Abstract:Ming and Qing Dynasty "gangster" legislation that for premeditated row Pirates "Pirates and rape" rape this behavior should robber convicted and punished, naturally reflects the legislation including premeditated rape as a violent take financialmeans this to rape Pirates "robber. "To rape for the Pirates the natural directly constitute robber" Pirates while rape "corresponding complex. This paper focuses clarify burglary and rape "," strong and rape "and" because of wins and rape "several different manifestations of crime" Pirates and rape ", and analysis of legal basis of the Ming and Qing legislation so disposed, reveal reference and inspiration for convicted and punished in the same forms of modern criminal law, put forward legislative proposals for criminal cases of rape have stolen ".
Keyword: Analysis; Pirates have rape; revelation    

 關(guān)于古代的強(qiáng)盜犯罪，從秦簡的《法律答問》和漢簡的《二年律令》中即可見于律文，至唐律時(shí)已形成系統(tǒng)完整的法律規(guī)定，宋元時(shí)期予以沿襲，明清時(shí)期在繼承的基礎(chǔ)上予以改造，從而形成本文所謂的“有奸有盜”的強(qiáng)盜立法。

一、明清律關(guān)于強(qiáng)盜犯罪的立法
  
    明律規(guī)定：“凡強(qiáng)盜己行，而不得財(cái)者,皆杖一百,流三千里。但得財(cái)者,不分首從,皆斬。若以藥迷人圖財(cái)者，罪同。若竊盜臨時(shí)有拒捕，及殺傷人者，皆斬。因盜而奸者，罪亦如之。共盜之人不曾助力，不知拒捕、殺傷人及奸情者，止依竊論。其竊盜，事主知覺，棄財(cái)逃走，事主追逐,因而拒捕者，自依罪人拒捕律科斷”。清律繼承明律，規(guī)定完全相同。
    明清律文中的“因盜而奸者，罪亦如之”的內(nèi)容表明，“因盜而奸”的行為構(gòu)成強(qiáng)盜，如是共盜犯罪之中“不曾助力，不知奸情”之人,則只是構(gòu)成竊盜。
    對于這一立法的來源，薛允升在《唐明律合編》中對唐明律進(jìn)行比較時(shí)指出：“唐律不言因盜而奸，而因竊盜過失殺傷人者，至死加役流。明律言奸罪而不言過失殺罪，彼此亦不相同”。 說明唐律中尚無“因盜而奸”的內(nèi)容。元代時(shí)開始有“因盜行奸，同強(qiáng)盜傷人，斷處死” 的立法，，明清對于“因盜而奸”在強(qiáng)盜條中明確規(guī)定：“……若竊盜臨時(shí)有拒捕,及殺傷人者,皆斬。因盜而奸者,罪亦如之”， 由此可見明清律的“因盜而奸”始于元代的“因盜行奸”，并據(jù)此改造而來。
    根據(jù)明清律整個(gè)強(qiáng)盜條的律文規(guī)定，我們可以從中析出涉及“有奸有盜” 情況下的“以奸行盜”和“因盜而奸”兩種類型。

二、“以奸行盜”三、“因盜而奸”四、明清立法的現(xiàn)代啟示



本文編號：234764