叛亂是有組織的運(yùn)動(dòng)，旨在通過顛覆和武裝沖突來推翻政府。這是一個(gè)曠日持久的政治軍事斗爭(zhēng)，旨在削弱政府控制，同時(shí)增加叛軍控制的合法性。政治斗爭(zhēng)是叛亂的主要問題。它是無法通過常規(guī)手段達(dá)到自己的政治軍事目標(biāo)的群體采取的策略。

叛亂的特點(diǎn)是長(zhǎng)期的和非對(duì)稱的暴力，占據(jù)有利地形（叢林，山地，市區(qū)），再加上大量使用心理戰(zhàn)并動(dòng)員群眾，一切旨在保護(hù)叛亂分子，最終通過他們的努力改變權(quán)力。叛亂分子可能企圖奪取政權(quán)，取代現(xiàn)有的政府（革命的叛亂），也可能有更多的目標(biāo)，如自主性，或某項(xiàng)政策的改變。

他們避免對(duì)抗在他們薄弱的領(lǐng)域，例如常規(guī)軍事能力，他們做的更多的是心理和政治工作。叛軍盡量推遲自己的行動(dòng)，避免失敗，維持并且擴(kuò)大他們的支持力度，并希望隨著時(shí)間的推移，政治權(quán)力的平衡對(duì)他們有利的方向變化。

1.An insurgency is organized movement aimed at the overthrow of a constituted government through use of subversion and armed conflict. It is a protracted politico military struggle designed to weaken government control and legitimacy while increasing insurgent control. Political struggle is the main issue in an insurgency. It is a strategy adopted by groups which cannot attain their politico-military goals through conventional means .

Insurgency is characterized by protracted and asymmetric violence, which flourishes in the favorable terrain (jungles, mountains, urban areas) coupled with extensive use of psychological warfare, and mass mobilization-all designed to protect the insurgents and finally alter the balance of power in their favor. Insurgents may attempt to seize power and replace the existing government (revolutionary insurgency) or they may have more limited aims such as autonomy, or alteration of a particular policy. 

They avoid confrontation in the fields where they are weakesta，

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