發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-20 09:47

【摘要】：在民航領(lǐng)域,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)常被應(yīng)用于機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)備作業(yè)的監(jiān)測(cè)和控制中,以提高設(shè)備運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性、航班的準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)率以及機(jī)場(chǎng)的運(yùn)營(yíng)效率。機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)備所處環(huán)境廣闊復(fù)雜,飛機(jī)航班由于天氣或人為等因素有著很強(qiáng)的隨機(jī)性和突發(fā)性,因此在對(duì)設(shè)備工況數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行采集和傳輸?shù)臅r(shí)候面臨著很大的挑戰(zhàn)。在無(wú)線(xiàn)傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)儲(chǔ)能、網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載有限的條件下,文章針對(duì)機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)備監(jiān)控?zé)o線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由層,如何選擇合理的路由方式,有效且準(zhǔn)確地將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸至上位機(jī)進(jìn)行研究。首先提出基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的機(jī)坪設(shè)備工況監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu);其次對(duì)LEACH協(xié)議進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,通過(guò)選擇合理的簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)簇內(nèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù),采用基于分簇的數(shù)據(jù)融合方法,減少WSN中過(guò)多的冗余數(shù)據(jù)。MATLAB仿真說(shuō)明優(yōu)化后算法能更好地提高各節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)通信量,進(jìn)而延長(zhǎng)各節(jié)點(diǎn)的存活時(shí)間,保證機(jī)坪設(shè)備工況監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的可靠性。針對(duì)民航機(jī)坪設(shè)備監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)中存在過(guò)量數(shù)據(jù)分組,造成數(shù)據(jù)擁塞和網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)延等問(wèn)題,提出基于機(jī)會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的CRAMP路由算法。緊密結(jié)合機(jī)坪實(shí)際生產(chǎn)情況和場(chǎng)景建立數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級(jí)體系模型,在消息副本的數(shù)量控制、傳送、緩存與釋放等過(guò)程中都考慮進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級(jí)等元素。結(jié)合車(chē)載節(jié)點(diǎn)的移動(dòng)路線(xiàn)和方向模型,選擇合適的下一跳節(jié)點(diǎn)。ONE驗(yàn)證表明,優(yōu)化后的算法能有效減緩消息副本數(shù)量過(guò)多造成的數(shù)據(jù)冗余,降低通信時(shí)延和網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。文章通過(guò)優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由算法,提升機(jī)場(chǎng)地面設(shè)備監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點(diǎn)能效和網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,使機(jī)坪設(shè)備工況數(shù)據(jù)及時(shí)準(zhǔn)確地傳輸至上位機(jī),為整個(gè)工況監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)提供可靠的通信保障,具有一定的實(shí)用性與參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In the field of civil aviation, the Internet of things is often used in the monitoring and control of airport equipment operations, in order to improve the stability of equipment operation, flight punctuality and airport operation efficiency. The airport equipment is located in a wide and complex environment. Because of the strong randomness and sudden occurrence of the aircraft flight due to weather or human factors, it is faced with great challenges when collecting and transmitting the data of the equipment operating conditions. Under the condition of wireless sensor node energy storage and limited network load, this paper studies how to select a reasonable routing method for airport equipment monitoring wireless network routing layer and transfer data to the host computer effectively and accurately. First of all, this paper puts forward the network architecture of platform equipment condition monitoring based on Internet of things. Secondly, the LEACH protocol is optimized, and the data fusion method based on clustering is adopted by selecting reasonable cluster head node to forward the data of intra-cluster node. The simulation shows that the optimized algorithm can improve the data traffic of each node, prolong the survival time of each node, and ensure the reliability of the monitoring system of platform equipment. A CRAMP routing algorithm based on opportunistic forwarding is proposed to solve the problems of excessive data packet, data congestion and network delay in civil aviation platform equipment monitoring network. The data priority system model is established in close combination with the actual production situation and scene of the aerodrome, and the data priority elements are taken into account in the control, transmission, cache and release of message replicas. Combined with the mobile route and direction model of vehicle nodes, the selection of appropriate next hop node. One verification shows that the optimized algorithm can effectively reduce the data redundancy caused by the excessive number of message replicas, and reduce the communication delay and network routing overhead. By optimizing the network routing algorithm, the paper improves the node energy efficiency and network performance of the airport ground equipment monitoring network, and makes the working condition data of the aerodrome equipment transmit to the upper computer in time and accurately, thus providing reliable communication guarantee for the whole operating condition monitoring system. It has certain practicability and reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：V351.3;TP277

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