發(fā)布時間：2018-05-26 06:03

  本文選題：政治人 + 人格�。� 參考：《華中師范大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：政治人研究是思想政治教育不可回避的全新視點,政治人的人格問題更是一個亟待研究的全新范疇。本文選擇了政治人的人格這一特殊命題,將研究重點集中于政治行為主體的人格嬗變,從研究政治主體的視角來展開分析,并試圖將人格調(diào)適引入到思想政治教育視域中。同時,將研究命題放在中國社會全面轉(zhuǎn)型這一背景下。這個時期,社會政治、經(jīng)濟、文化諸領(lǐng)域都在發(fā)生著多層面、全方位、整體性、結(jié)構(gòu)性的深刻變革。思想的激蕩、文化的碰撞、價值觀的沖擊,使身處其中的當代中國政治人在價值觀念、思維方式、行為方式、生活方式等諸多方面也隨之發(fā)生明顯的變化。毋庸置疑,社會轉(zhuǎn)型必然帶來人的轉(zhuǎn)型,而人的轉(zhuǎn)型過程中最重要、最具決定性、最深層次的轉(zhuǎn)型是人格的轉(zhuǎn)型。隨著社會轉(zhuǎn)型的不斷深入,中國政治人的人格轉(zhuǎn)型勢在必行。如何認識政治人?如何認識政治人的人格?如何認識轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人的人格嬗變?與傳統(tǒng)中國政治人的人格特點相比有哪些異同?存在的缺陷與凸顯的問題是什么?如何修正思想政治教育以更好地調(diào)適轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人的人格?等等,是當前十分重要且亟待解決的命題。本文力圖從問題意識出發(fā),對以上命題做了探索性的研究,通過五個章節(jié)進行闡述。 第一章導論。首先從人的政治屬性與人的思想品德結(jié)構(gòu)為邏輯起點,提出了政治人假設這一命題,并以政治人塑造與思想政治教育創(chuàng)新為問題切入,論述了政治人研究對于當代中國政治的重要現(xiàn)實意義。進而對政治人、當代中國政治人的內(nèi)涵與外延以及人格、政治人的人格進行了概念的界定和解讀,并對當前中國社會的轉(zhuǎn)型特點和主要內(nèi)容進行了全面闡釋,指出社會轉(zhuǎn)型必然帶來人格轉(zhuǎn)型。最后在厘清人格結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎上,提出本文對于政治人人格的研究向度：即從政治人格、倫理人格、特質(zhì)人格三個向度來研究轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人人格。這是本文的創(chuàng)新之處并為后面章節(jié)奠定了論述的結(jié)構(gòu)基礎。同時,本文對國內(nèi)外學者的相關(guān)研究做了述評。 第二章解析傳統(tǒng)中國政治人的人格特征。首先,解構(gòu)與剖析了傳統(tǒng)中國政治人的政治人格。闡述了“倫理化、拜官化、等級化、崇魅化、臣民化”的政治人格特點以及“泛倫理化、非理性、威權(quán)傾向、不成熟性”的政治人格缺陷,并對傳統(tǒng)社會中政治人的政治人格艱難流變進行了分析；其次,剖析了傳統(tǒng)中國政治人的倫理人格。歸納出“圣人天象、仁愛、八目、求和、尚公、忠義”的倫理人格特點以及“小集團化、言行分裂、因襲保守”的倫理人格缺陷,并對倫理人格的作用進行反思；再次,剖析了傳統(tǒng)中國政治人的特質(zhì)人格。闡析了“忍從、順良、老猾、中庸、迷信”的特質(zhì)人格特點以及“權(quán)位偏執(zhí)、主奴性格扭曲、壓抑閉鎖”的特質(zhì)人格缺陷,并對缺陷產(chǎn)生的不良政治后果進行了分析；最后,剖析了傳統(tǒng)中國政治人的人格文化雙重化傾向。 第三章研究轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人的政治人格嬗變。首先,對后傳統(tǒng)時期中國政治人的人格流變進行了描述,繼而闡釋了轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人人格嬗變的三個向度。最后重點闡釋了第一個向度,即轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人政治人格的過渡性嬗變的六個特點：由倫理型向“倫理-法理”型嬗變、由臣屬型向“臣屬-公民”混合型嬗變、由政治焦慮向政治自信嬗變、由盲從激進的非理性向?qū)で鬂u變的理性嬗變、由依附性向主體獨立嬗變、由官本位向價值多元嬗變。指出其凸顯的九個問題：倫理原則仍具普遍影響、信念認同面臨挑戰(zhàn)、政治認知過程中的知行分離嚴重、另類政治冷漠心理不容忽視、政治尋租意識日漸突出、權(quán)力依附心理仍未徹底根除、“做清官”情結(jié)的雙重性應予以重視、“學而優(yōu)則仕”的官本位窠臼仍未擺脫、公仆意識仍有待加強。 第四章研究轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人的倫理人格和特質(zhì)人格嬗變。首先在對轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人進行倫理人格審視的基礎上,闡述了四個正向傾向：具有明確的人生價值追求和強烈的成就動機、擁有較高的工作滿意度、看重親民務實、對于自身應具備和欠缺的素質(zhì)品質(zhì)有著正確的認知。同時分析了轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人倫理人格的變形性嬗變表現(xiàn)：無道德人格、實用人格、惟上人格、虛偽人格。指出其凸顯的五個問題：倫理價值混淆導致自然人與政治人的角色倫理錯位、倫理價值取舍自相矛盾導致價值判斷二元、言行裂變導致“虛偽的崇高”、良心缺失導致人格障礙。繼而,闡述了第三個向度,即轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人的官場性特質(zhì)人格嬗變。其表現(xiàn)為五個特點：由“革命浪漫型”向“智能型”嬗變、由“內(nèi)傾型”向“開放型”嬗變、由拘謹呆板型向個性型嬗變、由兩極思維型向多向思維型嬗變、由忍從型向主體性嬗變。指出其凸顯的六個問題：焦慮與緊張、患得失與心理平衡危機、不偏不倚的中庸性格明顯、個性強仍被視為官場性格弱點、隨大溜的無主體性仍很普遍、自我設計仍被壓抑。最后,對轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人的人格沖突表現(xiàn)做了評析。 第五章針對轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人存在的問題,提出了現(xiàn)代人格調(diào)適的多維路徑。一是優(yōu)化思想政治教育,二是優(yōu)化制度權(quán)威基礎,三是優(yōu)化社會環(huán)境,四是優(yōu)化形成賽馬不相馬、風清氣正的用人機制,五是優(yōu)化完善自我調(diào)適的內(nèi)在成長機制。 附錄是轉(zhuǎn)型期嬗變中的中國政治人的人格調(diào)查和實證研究報告。在研究人格三個向度的嬗變過程中,為了進一步了解作為當代轉(zhuǎn)型期中國政治人主體的黨政領(lǐng)導干部的人格現(xiàn)實,本文還輔之以對北京市黨政領(lǐng)導干部,主要是局處級領(lǐng)導干部人格的大規(guī)模系列實證調(diào)查。本次調(diào)查研究,于2007年開始至2010年,歷時近四年。采用兩種指標體系和測試工具。一是國際公認比較成熟的《卡特爾十六種人格因素測驗》量表(簡稱16PF)。二是通過自設計的人格主觀命題問卷調(diào)查和召開座談會等形式,對政治人群體進行了人格心理傾向調(diào)查。為了更進一步分析中國政治人的人格傾向,本文還分別以北京市和圣彼得堡市的領(lǐng)導者為樣本,分析比較了中俄兩國政治人的人格特質(zhì)的異同。
[Abstract]:The political man's research is an unevasive new point of view of Ideological and political education. The personality problem of the political man is a new category that needs to be studied. This paper chooses the special proposition of the personality of the political man, focusing on the change of the personality of the subject of political behavior, analyzing from the perspective of the political subject, and trying to make a person. In the context of the comprehensive transformation of Chinese society, the study is put in the perspective of the ideological and political education. In this period, the social, political, economic and cultural fields are undergoing a multifaceted, comprehensive, integral and structural change. The shock of thought, the impact of culture, the impact of values, is in it. The contemporary Chinese political people have also changed the values, the way of thinking, the way of behavior, the way of life, and so on. There is no doubt that the transformation of the society will inevitably bring about the transformation of people, and the most important, most decisive, and most profound transformation in the process of human transformation is the transformation of personality. The personality transformation of Chinese political people is imperative. How to understand the political person? How to understand the personality of the political man? How to understand the change of the personality of the Chinese political man in the transition period? What are the similarities and differences with the personality characteristics of the traditional Chinese political man? What are the defects and problems that highlight? How to amend the ideological and political education to better tune it The personality of Chinese political man in the period of adaptation is a very important and urgent proposition at present. This paper tries to make an exploratory study of the above proposition from the problem consciousness and expound through five chapters.
The first chapter is introduction. First, from the logical starting point of the political attribute of man and the ideological and moral structure of man, the proposition of the political man's hypothesis is put forward, and the important significance of the political man's research to the contemporary Chinese politics is discussed, and the political man and the contemporary Chinese political man are discussed. The connotation and extension, the personality and the personality of the political person are defined and interpreted, and the characteristics and main contents of the transformation of the current Chinese society are fully explained, and the social transformation inevitably brings about the personality transformation. The three dimensions of political personality, ethical personality and idiosyncratic personality are used to study the personality of Chinese political people in the transition period. This is the innovation of this article and lays the structural foundation for the later chapters. At the same time, this article reviews the relevant research of scholars at home and abroad.
The second chapter analyzes the personality characteristics of the traditional Chinese political man. First, it deconstructs and analyzes the political personality of the traditional Chinese political man, and expounds the political personality characteristics of "ethnical, official, hierarchical, enchanting and subjecting", and the political personality defects of "Pan ethical, irrational, authoritarian, immaturity" and the traditional society. Secondly, the ethical personality of the traditional Chinese political people is analyzed. The ethical personality characteristics of the "holy man's celestial image, benevolence, eight eyes, seeking peace, public and loyalty", and the ethical personality defects of "small group, words and deeds split up, keep keeping keeping" and the role of ethical personality are carried out. Thirdly, it analyzes the characteristic personality of the traditional Chinese political people, expounds the characteristic personality characteristics of "tolerance, Shun good, old crafty, the mean, superstition", and the trait personality defects of "the bigotry, the distortion of the slave character, the repression of the lock", and analyses the bad political consequences of the defects; finally, it analyzes the traditional Chinese politics. The tendency to treat people's personality and culture is duality.
The third chapter studies the political personality transmutation of Chinese political people in the transition period. First, it describes the personality evolution of Chinese political people in the post traditional period, then explains the three dimensions of the transmutation of Chinese political personalities in the transition period. Finally, the first degree is explained, which is the transition of the transitional period of political personalities in the transition period of six. The characteristics: from the ethical type to the "ethics legal" type evolution, from the subordinate type to the "citizen citizen" mixed type evolution, from the political anxiety to the political confidence, from the radical to the irrational to seek the gradual change of rational evolution, from the dependency to the subject independent transmutation, from the official position to the value of multiple changes. Points out the nine problems highlighted. The ethical principles still have universal influence, the belief identification is facing the challenge, the separation of knowledge and practice is serious in the process of political cognition, the alternative political apathy can not be ignored, the political rent-seeking consciousness is becoming more and more prominent, the power dependence has not been completely eradicated. The dual nature of "doing the official" complex should be paid attention to, and the official standard of "the scholar is an official" is still the same. Without getting rid of it, the consciousness of public servants still needs to be strengthened.
The fourth chapter studies the transmutation of the ethical personality and personality personality of Chinese political people in the transition period. First, on the basis of the ethical personality examination of the Chinese political people in the transition period, four positive tendencies are expounded. They have a clear pursuit of life value and a strong achievement motivation, have higher job satisfaction, pay more attention to the people and the people and be pragmatic, for themselves. There is a correct understanding of the quality and quality that should be possessed and lacking. At the same time, it analyzes the deformable transmutation of the ethical personality of Chinese political people in the transition period: the unmoral personality, the practical personality, the only personality and the hypocrisy personality. It points out the five problems which are highlighted: the ethical value confusion leads to the ethical dislocation of the role of the self and the political man, and the ethical price. The contradiction of value selection is two yuan, which leads to the "hypocritical sublime" and the lack of conscience, which leads to the personality disorder. Then, it expounds the third orientation, which is the transmutation of the officialdom personality of Chinese political people in the transition period. It shows five characteristics: from "revolutionary romantic" to "intelligent", and from "introverted type". "Open type" transmutation, from the rigid type to the personality type evolution, from the two pole thinking to the multidirectional thinking type transmutation, from the tolerance from the type to the subjective transmutation, points out six problems: anxiety and tension, the crisis of suffering and loss and psychological balance, the mediocre character of impartiality is obvious, and the strong personality is still regarded as the weakness of the official character. The non subjectivity of the slips is still widespread, and the self design is still suppressed. Finally, the performance of the personality conflicts of Chinese political men in the transitional period is analyzed.
The fifth chapter, aiming at the existing problems of the Chinese political people in the transition period, puts forward the multidimensional path of modern personality adjustment. One is to optimize the ideological and political education, the two is to optimize the foundation of the authority of the system, the three is to optimize the social environment, and the four is to optimize the formation of horse racing, the wind is clear and the air is positive, and the five is the inner growth mechanism of optimizing and perfecting self adjustment.
The appendix is the personality investigation and Empirical Study of the Chinese political people in the transition period. In the study of the evolution of the three dimensions of personality, in order to further understand the personality reality of the leading cadres of the party and government, the leading cadres of the party and government in Beijing are also supplemented by the leadership of the party and government. A large scale series of empirical studies on the personality of leading cadres. This survey was conducted from 2007 to 2010, which lasted for nearly four years. Two index systems and testing tools were adopted. First, the internationally accepted sixteen personality factor test of cartel (16PF). Two was a self designed personality subjective questionnaire survey and call. In order to further analyze the personality tendency of Chinese political people, this paper, in order to further analyze the personality tendency of Chinese political people, analyzed and compared the similarities and differences of the personality traits of the political people between China and Russia in order to further analyze the personality tendency of the Chinese political people.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D64

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本文編號：1936205