發(fā)布時間：2018-06-26 23:32

  本文選題：結(jié)果相 + 「テアル」句型��； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：雖說「テアル」句型是日語學(xué)習(xí)者在學(xué)習(xí)日語過程中必學(xué)的內(nèi)容,但是很少有人能夠完全掌握它的用法以及同「テイル」句型和「テオク」句型的異同點(diǎn)和置換條件。這是筆者寫此篇論文的初衷。本文將從語義及形態(tài)的角度對三者進(jìn)行考察,對其置換條件進(jìn)行探索�，F(xiàn)有的分析結(jié)果顯示:(1)「テアル」句型大致有被動型和能動型兩種用法。關(guān)于前者,因?yàn)閯幼髦鞑淮_定,所以從意圖的角度入手分析的話,因?yàn)閯幼鞑皇菍鼍斑M(jìn)行描述的人做的,所以被命名為被動型「テアル」。至于后者,因?yàn)槭欠莿幼髦鞯目赡苄源蟠笤黾?因此從意圖的角度入手,就被命名為能動型「テアル」。用一句話來簡述兩者的區(qū)別的話,被動型著重表達(dá)眼前有事物存在而且指出是以怎樣的形態(tài)存在著,主動型著重表現(xiàn)事情的存在而且指出事情是因?yàn)槟撤N原因而事先進(jìn)行了相關(guān)行動。(2)關(guān)于被動型「テアル」句型和「テイル」句型之間的關(guān)系,因?yàn)槎际顷P(guān)于“相”的表達(dá),所以其異同點(diǎn)被大量地探討過。不過筆者認(rèn)為對其置換條件還有繼續(xù)探究的必要。本文就被動型「テアル」句型和「被動+テイル」句型的置換條件為中心進(jìn)行探討的過程中,得出了如下幾條結(jié)論(因?yàn)椤副粍?テイル」句型的用法以及意思更為廣泛,所以一下都是對「被動+テイル」句型置換成被動型「テアル」句型時的要求):(1)單純被動句+(2)表示“結(jié)果,完了”的「テイル」的結(jié)構(gòu)(3)主語是具體的物體(4)動作主不特定(5)置換之后整體表達(dá)符合常識(6)是對眼前情況的描述(7)表達(dá)的是人的行為(8)結(jié)果能夠用肉眼觀察到(3)關(guān)于能動型「テアル」句型和「テオク」句型的關(guān)系,因?yàn)橥瑯雍小白寣ο蟀l(fā)生變化,并保持那樣的狀態(tài)不變的”意思,所以也經(jīng)常用來比較。這兩者的置換條件如下(以下(1)(2)是對兩個句型共同的要求,(3)是對「テアル」句型,(4)「テオク」句型分別的要求):(1)都不強(qiáng)調(diào)彼此句型其特殊含義(2)不是對未來事物的描述,動作已經(jīng)截止(3)保持結(jié)果狀態(tài)不變的“持續(xù)型”「テオク」(4)置換「テアル」句型后不因形式上要成立(即置換過后仍是正常的「テアル」句型的用法)本文還從語法的角度,對各個句型的主語、動詞、賓語以及動作主等進(jìn)行了分析,對其異同點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了探討和總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Although the sentence pattern is necessary for Japanese learners in the process of learning Japanese, few people can fully grasp its usage and the similarities and differences between the sentence patterns and the sentence patterns. This is the original intention of the author's writing. This article will be the three one from the perspective of semantics and morphology. The existing analysis results show that: (1) there are two uses of passive and activism. For the former, because the action owner is not sure, it is analyzed from the angle of intention, because the action is not the person who describes the scene, so it is named the passive type. As for the latter, the possibility of being a non action owner is greatly increased, so from the point of view, it is named as a dynamic type. A sentence is used to describe the difference between the two. The passive focus is on the existence of things in front of the eyes and the existence of what kind of form is pointed out, and the active emphasis on the performance of the two. The existence of love and the point out that things are related in advance for some reason. (2) the relationship between the sentence pattern and the sentence pattern of the passive form is all about the expression of "phase", so the similarities and differences are discussed in great quantities. In the course of the study of the replacement conditions of the sentence pattern of the passive and passive +, this paper draws the following conclusions. 1): (1) simple passive sentence + (2) means "result, finished" structure (3) the subject is a specific object (4) the action owner does not specific (5) after the replacement of the overall expression conforms to common sense (6) is the description of the immediate situation (7) is the human behavior (8) can be observed by the naked eye (3) about active " The relationship between the sentence pattern and the sentence pattern is also often used for comparison. The replacement conditions are as follows (1) (2) is the common requirement for the two sentence patterns, and (3) the sentence pattern of the two. Other requirements): (1) no emphasis is placed on the special meaning of each other's sentence patterns (2) is not a description of the future, and the action has already ended (3) to keep the "continuous" "continuous type" (4) to replace the sentence pattern in the form. From the perspective of grammar, the subjects, verbs, objects and action subjects of each sentence pattern are analyzed, and their similarities and differences are discussed and summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H36

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