公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-23 12:09
【摘要】：隨著養(yǎng)老金“并軌制”的推進,對于公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金制度改革的關(guān)注也越來越多。公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金不同于企業(yè)年金之處在于其適用對象的特殊性——國家公職人員。作為直接行使國家權(quán)力的群體,公務(wù)員的廉潔奉公是其基本的職業(yè)道德。為了推動公務(wù)員防腐廉政建設(shè),一些人提出能否通過公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能機制設(shè)計來達到促廉政、防腐敗的目的。公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能要求公務(wù)員在職時必須依法履職、廉潔奉公,才能在退休后享受全額的職業(yè)年金,否則將被部分或完全褫奪職業(yè)年金待遇。通過使公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金具有“廉政抵押金”的性質(zhì),實現(xiàn)防腐促廉的激勵作用,具有極為重要的現(xiàn)實意義。我國目前的法律規(guī)范中對于職業(yè)年金制度的規(guī)定并沒有明確體現(xiàn)出其具有防腐功能,但是也有不少有關(guān)的法律條文、政策文本、黨內(nèi)法規(guī)有涉及到公務(wù)員因腐敗違紀(jì)導(dǎo)致離退休待遇被扣減的內(nèi)容,可以為今后完善職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能的立法設(shè)計作一定的鋪墊。此外,我國目前已有多處地方政府在進行類似制度的實踐探索,多以廉潔年金或廉政保證金的形式出現(xiàn),例如湖南瀏陽市廉政保證金制度和廣東江門市廉政公積金制度等。這些制度無一不是期望通過設(shè)立保證金的形式督促公務(wù)員廉潔奉公,實現(xiàn)預(yù)防腐敗的目的。它們作為制度探索的先驅(qū)者,取得了不俗的成績。然而由于一些共性問題,如合法性受質(zhì)疑、配套制度不夠完善等原因,大多以制度“流產(chǎn)”而告終。新加坡、香港等國家與地區(qū)都有通過公務(wù)員退休金制度來實現(xiàn)反腐的成熟機制。新加坡的中央公積金制度和香港的廉政公積金制度的立法模式、法律規(guī)制內(nèi)容、運作機制和監(jiān)督機制都有許多共同的規(guī)律和各自獨特的優(yōu)點。結(jié)合我國的對于公務(wù)員管理方面的基本國情進行分析和比較研究,可以為實現(xiàn)我國的職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能提供國際借鑒。職業(yè)年金制度作為公務(wù)員的退休金制度,可以通過制度的合理設(shè)計實現(xiàn)預(yù)防腐敗的功能和作用。然而我國目前頂層立法設(shè)計的缺失是其得以有效發(fā)揮作用的最大障礙。因此,要實現(xiàn)該功能,我們首先要在高位階的職業(yè)年金法律制度中,對其進行明確規(guī)定。職業(yè)年金制度本身作為公務(wù)員的補充養(yǎng)老制度,其補充養(yǎng)老功能是核心功能,因此我們在進行立法制度設(shè)計時,必須將補充養(yǎng)老功能和防腐功能統(tǒng)一起來。同時,構(gòu)建具體的制度內(nèi)容也是該功能能夠發(fā)揮的基礎(chǔ)。尤其是根據(jù)現(xiàn)實需要將其具體的內(nèi)容進行細(xì)化,例如對于這項功能的適用對象、職業(yè)年金的繳費模式、考核的內(nèi)容和年限、懲罰機制和獎勵機制的觸發(fā)條件等等。此外,為了使職業(yè)年金待遇切實受到公務(wù)員職業(yè)行為的影響,公務(wù)員的職業(yè)年金待遇必須和廉潔履職情況相掛鉤。只有公務(wù)員的廉潔考核結(jié)果切切實實會對職業(yè)年金待遇造成影響,職業(yè)年金制度的防腐功能才能夠名副其實。最后,完備的配套監(jiān)督機制是以上所有制度構(gòu)建得以順利運轉(zhuǎn)的保障。隨著監(jiān)察體制改革的推進,我國正在探索建立統(tǒng)一的反腐監(jiān)察機關(guān)。統(tǒng)一的監(jiān)督主體和獨立的監(jiān)督權(quán)行使無疑將為公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能的實際運作提供強力支撐,保障我國公務(wù)員職業(yè)年金制度防腐功能得到制度上的合法確立和實踐中的有效發(fā)揮。
[Abstract]:With the promotion of the pension system, more and more attention has been paid to the reform of the occupational pension system of civil servants. The occupational pension of civil servants is different from the annuity of the enterprise, which lies in the particularity of its applicable object - the state public officials. As a group directly exercising the state power, the integrity of the civil servant is its basic career path. In order to promote the construction of anti-corrosion and clean government of civil servants, some people have proposed that it can be designed to promote clean government and prevent corruption through the design of the anti-corrosion functional mechanism of the occupational pension system of civil servants. The anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system of civil servants requires the civil servants to perform their duties according to law when they are in service and to enjoy the full professional year after retirement. Gold, otherwise, will be partially or completely deprived of occupational pension treatment. It is of great practical significance to achieve the incentive effect of anti-corruption and promotion by the nature of "clean government mortgage" for civil servants' occupational pension, which is of great practical significance. In the current legal norms of China, the regulations on occupational pension have not clearly shown their anti-corrosion functions. However, there are many relevant legal provisions, policy texts, and internal regulations of the party involved in the reduction of the retirement benefits caused by the corruption of civil servants, which can make a certain paving for the future improvement of the legislative design of the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system. Practice exploration, in the form of incorruptible annuity or clean government deposit, such as the clean government deposit system in Liuyang of Hunan and the system of honest and clean provident fund in Jiangmen, Guangdong, etc. all these systems are expected to prevent corruption by means of setting up a security deposit to prevent corruption. They are the pioneers of the system exploration. However, due to some common problems, such as the question of legality and the lack of perfect supporting system, most of them ended with the system "abortion". Singapore, Hongkong and other countries and regions have a mature mechanism to achieve anti-corruption through the civil service pension system. The central provident fund system of Singapore and the low cost of Hongkong. The legislative mode, the content of legal regulation, the operation mechanism and the supervision mechanism have many common laws and their unique advantages. The analysis and comparative study of the basic national conditions of the civil service management in China can provide international reference for the realization of the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system in China. As the pension system of the civil servants, the gold system can realize the function and function of preventing corruption through the rational design of the system. However, the lack of the legislative design at the top level in our country is the biggest obstacle to its effective function. It is clearly stipulated that the occupational pension system itself is the supplementary pension system for the civil servants, and its supplementary pension function is the core function. Therefore, when we design the legislative system, we must unify the supplemental function and anti-corrosion function of the pension system. At the same time, the foundation of the construction of the specific system is also the basis of the function. The reality needs to refine its specific content, such as the applicable object of this function, the payment mode of occupational pension, the content and life of the assessment, the triggering conditions of the punishment mechanism and the reward mechanism, etc.. In addition, in order to make the occupational annuity treatment influenced by the professional behavior of the civil servant, the occupational pension of the civil servant must be treated. Only the integrity of the civil servants will affect the occupational pension treatment, and the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system can be well known. Finally, the complete supporting supervision mechanism is the guarantee for the smooth movement of all the above systems. With the promotion of the supervision system reform, Our country is exploring the establishment of a unified anti-corruption supervision organ. The unified supervision body and the exercise of independent supervision will undoubtedly provide a strong support for the practical operation of the anti-corrosion function of the civil service occupational annuity system, and ensure the legal establishment and practice of the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D630.9
本文編號：2139369
[Abstract]:With the promotion of the pension system, more and more attention has been paid to the reform of the occupational pension system of civil servants. The occupational pension of civil servants is different from the annuity of the enterprise, which lies in the particularity of its applicable object - the state public officials. As a group directly exercising the state power, the integrity of the civil servant is its basic career path. In order to promote the construction of anti-corrosion and clean government of civil servants, some people have proposed that it can be designed to promote clean government and prevent corruption through the design of the anti-corrosion functional mechanism of the occupational pension system of civil servants. The anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system of civil servants requires the civil servants to perform their duties according to law when they are in service and to enjoy the full professional year after retirement. Gold, otherwise, will be partially or completely deprived of occupational pension treatment. It is of great practical significance to achieve the incentive effect of anti-corruption and promotion by the nature of "clean government mortgage" for civil servants' occupational pension, which is of great practical significance. In the current legal norms of China, the regulations on occupational pension have not clearly shown their anti-corrosion functions. However, there are many relevant legal provisions, policy texts, and internal regulations of the party involved in the reduction of the retirement benefits caused by the corruption of civil servants, which can make a certain paving for the future improvement of the legislative design of the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system. Practice exploration, in the form of incorruptible annuity or clean government deposit, such as the clean government deposit system in Liuyang of Hunan and the system of honest and clean provident fund in Jiangmen, Guangdong, etc. all these systems are expected to prevent corruption by means of setting up a security deposit to prevent corruption. They are the pioneers of the system exploration. However, due to some common problems, such as the question of legality and the lack of perfect supporting system, most of them ended with the system "abortion". Singapore, Hongkong and other countries and regions have a mature mechanism to achieve anti-corruption through the civil service pension system. The central provident fund system of Singapore and the low cost of Hongkong. The legislative mode, the content of legal regulation, the operation mechanism and the supervision mechanism have many common laws and their unique advantages. The analysis and comparative study of the basic national conditions of the civil service management in China can provide international reference for the realization of the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system in China. As the pension system of the civil servants, the gold system can realize the function and function of preventing corruption through the rational design of the system. However, the lack of the legislative design at the top level in our country is the biggest obstacle to its effective function. It is clearly stipulated that the occupational pension system itself is the supplementary pension system for the civil servants, and its supplementary pension function is the core function. Therefore, when we design the legislative system, we must unify the supplemental function and anti-corrosion function of the pension system. At the same time, the foundation of the construction of the specific system is also the basis of the function. The reality needs to refine its specific content, such as the applicable object of this function, the payment mode of occupational pension, the content and life of the assessment, the triggering conditions of the punishment mechanism and the reward mechanism, etc.. In addition, in order to make the occupational annuity treatment influenced by the professional behavior of the civil servant, the occupational pension of the civil servant must be treated. Only the integrity of the civil servants will affect the occupational pension treatment, and the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system can be well known. Finally, the complete supporting supervision mechanism is the guarantee for the smooth movement of all the above systems. With the promotion of the supervision system reform, Our country is exploring the establishment of a unified anti-corruption supervision organ. The unified supervision body and the exercise of independent supervision will undoubtedly provide a strong support for the practical operation of the anti-corrosion function of the civil service occupational annuity system, and ensure the legal establishment and practice of the anti-corrosion function of the occupational pension system in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D630.9
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