發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-23 11:43

  本文選題：旅游景區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：孤島效應(yīng)　出處：《云南大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,不同類(lèi)型、不同等級(jí)、不同地區(qū)的旅游景區(qū)也隨之迅速成長(zhǎng)。但在旅游景區(qū)發(fā)展的同時(shí),景區(qū)圈“景”為“區(qū)”、“圍城”式開(kāi)發(fā)等問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重,“孤島”現(xiàn)象在旅游景區(qū)中日益凸顯,景區(qū)和社區(qū)的差異越來(lái)越大,景區(qū)和社區(qū)的矛盾逐漸激化,成為阻礙景區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要問(wèn)題。學(xué)者們雖然對(duì)旅游景區(qū)中的“孤島”現(xiàn)象有所關(guān)注,但缺乏相應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)研究。將“孤島”理論應(yīng)用到旅游景區(qū)發(fā)展中,立足于景區(qū)和社區(qū)和諧發(fā)展的視角,能夠彌補(bǔ)相關(guān)理論研究的空白,也能為景區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供指導(dǎo)。基于上述分析,本文綜合運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析與問(wèn)卷訪談相結(jié)合、定性分析與定量評(píng)價(jià)相結(jié)合、學(xué)科交叉與軟件輔助相結(jié)合、橫向比較與歸納總結(jié)相結(jié)合的研究方法,在闡明研究背景與問(wèn)題、研究進(jìn)展與述評(píng)、研究依據(jù)與方法、研究目的與意義、研究思路與框架的基礎(chǔ)上(第一章)；以地理學(xué)、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、景觀生態(tài)學(xué)、旅游學(xué)等相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ)(第二章)；創(chuàng)造性提出旅游景區(qū)孤島的概念,并系統(tǒng)的分析了旅游景區(qū)孤島的提出、成因、演化、特征、類(lèi)型等內(nèi)容,初步建立了旅游景區(qū)孤島理論框架(第三章)；在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)指標(biāo)體系和測(cè)度模型(第四章)；并以普者黑六大旅游景區(qū)為實(shí)證進(jìn)行測(cè)度(第五章)；根據(jù)實(shí)證結(jié)果,從預(yù)警、“反規(guī)劃”、調(diào)控三方面提出旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)逆變機(jī)理(第六章)；最后,提出了本文的研究結(jié)論和展望(第七章)。本文的主要觀點(diǎn)和結(jié)論包括：(1)本文從微觀的視角,將“孤島”引入旅游景區(qū)研究范疇。旅游景區(qū)孤島指景區(qū)與周邊社區(qū)存在鮮明差異并缺少相互聯(lián)系,形成孤立發(fā)展的旅游現(xiàn)象。旅游景區(qū)孤島形象、直觀地表達(dá)了景區(qū)和社區(qū)的隔離狀態(tài)及割裂關(guān)系,為旅游景區(qū)研究和旅游影響研究提供新的獨(dú)特視角。(2)旅游景區(qū)孤島包括經(jīng)濟(jì)孤島、社會(huì)孤島、景觀孤島等類(lèi)型,是一個(gè)從“初化→興化→孤化→極化／融化”的演化過(guò)程,具有經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的割裂性、社會(huì)文化的擠出性和景觀生態(tài)的破碎性等特征。其成因包括：在外部方面包括空間區(qū)位的鎖閉性、發(fā)展模式的單一性、管理體制的多重性等,在內(nèi)部方面包括利益追逐的驅(qū)動(dòng)、社區(qū)參與的障礙、人為生態(tài)的破壞等。(3)旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)測(cè)度體系由1個(gè)目標(biāo)層、3個(gè)子目標(biāo)層、2大指標(biāo)類(lèi)型和21項(xiàng)具體指標(biāo)構(gòu)成,在熵值法確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了“D/C”孤島效應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)模型。其中,差異性指數(shù)(D)越大,孤島效應(yīng)越大：連接度指數(shù)(C)越大,孤島效應(yīng)越小。(4)普者黑六大旅游景區(qū)中,經(jīng)濟(jì)孤島效應(yīng)最高的是擺龍湖景區(qū)(4.4010),最低的是落水洞景區(qū)(0.4940) 社會(huì)孤島效應(yīng)最高的是山河灣景區(qū)(2.3649),最低的是落水洞景區(qū)(0.8125) 景觀孤島效應(yīng)最高的是八道哨景區(qū)(1.3359),最低的是擺龍湖景區(qū)(0.3999)。從整體孤島效應(yīng)總值來(lái)看,普者黑旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)從高到低分別是經(jīng)濟(jì)孤島(2.3663)、社會(huì)孤島(1.2267)、景觀孤島(0.9768)。(5)旅游景區(qū)孤島效應(yīng)有三種逆變機(jī)理,即前逆變——預(yù)警機(jī)制,包括建立預(yù)警指標(biāo)體系、確定預(yù)警界限值、制作預(yù)警信號(hào)圖、發(fā)布預(yù)警信息等,中逆變——“反規(guī)劃”機(jī)制,包括確定一個(gè)目標(biāo)、采取四項(xiàng)分析、做好四個(gè)規(guī)劃、進(jìn)行兩種反饋的旅游“反規(guī)劃”流程,后逆變——調(diào)控機(jī)制,包括降低差異性、增強(qiáng)連接度、實(shí)施恢復(fù)管理等。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's tourism industry of different types, different grades, different regions of the tourist attractions also grew rapidly. But in the development of the tourism scenic scenic circle at the same time, "King" as the "area", "Besieged City" development seriously, "island" phenomenon has become increasingly prominent in the tourist attractions, the difference scenic resort community is more and more big, scenic spots and community contradictions intensified gradually, become the important problems hindering the sustainable development of the scenic area. Although scholars of tourist attractions in the "island" phenomenon is concerned, but the lack of corresponding system research. "Applied to the scenic island" in the development of the theory, based on the scenic spots and community the perspective of harmonious development, can make up for the blank of relevant theoretical research, provide guidance for sustainable development but also for the scenic area. Based on the above analysis, this paper uses literature analysis and questionnaire interviews, qualitative Analysis and quantitative evaluation of the combination of interdisciplinary and software combining research methods, compared with the combination of summary, the paper describes the research background and problems, research progress and review, research basis and method, research purpose and significance, research ideas and framework based on (the first chapter); in geography, regional economics, landscape ecology, tourism and other related theoretical basis (chapter second); put forward the concept of creative tourism island, and system analysis is put forward, scenic island origin, evolution, characteristics, types and contents, established the scenic island theoretical framework (Chapter third); based on the theory research on the construction of the tourism island effect index system and measurement model (Chapter fourth); and to measure the six major tourist attractions for Puzhehei empirical (Chapter fifth); according to the empirical results, from early warning, " The scenic area planning ", inverter islanding regulation mechanism in three aspects (the sixth chapter); finally, put forward the conclusion and prospects of this study (Chapter seventh). The main points and conclusions of this paper include: (1) from the micro perspective, the" island "in the tourism scenic area of scenic island areas. The scenic area and the surrounding community has distinctive differences and lack of contact with each other, the phenomenon of tourism development. Tourism scenic spots formed isolated island image, expressed in scenic and community isolation and separation, provides a new perspective for the study of the unique scenic spots and tourism research. (2) island tourist attractions including economic island. Social Island, island landscape types, is a" from the evolution of early, Xinghua, solitary, polarization / melt ", fragmented with economic interests, social culture and ecological landscape of extrusion The characteristics of broken. The causes include: locking of space location on the external side, a single model of development, multiplicity of the management system, including the pursuit of interest in the internal drive, community participation barriers, man-made ecological damage. (3) tourism island effect measurement system by 1 the target layer, 3 sub target layer, 2 indicators and 21 specific types of indicators, determine the index weight based on entropy method, constructed the "D/C" rating island effect model. The difference index (D) greater islanding more: Connectivity Index (C) greater. The island effect is small. (4) proposes six tourist attractions, economic Island effect is the highest placed Longhu scenic area (4.4010), the lowest is Luoshuidong area (0.4940) is the highest mountain community Island Bay Area (2.3649), the lowest is Luoshuidong area (0.8125) solitary landscape The island effect is highest in the eight post (1.3359), the lowest area is placed in Longhu scenic area (0.3999). The total value of the whole island effect, proposes the tourism scenic island effect from high to low are economic Island (2.3663), (1.2267), social island landscape Island (0.9768) (5) tourist attractions. There are three kinds of inverter islanding mechanism, namely before - inverter early warning mechanism, including the establishment of early-warning index system, determine the warning threshold value, making early warning signal, warning information, inversion -- "anti planning" mechanism, including the determination of a target, take four, do four planning, two the feedback of tourism "anti planning" process, after the inverter - regulation mechanism, including reducing the differences, enhance connectivity, restoration and management.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F592
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本文編號(hào)：1653317