特色和市場(chǎng)效應(yīng)的電影作品。
[Abstract]:As a representative of the mainstream of the world's film, the Hollywood film of the United States has long been the head of the global film market, and has a strong spreading strength and a spreading advantage over the world. From the Hollywood film to China, rich and unique Chinese culture is always an essential element of Hollywood's "Imagination of the East". In the past hundred years, with the change of the relationship between China and the United States, the Hollywood film has made various attempts to explain and describe the Chinese culture. In this paper, the relationship between the Hollywood film and the Chinese element is put into the dynamic historical development, and the characteristics and advantages of the Hollywood film are analyzed in depth. The Hollywood film, as a mature cultural industry, reflects its own business logic, and also represents the American spirit and the American culture. China has a long history and rich cultural resources, which are of great appeal to the Hollywood film creation. Chinese elements represent a symbol of cultural exchange, and the use and dissemination of Chinese elements in Hollywood films will be conducive to the exchange and communication between foreign cultures, and to promote the common progress and development of foreign cultures. The communication and communication between this kind of foreign culture can make a country better know oneself from the national image of the foreign country, and find itself, this kind of cognition and the process of finding oneself will be conducive to the better positioning and development of oneself. This paper, in the longitudinal direction, combed the propagation situation of Hollywood films in China, and the historical investigation of the use of Chinese elements in the Hollywood films, and the relationship between the Hollywood films and the Chinese culture was clarified through the history of the history. The attempt to show that the relationship between the change of the Chinese and the United States directly influences the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, so that the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements has a phased character, and the use intention is also complex and evolving. In the light of the historical view, the use of the Hollywood film on Chinese elements reflects the conversion and the change of the type, which is embodied as follows: from the static and stable application of the Chinese elements that are good at the material quality, it is transformed into the richness of the Chinese culture. Collage from a previous hard symbol to a selection of elements that contain a sense of culture. Regardless of the type of the Hollywood film's use of Chinese elements, it contains the intrinsic use intent and logic implantation. The analysis of this is concentrated in the visual field of cultural aesthetics, political ideology and business intention, but if the intention of using Chinese elements in the Hollywood film is more advanced and revalued, it will be found that there are more complex intrinsic logic and realistic representation: Any single intention could not outline all the motives of Hollywood's use of Chinese elements. The aesthetic intention of the Chinese element in Hollywood, the intention of the political ideology, the commercial intention are often crossed, and the final result depends on the multi-party power and the multi-understanding of the receiving terminal. But in all kinds of use intention and strength structure, the business logic always occupies the position of the mainstream and the core. The question of whether the Hollywood film's intention to use Chinese elements and the effects of the final cross-cultural global spread can be agreed, and that the issue requires long-term cultural observation, construction and vigilance. The use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films has long been widely recognized as a disguised "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression". Chinese culture is misinterpreted and misread in the situation of such "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression", and is reduced to the "object" and "other person" of the subject of western culture. In the light of this understanding, this paper reevaluates the cultural significance of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, and in the view of the cultural communication, it is considered that the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood has realized the "is disseminated" of Chinese culture. This objectively makes some of the prominent elements of Chinese culture gain global recognition by means of the images created by Hollywood, and promotes the global spread of Chinese culture. The study of the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films, revaluing its logic and cultural significance, and more importantly, is to be able to make a new inspiration to the development of Chinese film and the self-consciousness of Chinese culture. The Hollywood film has a strong communication ability in the current film market, which is the way we can make a culture transmission, and China's unique and rich cultural resources, as well as the vast potential of the Chinese film market, will certainly be required by the Hollywood film, so, With the help of the Hollywood film, the Chinese and Western culture can be well cooperated and exchanged. China's films need to be selectively accepted by Hollywood, using Hollywood's advanced film concepts, film-making mechanisms, creative methods, strengthening their own cultural awareness, actively spreading rich Chinese elements and deep and attractive Chinese culture, The creation of a film with Chinese characteristics and market effects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：J905
，
本文編號(hào)：2490405
[Abstract]:As a representative of the mainstream of the world's film, the Hollywood film of the United States has long been the head of the global film market, and has a strong spreading strength and a spreading advantage over the world. From the Hollywood film to China, rich and unique Chinese culture is always an essential element of Hollywood's "Imagination of the East". In the past hundred years, with the change of the relationship between China and the United States, the Hollywood film has made various attempts to explain and describe the Chinese culture. In this paper, the relationship between the Hollywood film and the Chinese element is put into the dynamic historical development, and the characteristics and advantages of the Hollywood film are analyzed in depth. The Hollywood film, as a mature cultural industry, reflects its own business logic, and also represents the American spirit and the American culture. China has a long history and rich cultural resources, which are of great appeal to the Hollywood film creation. Chinese elements represent a symbol of cultural exchange, and the use and dissemination of Chinese elements in Hollywood films will be conducive to the exchange and communication between foreign cultures, and to promote the common progress and development of foreign cultures. The communication and communication between this kind of foreign culture can make a country better know oneself from the national image of the foreign country, and find itself, this kind of cognition and the process of finding oneself will be conducive to the better positioning and development of oneself. This paper, in the longitudinal direction, combed the propagation situation of Hollywood films in China, and the historical investigation of the use of Chinese elements in the Hollywood films, and the relationship between the Hollywood films and the Chinese culture was clarified through the history of the history. The attempt to show that the relationship between the change of the Chinese and the United States directly influences the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, so that the application of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements has a phased character, and the use intention is also complex and evolving. In the light of the historical view, the use of the Hollywood film on Chinese elements reflects the conversion and the change of the type, which is embodied as follows: from the static and stable application of the Chinese elements that are good at the material quality, it is transformed into the richness of the Chinese culture. Collage from a previous hard symbol to a selection of elements that contain a sense of culture. Regardless of the type of the Hollywood film's use of Chinese elements, it contains the intrinsic use intent and logic implantation. The analysis of this is concentrated in the visual field of cultural aesthetics, political ideology and business intention, but if the intention of using Chinese elements in the Hollywood film is more advanced and revalued, it will be found that there are more complex intrinsic logic and realistic representation: Any single intention could not outline all the motives of Hollywood's use of Chinese elements. The aesthetic intention of the Chinese element in Hollywood, the intention of the political ideology, the commercial intention are often crossed, and the final result depends on the multi-party power and the multi-understanding of the receiving terminal. But in all kinds of use intention and strength structure, the business logic always occupies the position of the mainstream and the core. The question of whether the Hollywood film's intention to use Chinese elements and the effects of the final cross-cultural global spread can be agreed, and that the issue requires long-term cultural observation, construction and vigilance. The use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films has long been widely recognized as a disguised "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression". Chinese culture is misinterpreted and misread in the situation of such "cultural colonization" or "cultural aggression", and is reduced to the "object" and "other person" of the subject of western culture. In the light of this understanding, this paper reevaluates the cultural significance of the Hollywood film to the Chinese elements, and in the view of the cultural communication, it is considered that the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood has realized the "is disseminated" of Chinese culture. This objectively makes some of the prominent elements of Chinese culture gain global recognition by means of the images created by Hollywood, and promotes the global spread of Chinese culture. The study of the use of Chinese elements in Hollywood films, revaluing its logic and cultural significance, and more importantly, is to be able to make a new inspiration to the development of Chinese film and the self-consciousness of Chinese culture. The Hollywood film has a strong communication ability in the current film market, which is the way we can make a culture transmission, and China's unique and rich cultural resources, as well as the vast potential of the Chinese film market, will certainly be required by the Hollywood film, so, With the help of the Hollywood film, the Chinese and Western culture can be well cooperated and exchanged. China's films need to be selectively accepted by Hollywood, using Hollywood's advanced film concepts, film-making mechanisms, creative methods, strengthening their own cultural awareness, actively spreading rich Chinese elements and deep and attractive Chinese culture, The creation of a film with Chinese characteristics and market effects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：J905
，
本文編號(hào)：2490405
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