本文選題：磁性液體 + 傳感器�。� 參考：《北京交通大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：將新型功能材料應用于傳感器中是傳感器技術發(fā)展的一個主要方向。磁性液體作為一種新型功能材料,兼具磁性和流動性,將其應用于傳感器領域,利用其獨特的性質可制作出新型的或性能獨特的傳感器,是磁性液體應用的重要領域之一。本文得到國家自然科學基金資助項目的資助,提出了一種新型的磁性液體慣性傳感器并對其進行了理論和實驗研究,主要研究工作如下:1、提出了一種新型磁性液體慣性傳感器,由永磁體和鐵芯組成復合芯體,依靠磁性液體實現(xiàn)其在圓管殼中的懸浮,復合芯體作為慣性質量,彈性回復力由磁斥力產(chǎn)生,阻尼力為傳感器芯體移動時的空氣阻力和磁性液體粘性阻力。2、研究了利用磁性液體將永磁體懸浮的特性:從理論上推導了磁性液體的表面張力及徹體力公式,浸沒于磁性液體中的物體的受力公式,針對所設計的傳感器結構以簡化模型分析了懸浮力的機理;討論了影響永磁體在圓管殼中懸浮的影響因素,采用觀測及實驗方法確定傳感器芯體在圓管殼內(nèi)的懸浮特性。3、研究了永磁體同名磁極間力學特性,推導了永磁體間磁斥力的計算公式。分別采用數(shù)值計算與實驗測定方法得出了永磁體間磁斥力與其間距的特性曲線,給出了適合于傳感器的工作區(qū)間。研究了傳感器芯體位移檢測方法,比較分析了已有的檢測結構和方法,提出了更為合理的位移檢測結構。分析了采用電感線圈檢測芯體位移的機理和特性,以及影響檢測精度的因素。分析了相應的轉換電路原理,設計了信號轉換及調理電路。4、研究了新型磁性液體慣性傳感器用于傾角測量時的機理,建立了相應的數(shù)學模型,得到了其靜態(tài)、動態(tài)響應,據(jù)此給出了用于傾角測量時的條件及靜態(tài)靈敏度公式;研究了新型磁性液體慣性傳感器用于加速度測量時的機理,建立了相應的數(shù)學模型,根據(jù)其動態(tài)響應給出了用于加速度測量時的工作條件。5、基于新型磁性液體慣性傳感器模型,設計了兩個傳感器實驗樣機,分別采用基本型和改進型兩種結構方案,在搭建的實驗平臺上針對實驗樣機進行了實驗研究,獲得了傳感器的靜態(tài)性能和動態(tài)性能,實驗結果與理論分析結果相符,驗證了傳感器工作機理的正確性。
[Abstract]:The application of new functional materials in sensors is one of the main directions of sensor technology development. As a new type of functional material, magnetic liquid is both magnetic and fluidity. It is one of the important fields in the application of magnetic liquid to make a new type or unique performance sensor by using its unique properties. In this paper, supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, a new type of magnetic liquid inertial sensor is proposed and studied theoretically and experimentally. The main research work is as follows: 1. A new type of magnetic liquid inertial sensor is proposed. The composite core is composed of a permanent magnet and an iron core. It is suspended in a circular shell by a magnetic fluid. The composite core is used as the inertial mass, and the elastic recovery force is generated by the magnetic repulsion force. The damping force is the air resistance of the sensor core and the viscous resistance of the magnetic fluid. The characteristics of suspending the permanent magnet by using the magnetic fluid are studied. The surface tension and the penetrating force formula of the magnetic fluid are derived theoretically. In this paper, the mechanism of suspension force is analyzed for the sensor structure designed in order to simplify the model, and the influence factors on the suspension of permanent magnet in a circular shell are discussed. The levitation characteristics of the sensor core in the cylindrical shell are determined by observation and experimental methods. The mechanical properties of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet with the same name are studied, and the formula for calculating the magnetic repulsion force between the permanent magnets is derived. The characteristic curves between the magnetic repulsion force and the distance between the permanent magnets are obtained by numerical calculation and experimental measurement, and the working range suitable for the sensors is given. The displacement detection method of sensor core is studied, the existing detection structure and method are compared and analyzed, and a more reasonable displacement detection structure is put forward. The mechanism and characteristics of detecting core displacement by inductor coil and the factors influencing the detection accuracy are analyzed. The principle of the corresponding conversion circuit is analyzed, the signal conversion and conditioning circuit .4 is designed, the mechanism of the new magnetic liquid inertial sensor used in the measurement of inclination angle is studied, the corresponding mathematical model is established, and the static and dynamic responses are obtained. Based on this, the condition and static sensitivity formula for the measurement of inclination angle are given, and the mechanism of the new magnetic liquid inertial sensor for acceleration measurement is studied, and the corresponding mathematical model is established. According to its dynamic response, the working conditions for acceleration measurement are given. Based on the new model of magnetic liquid inertial sensor, two experimental prototypes of the sensor are designed. The static and dynamic performances of the sensor are obtained on the experimental platform. The experimental results agree with the theoretical analysis results and verify the correctness of the working mechanism of the sensor.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP212

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 許龍飛;Fe_3O_4@SiO_2型硅油基磁性液體制備與表征[D];北京交通大學;2017年

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本文編號：1897660