本文關(guān)鍵詞：考慮不同消費者行為的生產(chǎn)與訂貨決策研究　出處：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 供應(yīng)鏈管理 環(huán)保意識 好感度 謹慎購買 生產(chǎn) 訂貨

【摘要】：消費者行為在制造商的生產(chǎn)決策和零售商的訂貨決策中常常扮演著重要角色。隨著環(huán)境污染日益嚴重,消費者在購物時會表現(xiàn)出越來越高的環(huán)保意識行為,這會影響制造商的生產(chǎn)決策。此外,由于缺貨現(xiàn)象普遍發(fā)生,消費者對零售商的服務(wù)水平越來越敏感。同時,網(wǎng)上購物時存在的不確定性會使得消費者表現(xiàn)出謹慎購買的行為。消費者的這些行為都會直接對零售商的訂貨決策和利益產(chǎn)生影響。在本文中,基于消費者對環(huán)境、服務(wù)和不確定性表現(xiàn)出的行為,將其分為三個部分進行研究。首先,考慮消費者環(huán)保意識行為的綠色生產(chǎn)研究。制造商提供不同綠色等級的產(chǎn)品來滿足市場上不同環(huán)保偏好的消費者。更高綠色等級的產(chǎn)品會產(chǎn)生更少的排放物但需要更多的成本。為了鼓勵制造商生產(chǎn)環(huán)保產(chǎn)品,政府對其提供綠色補貼政策。本章主要研究制造商的綠色生產(chǎn)決策問題,即生產(chǎn)哪些綠色等級的產(chǎn)品以及相應(yīng)生產(chǎn)多少數(shù)量�？紤]消費者具有環(huán)保意識行為和政府補貼,本章在競爭的環(huán)境下發(fā)展了一個綠色供應(yīng)鏈模型來最大化制造商的利潤。本章證明了均衡解的存在性和唯一性,并且根據(jù)變分不等式理論提出了一個收斂算法�；诂F(xiàn)實場景下的算例結(jié)果顯示:消費者環(huán)保意識的提高將會促進制造商生產(chǎn)更多高綠色等級的產(chǎn)品,但這并不一定為制造商帶來更多利潤。一個好的補貼政策能為制造商帶來更多利潤,也為政府節(jié)約補貼投資。此外,隨著消費者環(huán)保意識以及補貼政策的變化,在競爭越來越激烈的環(huán)境下制造商可能會創(chuàng)造更多利益。其次,考慮消費者好感度的最小承諾訂貨決策。零售商不斷地提供產(chǎn)品來滿足消費者需求。消費者會基于過去零售商所提供的服務(wù)質(zhì)量對其產(chǎn)生不同的好感度。消費者的好感度會隨著零售商的服務(wù)水平的不同不斷變化,并且影響著未來需求。此外,零售商需要向供應(yīng)商進行訂貨并且雙方形成一個最小訂貨量承諾。本章在多期的環(huán)境下研究零售商的承諾訂貨問題,其目標是利潤最大化。本章發(fā)展一個隨機的動態(tài)規(guī)劃模型,并且在考慮消費者好感度的條件下使用魯棒優(yōu)化的方法來求解該模型。本章發(fā)現(xiàn)零售商的長期利潤隨著最小承諾量和消費者好感度的上升而上升。消費者好感度將會隨著時間收斂到一個穩(wěn)定值,并且該值會隨著最小承諾量的上升而下降。最后,考慮消費者謹慎購買行為的最優(yōu)訂貨問題。網(wǎng)上銷售已成為零售商的一個重要渠道。消費者購買前對產(chǎn)品的初始估值與購買后對產(chǎn)品的實際估值之間存在估值偏差,并且該偏差可能會導(dǎo)致消費者退貨。在網(wǎng)上購物中,缺貨現(xiàn)象普遍存在,這使得消費者在購物時會變得更加謹慎。所以,消費者購買產(chǎn)品前常常會評估估值偏差以及產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)水平。本章主要研究零售商的訂貨決策問題,即在消費者謹慎購買的行為下如何確定最優(yōu)訂貨量。本章考慮了消費者對產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)水平的感知是外生的情形。分析結(jié)果顯示市場需求和消費者的退貨率都隨著消費者對產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)水平的感知上升而上升。當消費者表現(xiàn)出謹慎的購買行為時,零售商應(yīng)當采取措施來提高消費者對產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)水平的感知。此外,本章還考慮了消費者對產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)水平的感知是內(nèi)生的情形。算例結(jié)果顯示消費者對產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)水平的感知以及退貨率將隨著訂貨量的上升而上升。本章也發(fā)現(xiàn)無論消費者對產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)水平的感知是內(nèi)生還是外生的,感知越高,零售商的利潤越低。
[Abstract]:Consumer behavior in the manufacturer's production order decision making and retailers often play an important role. With the increasingly serious environmental pollution, consumers will show higher awareness of environmental protection behavior when shopping, this will affect the manufacturer's production decision. In addition, due to out of stock phenomenon, consumers on the retailer's service level is more and more sensitive. At the same time, there are online shopping when uncertainty makes consumers buy a cautious consumer behavior. These behaviors can directly to the retailer's order strategy and profit impact. In this paper, the consumer environment based on service and uncertainty behaviors will be studied, which is divided into three parts. First, Research on green production considering the environmental consciousness of consumers behavior. Manufacturers provide different products to meet different levels of green ring on the market Paul preferences of consumers. The higher level of emissions of green products will produce less but need more cost. In order to encourage manufacturers to produce environmentally friendly products, the government provides green subsidy policy on it. This chapter mainly studies the manufacturer of green production decision, namely production which green grade products and the corresponding production quantity is considered. Consumers are environmentally conscious behavior and government subsidies, this chapter in a competitive environment to develop a green supply chain model to maximize the profits of the manufacturer. This chapter proves the existence and uniqueness of solutions for equilibrium, and according to the variational inequality theory presents a convergence algorithm. Examples of real scenes the results show: based on consumer awareness of environmental protection will promote manufacturers to produce more high grade green products, but this does not necessarily bring more profits for the manufacturer of a good. The subsidy policy can bring more profits for the manufacturer, but also save subsidies for government investment. In addition, with changes in consumer awareness of environmental protection and subsidy policy, in an increasingly competitive environment manufacturers may create more benefits. Secondly, the minimum commitment ordering decision consumer favorability consideration. Retailers continue to provide products to meet the needs of consumers the consumer will demand. In the past the quality of service provided by retailers to produce different favorability. Based on the goodwill of consumers with different degrees of changing service level of retailer, and affect the future demand. In addition, retailers need to order and the two sides form a minimum quantity commitment to suppliers. Commitment ordering problem in this chapter in the period of the study of retailers, the goal is to maximize profit. This chapter develops a stochastic dynamic programming model Type, and considering the method of robust optimization using consumer favorability conditions to solve the model. This chapter found that long-term profits of retailers increased with minimal commitment amount and rising consumer favorability. Consumer favorability over time will converge to a stable value, and the value will decrease with the increase of minimum commitment the optimal ordering problem. Finally, cautious consumer purchase behavior. Online sales has become an important channel for retailers. Consumer products on the initial valuation and purchase of products between the actual valuation valuation bias, and the bias may lead to the return of consumers in online shopping. In common out of stock phenomenon, which makes consumers when shopping will become more cautious. So, often valuation deviation and product supply water consumers to buy the product before Ping. Order decision of this chapter is mainly on the retailer, namely in the cautious consumer purchase behavior to determine the optimal order quantity. This chapter considers the consumer perception of product supply level is exogenous. Analysis results show that the market demand and consumer return rate with the consumer perception of product supply level rise rise. When consumers are expressing cautious purchasing behavior, retailers should take measures to improve the consumers' perception of product supply level. In addition, this chapter also considers consumer perception of product supply is endogenous. The results of example show that the consumer perception of product supply level and the return rate will rise along with order quantity. This chapter also found that consumers of the product supply level of perception is endogenous or exogenous, perception is higher, the retailer's profit is low.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F274;F713.55

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