本文選題：詞類劃分　切入點(diǎn)：滿語(yǔ)虛詞　出處：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：虛詞在語(yǔ)言中具有重要作用,是與實(shí)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的一個(gè)大詞類,是更側(cè)重于語(yǔ)法意義的一個(gè)詞類,因此,虛詞在語(yǔ)法學(xué)研究中占有重要地位,它是語(yǔ)法學(xué)研究中不可忽視的一個(gè)研究領(lǐng)域。滿語(yǔ)是粘著類型的語(yǔ)言。滿語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法意義雖然主要由詞綴來(lái)表達(dá),但是虛詞也在語(yǔ)法體系中起著復(fù)雜而重要的作用。虛詞作為一個(gè)詞,仍然保留著詞的完整詞形和語(yǔ)法變化形式,但是詞匯意義卻已經(jīng)虛化,從而不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)句子成分。虛詞是由實(shí)詞通過(guò)語(yǔ)義虛化發(fā)展來(lái)的,因此,虛詞與實(shí)詞保持著諸多聯(lián)系。隨著詞的語(yǔ)義虛化,逐漸失去句法獨(dú)立功能,只給相關(guān)的詞添加各種語(yǔ)法意義,因此,虛詞表達(dá)的意義更接近于語(yǔ)法形態(tài)。滿語(yǔ)詞類劃分時(shí)根據(jù)滿語(yǔ)實(shí)際,依據(jù)詞匯意義、句法功能和形態(tài)變化等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采用三級(jí)分類法,每一級(jí)分類都有不同側(cè)重的原則,首先將滿語(yǔ)詞分為實(shí)詞和虛詞兩個(gè)大類。本文研究的是虛詞這一部分。本文主要包括如下內(nèi)容:助動(dòng)詞、后置詞、連詞、聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞、語(yǔ)氣詞等。對(duì)這些詞的語(yǔ)法意義、語(yǔ)法功能和使用方法等進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了自己看法。
[Abstract]:Function words play an important role in language, they are a big part of speech corresponding to notional words, and they are more focused on grammatical meaning. Therefore, function words play an important role in the study of grammar. It is a research field which can not be ignored in the study of grammar. Manchu is a language of adherent type. Although the grammatical meaning of Manchu is mainly expressed by affixes, But function words also play a complex and important role in the grammatical system. As a word, function words still retain the complete lexical form and grammatical change form of words, but the lexical meaning is already empty. Function words are developed by semantic vacuity, therefore, function words and notional words maintain many relations. With the semantic vacuity of words, they gradually lose the function of syntactic independence. The meaning of function words is closer to grammatical form. According to the actual situation of Manchu, according to lexical meaning, syntactic function and morphological change, the function words are classified into three levels. At first, the Manchu words are divided into two categories: notional words and function words. This paper mainly includes the following contents: auxiliary verbs, postposition words, conjunctions, and associative verbs. The grammatical meaning, grammatical function and usage method of these words are analyzed in detail, and their own views are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H221
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本文編號(hào)：1560629