本文選題：川東地區(qū)　切入點：生產救災　出處：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：建國初期川東地區(qū)不僅面臨著天災,更有嚴重的匪患。嚴重的災荒不僅威脅著川東廣大民眾的生存,也沖擊著中共的群眾基礎。鞏固自身的執(zhí)政基礎,對于中共來講迫在眉睫,因為這直接關系到人心向背問題和政權的鞏固問題。因此,生產救災不僅是一個解決民眾吃飯生存的問題,還是一個嚴重的政治問題。建國初期的川東地區(qū)近代化程度較低,面對嚴重的災荒,廣大的鄉(xiāng)村民眾依然固守傳統(tǒng)的應災方式和觀念,諸如坐等救濟、聽天由命等。尤為凸顯的是,川東地區(qū)沒有建立過完整的革命根據(jù)地,中共的執(zhí)政理念及主張未有得到過充分的實踐,再加之國民黨長久的污蔑式宣傳,致使川東地區(qū)廣大鄉(xiāng)村民眾對中共充滿戒懼心理。在這種背景下展開全新的救災工作,其阻力、困難是可想而知的。同時,建國初期川東地區(qū)救災經費的不足,也限制著救災工作的大規(guī)模展開。延續(xù)革命年代的經驗和傳統(tǒng),中共川東區(qū)委、行署認為破解救災難題的關鍵在于充分發(fā)動鄉(xiāng)村民眾,充分利用廣大鄉(xiāng)村民眾的自我力量來解除災荒的威脅,而依靠鄉(xiāng)村民眾的力量,首先必須要對廣大鄉(xiāng)村民眾進行徹底的生產救災社會動員,這是實現(xiàn)生產救災工作推行的根本。建國初期川東地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村生產的救災社會動員,始終圍繞著一條主線進行:以滿足農民的實際利益與加強階級教育相結合。具體來講,首先,構建強有力的組織網(wǎng)絡,各級生產救災機構,各級各界人民代表會議,各級群團組織,鄉(xiāng)村工作隊,宣傳網(wǎng)等,建立起覆蓋川東各地的組織網(wǎng)絡,涵蓋了干部和民眾。其次,將中共慣用的宣傳手段與川東傳統(tǒng)文娛形式結合使用,中共慣用各級機關報、書籍、標語、典型示范等宣傳手段,在川東地區(qū)社會動員中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。但是真正為民眾所接受,是因為中共借用了川東傳統(tǒng)的文娛形式,如山歌、川東竹琴、金錢板、花鼓戲、快板等,這些形式在川東地區(qū)流傳已久,為民眾所熟知。再次,以滿足的民眾利益為突破口,通過國家救濟與幫扶,以及對地主階級的斗爭,農民獲得了實際利益,減少了社會動員的阻力。最后,加強對農民的階級教育和政治教育,通過生產救災會議,及與剿匪反霸、減租退押、土改運動相結合,通過新舊對比,強化農民的階級意識。通過廣泛的社會動員調動了農民生產救災的積極性,加深了民眾對中共政策的認同,對于今天的農村社會動員有著些許啟示。
[Abstract]:In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, East Sichuan faced not only natural disasters, but also serious banditry. The severe famine not only threatened the survival of the broad masses of the people in eastern Sichuan, but also impacted on the mass base of the Communist Party of China. It was extremely urgent for the CPC to consolidate its ruling foundation. Because this is directly related to the issue of people's feelings and the consolidation of political power. Therefore, production and disaster relief is not only a problem to solve the problem of people's livelihood and survival, but also a serious political problem. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the degree of modernization in eastern Sichuan was relatively low. In the face of severe famine, the broad masses of rural people still cling to the traditional ways and concepts of disaster response, such as sitting and waiting for relief, giving way to fate, etc. It is particularly evident that the eastern part of Sichuan has not established a complete revolutionary base area. The ruling ideas and propositions of the Communist Party of China have not been fully put into practice, coupled with the long slanderous propaganda of the Kuomintang, which has led the vast rural people in eastern Sichuan to be full of precepts and fears towards the Chinese Communists. Against this background, a completely new relief work has been launched. Its resistance, difficulties can be imagined. At the same time, in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the lack of funds for disaster relief in East Sichuan also restricted the large-scale development of disaster relief work. Continuing the experience and tradition of the revolutionary era, the CPC Eastern Sichuan Regional Party Committee, The Administration believes that the key to solving the difficult problem of disaster relief lies in fully mobilizing the rural people, making full use of the self-power of the vast number of rural people to remove the threat of famine, and relying on the strength of the rural people. First of all, we must thoroughly mobilize the vast number of rural people in production and disaster relief, which is the basis for the implementation of production and disaster relief work. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the social mobilization of rural production in eastern Sichuan Province was carried out. It has always been carried out around a main line: to meet the actual interests of peasants and to strengthen class education. Specifically, first of all, to build a strong network of organizations, production and disaster relief organizations at all levels, and meetings of people's representatives from all walks of life at all levels. Groups at all levels, rural task forces, propaganda networks, and so on, have established a network of organizations covering all parts of eastern Sichuan, covering cadres and people. Secondly, the traditional propaganda means of the Communist Party of China and the traditional forms of cultural and recreational activities in eastern Sichuan have been used together. The Communist Party of China's usual propaganda means at various levels, such as government newspapers, books, slogans, and typical demonstrations, play an irreplaceable role in social mobilization in eastern Sichuan. But it is truly accepted by the public because the Chinese Communist Party has borrowed the traditional cultural and recreational forms of eastern Sichuan. Such as folk songs, bamboo harps in eastern Sichuan, money boards, flower and drum plays, Allegro, etc. These forms have been circulating in eastern Sichuan for a long time and are well known to the populace. Again, to meet the interests of the people as a breakthrough, through state relief and help, As well as the struggle against the landlord class, the peasants have gained practical benefits and reduced the resistance to social mobilization. Finally, they have strengthened class and political education for the peasants, reduced rent and remanded them through production and disaster relief conferences, and with bandits and bandits against hegemonism. Through the combination of the land reform movement and the comparison between the new and the old, the peasants' class consciousness was strengthened. Through extensive social mobilization, the peasants' enthusiasm for production and disaster relief was mobilized, and the people's approval of the CPC policy was deepened. For today's rural social mobilization has some enlightenment.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D632.5;X4

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