【摘要】：近年來,轉(zhuǎn)基因食品在市場(chǎng)上越來越常見,且數(shù)量和品種不斷增加。由于我國(guó)大部分消費(fèi)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)缺乏科學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí),認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品可能帶來健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn),導(dǎo)致其對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的接受度不斷下降。這一現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)受到學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注,其中,已有學(xué)者對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油的消費(fèi)進(jìn)行了深入研究,但其對(duì)消費(fèi)者的樣本選擇并非隨機(jī)抽樣,導(dǎo)致支付意愿值的測(cè)算結(jié)果出現(xiàn)偏差。鑒于此,本文利用假設(shè)價(jià)值評(píng)估法設(shè)計(jì)了封閉式和開放,對(duì)北京市居民的大豆油消費(fèi)情況進(jìn)行了深入調(diào)查,并采用Heckman備擇模型測(cè)算了消費(fèi)者對(duì)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油的支付意愿,克服了樣本選擇偏差,更為準(zhǔn)確地測(cè)算了消費(fèi)者關(guān)于轉(zhuǎn)基因和非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油支付意愿的差距。在此基礎(chǔ)上,解釋了食用油市場(chǎng)上轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油"高市場(chǎng)占有率"和消費(fèi)者"低接受程度"的"消費(fèi)悖論"的形成機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明:消費(fèi)者對(duì)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油的額外支付意愿值處于1.5-2.1元區(qū)間,溢價(jià)比例7.76%-10.28%;消費(fèi)者的性別、年齡、教育程度、家庭月均收入與食品支出、非轉(zhuǎn)基因食品認(rèn)證的信任程度以及認(rèn)證信息的重視程度對(duì)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油支付意愿具有顯著影響。根據(jù)上述結(jié)論,健全轉(zhuǎn)基因食品安全信息披露制度保障公眾對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的知情權(quán);開展轉(zhuǎn)基因食品科普宣傳活動(dòng),提高公眾對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)的認(rèn)知;加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)研發(fā)和監(jiān)管;擴(kuò)大國(guó)產(chǎn)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆的種植面積,滿足消費(fèi)者對(duì)非轉(zhuǎn)基因大豆油的消費(fèi)需求等政策建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, GM food is becoming more and more common in the market, and the quantity and variety are increasing. Due to the lack of scientific understanding of GM technology in most consumers in China, GMFs may bring health risks, resulting in their acceptance of GM foods declining. This phenomenon has been widely concerned by the academic community, among which, some scholars have conducted in-depth research on the consumption of genetically modified soybean oil, but the sample selection of consumers is not random sampling, resulting in the deviation of the calculation results of willingness to pay. In view of this, this paper designs a closed and open method based on hypothetical value evaluation, and makes a deep investigation on the consumption of soybean oil in Beijing residents, and calculates the willingness of consumers to pay for non-genetically modified soybean oil by using Heckman alternative model. The difference of consumers' willingness to pay for genetically modified and non-genetically modified soybean oil was calculated more accurately by overcoming sample selection bias. On this basis, the formation mechanism of "high market share" of genetically modified soybean oil and "low acceptance degree" of consumers in edible oil market is explained. The results showed that the additional willingness of consumers to pay for non-GMO soybean oil was in the range of 1.5-2.1 yuan, with a premium ratio of 7.76 to 10.28 yuan. Gender, age, education level, average household income and food expenditure, trust in non-GM food certification and the importance of certification information had significant effects on the willingness to pay for non-GMO soybean oil. According to the above conclusions, improve the safety information disclosure system of genetically modified food to protect the public's right to know about the transgenic food, carry out propaganda activities on the popularization of science of transgenic food, improve the public's cognition of transgenic technology; To strengthen the development and supervision of agricultural transgenic technology, to expand the planting area of domestic non-GM soybean, to meet the consumer's consumption demand of non-GM soybean oil and other policy suggestions.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)人民大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)與農(nóng)村發(fā)展學(xué)院;國(guó)家糧食局科學(xué)研究院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)資助項(xiàng)目教育部科技發(fā)展中心博士點(diǎn)基金課題(20130004110001) 農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)督(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估)項(xiàng)目(2130109) 廣義虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)研究專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(GX2015-1009(Y))的資助
【分類號(hào)】：F313.7;F713.55

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