本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)母國(guó)能源消費(fèi)影響研究　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 對(duì)外直接投資 能源消費(fèi) 資源尋求 逆向技術(shù)溢出 吸收能力

【摘要】：按照國(guó)家發(fā)展規(guī)劃,到“十三五”末國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比2010年翻一番,這意味著為實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的目標(biāo),“十三五”時(shí)期年均經(jīng)濟(jì)增速不低于6.5%。與此同時(shí),國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)時(shí)期,進(jìn)入由重速度向重質(zhì)量和效益、由重?cái)?shù)量向重結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵發(fā)展階段,然而經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)與結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)整都需要充足的高品質(zhì)資源環(huán)境配套,但當(dāng)前我國(guó)能源市場(chǎng)供需失衡愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重,為了突破資源約束,同時(shí)為了提高能源利用效率,就要充分利用“兩種資源、兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)”,實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏、共同發(fā)展。供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革使得國(guó)內(nèi)要素比較優(yōu)勢(shì)也隨之發(fā)生變化,加之對(duì)外貿(mào)易與投資格局不斷演變,尤其是當(dāng)前“一帶一路”建設(shè)、國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作背景下,國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)走出去內(nèi)生動(dòng)力逐步增強(qiáng)。本文主要探究對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)我國(guó)能源消費(fèi)的作用機(jī)制及影響效應(yīng)兩方面問(wèn)題,具體研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)首先分析當(dāng)前能源消費(fèi)現(xiàn)狀存在消費(fèi)總量高、能源供需缺口擴(kuò)大、消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)偏高碳化、消費(fèi)效率較低的問(wèn)題,使能源消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的約束日益嚴(yán)峻。然后梳理我國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資發(fā)展歷程,結(jié)合對(duì)外投資行業(yè)選擇、區(qū)位分布等不同角度,對(duì)當(dāng)前境外投資發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)及未來(lái)趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行客觀(guān)評(píng)價(jià),指出國(guó)內(nèi)企業(yè)將“兩個(gè)市場(chǎng)、兩種資源”為我所用,將為國(guó)內(nèi)能源發(fā)展提供新的可能性。(2)研究作用機(jī)制方面,首先從兩個(gè)角度探究直接作用機(jī)制:鑒于各類(lèi)對(duì)外投資企業(yè)海外經(jīng)營(yíng)可直接利用當(dāng)?shù)刭Y源,基于能源供求機(jī)制,從投資行業(yè)視角和國(guó)內(nèi)能源價(jià)格視角分析對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)母國(guó)能源消費(fèi)的直接供求作用;然后鑒于能源類(lèi)企業(yè)可直接投資資源稟賦豐裕國(guó)而獲得能源資源,通過(guò)異質(zhì)性成本-固定市場(chǎng)進(jìn)入成本模型探究對(duì)外投資的資源偏好傾向。之后分別基于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)、進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易和技術(shù)進(jìn)步四類(lèi)傳導(dǎo)變量解析了外直接投資對(duì)能源消費(fèi)的間接作用機(jī)制。(3)由于對(duì)外直接投資會(huì)對(duì)母國(guó)能源消費(fèi)產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜影響,在實(shí)證內(nèi)容方面將重點(diǎn)探究其對(duì)能源消費(fèi)總量、結(jié)構(gòu)、效率的具體影響效應(yīng)。首先研究對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)能源消費(fèi)總量的影響效果,運(yùn)用VAR模型結(jié)合因果分析發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)能源消費(fèi)變化更加敏感,對(duì)外直接投資將伴隨國(guó)內(nèi)能源消費(fèi)同向漲落。繼而運(yùn)用引力模型和資源缺口模型驗(yàn)證了我國(guó)存在資源尋求傾向,并且對(duì)外直接投資可有效彌補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)資源短缺。最后基于宏觀(guān)角度構(gòu)建Tapio脫鉤分解模型,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者整體存在弱脫鉤關(guān)系。(4)然后探究對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)母國(guó)能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響效應(yīng)。運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型,提出研究假設(shè),構(gòu)建能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)、對(duì)外直接投資、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)潛變量、內(nèi)部可測(cè)變量以及潛變量和可測(cè)變量間的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系,進(jìn)行路徑擬合分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)無(wú)論是直接路徑還是間接路徑,對(duì)外直接投資均負(fù)向作用于國(guó)內(nèi)能源消費(fèi),其中煤炭消費(fèi)降幅最大,其次是石油消費(fèi),說(shuō)明我國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資有利于節(jié)約國(guó)內(nèi)能源資源并優(yōu)化能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)。(5)最后從發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)外直接投資存在技術(shù)尋求動(dòng)機(jī)的角度出發(fā),定量分析對(duì)外直接投資逆向技術(shù)溢出與能源消費(fèi)效率之間的關(guān)系,并就母國(guó)逆向技術(shù)吸收能力以及區(qū)域化逆向技術(shù)差異對(duì)能源效率的調(diào)節(jié)作用進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)測(cè)算,發(fā)現(xiàn)逆向技術(shù)溢出每提高1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),能源消費(fèi)效率將提升0.051個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。然而,無(wú)論是全國(guó)樣本還是分區(qū)域樣本,在考慮吸收能力情況下的逆向技術(shù)溢出節(jié)能效應(yīng)均較為微弱亦或阻礙能效提升,并且區(qū)域范圍差異也呈現(xiàn)出不確定性技術(shù)吸收效果,說(shuō)明當(dāng)前我國(guó)技術(shù)吸收能力較為薄弱,未來(lái)要注重縮小同發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家技術(shù)差距。
[Abstract]:According to the national development plan, to the "13th Five-Year" at the end of GDP and per capita income more than doubled in 2010, which means that to achieve the goal of building a well-off society, "13th Five-Year" period average annual economic growth rate of not less than 6.5%. At the same time, the domestic economic development has entered a new normal period, entered by the speed to quality and efficiency, the key stage of development from quantity to structural adjustment and transformation, but steady economic growth and structural adjustment will need plenty of high-quality resources supporting environment, but the current imbalance between supply and demand of China's energy market has become more and more serious, in order to break through the resource constraints, and in order to improve the efficiency of energy utilization, it should make full use of "two resources and two markets", to achieve mutual benefit and common development. The supply side structural reform makes the domestic factors of comparative advantage are changed, and the foreign trade and investment patterns of continuous evolution, especially the "The Belt and Road" construction, international cooperation capacity under the background, the domestic enterprises to enhance endogenous power gradually out of the. This paper mainly explores the effect of foreign direct investment mechanism and the impact on China's energy consumption in two aspects, the specific contents are as follows: (1) the first analysis of the current consumption, high expansion, energy supply and demand gap of consumption structure, high efficiency of carbide consumption problem of low energy consumption status, the energy consumption of the increasingly serious economic growth restriction. Then combing the development process of China's foreign direct investment, combined with different angles of foreign investment industry selection, location distribution, the objective evaluation of the current status and future trend of the development of overseas investment, pointed out that the domestic enterprises will be "two markets and two resources" it will provide new possibilities for the development of domestic energy. (2) study mechanism, first from two perspectives to explore the direct mechanism: in view of overseas operation of foreign investment enterprises of various types of direct use of local resources, energy supply and demand mechanism based on supply and demand analysis of direct effect of foreign direct investment on home energy consumption from the investment perspective and the domestic energy prices and energy perspective; in view of enterprise direct investment in natural resources and abundant country access to energy resources, through the study on the foreign investment into the cost model of heterogeneous cost - fixed market resources preference. Then, based on the four conduction variables of economic growth, industrial upgrading, import and export trade and technological progress, the indirect mechanism of external direct investment on energy consumption is analyzed. (3) due to the complex impact of foreign direct investment on the energy consumption of the home country, we will focus on the specific impact of energy consumption on total energy consumption, structure and efficiency in empirical content. First, we study the effect of foreign direct investment on total energy consumption. Using VAR model and causal analysis, we find that outward direct investment is more sensitive to domestic energy consumption and foreign direct investment will be accompanied by domestic energy consumption in the same direction. Then the gravity model and resource gap model have been used to verify the tendency of resource seeking in China, and foreign direct investment can effectively make up for the shortage of domestic resources. Finally, the Tapio decoupling decomposition model is constructed on the basis of macro angle, and the weak decoupling relationship is found in the two. (4) then explore the impact of FDI on the energy consumption structure of the home country. By using the structural equation model, put forward the research hypothesis, building energy consumption structure, foreign direct investment, industrial structure, economic growth, internal latent variables, measurable variables and latent variables and measurable structure relation between variables, path fitting analysis, it is found that the direct path and indirect path of foreign direct investment have negative effect in the domestic energy consumption, coal consumption fell the most, followed by oil consumption, shows that China's foreign direct investment is conducive to saving domestic energy resources and optimize energy consumption structure. (5) from the angle of foreign direct investment in developing countries are seeking motivation of technology, quantitative analysis of the relationship between foreign direct investment and reverse technology spillover efficiency of energy consumption, and the reverse technology absorptive capacity and home area measurement system to regulate the energy efficiency of reverse technology differences, found that each increase of 1 percentage points in reverse technology spillover efficiency, energy consumption will increase by 0.051 percentage points. However, regardless of the national or regional sample sample, considering the effect of reverse technology spillover energy absorption capability in the case are relatively weak or hinder the efficiency, and regional differences also show the uncertainty of technology absorption effect, indicating that the current technology absorption capacity is weak, the future should pay attention to narrow the technology in developed countries the gap.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.6
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本文編號(hào)：1338564