蛋白質翻譯后修飾調控有絲分裂和細胞自噬的生物信息學研究
[Abstract]:Post-translational modification of proteins occurs when small chemical groups or small proteins are covalently bound to specific amino acid residues after the translation of proteins. It is also called covalent modification. Mitosis and autophagy are two important biological processes in cells. Although they have different biological functions in cells, they have many similarities and correlations in process and function. In recent years, a large number of proteins have been identified to be involved in mitosis and autophagy, and the rapid development of high-throughput proteomics has promoted the study of protein post-translational modification, resulting in a large number of post-translational modification data. Collecting, sorting out and analyzing these data to extract useful information for further experimental research is an urgent problem in this field. Therefore, this paper presents a systematic bioinformatics study of proteins in mitosis and autophagy and their post-translational modifications. In eukaryotic cells, many proteins are located at different locations and form specific complexes that precisely regulate chromosome segregation during mitosis. In this paper, 1,872 of the eight model organisms were first collected through literature review. Proteins located in the centrosome, centrosome, centromere, spindle and telomere were identified. In addition, the direct homologous proteins in 144 other eukaryotic species were identified. References and post-translational modifications of proteins were integrated to construct a comprehensive set of 87,983 cell mitosis-related proteins. MiCroKiTS 4.0. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and important biological process in eukaryotes that degrades intracellular substances. It plays an important role in determining cell survival or death and regulating intracellular homeostasis. In view of the fact that autophagy is one of the main pathways of cell death, we collected 4,241 proteins involved in autophagy, apoptosis and cell necrosis from the literature and obtained 4,241 validated proteins. Genes and drug target proteins were significantly enriched in human autophagy and cell death pathway proteins. Then, we constructed a kinase-substrate phosphorylation network of human autophagy and cell death pathway proteins, and identified the important protein kinases and substrate proteins. The results were consistent with previous studies. In addition, protein kinase, protein phosphatase and ubiquitination-related enzymes, such as ubiquitin ligase, are found in autophagy and cell apoptosis. It is concluded that post-translational modification plays an important role in regulating autophagy and cell death pathway. Based on the above results, a comprehensive database of autophagy and cell death-related proteins, THANATOS 1.0, is constructed. Autophagy, apoptosis and cell necrosis proteins were identified in 118 eukaryotic species, including 47 animals, 23 plants and 48 fungi. The roles of three zebrafish proteins Atg3, Keap1b and SKp2 in zebrafish autophagy in early embryonic cells were tested. Finally, the database contained 144,531 fine particles. The proteins involved in autophagy and cell death pathways are integrated with known post-translational modifications of proteins, protein-protein interactions, and references. Two very important and interrelated biological processes, mitosis and autophagy, and their post-translational modifications are systematically studied. The results provide new ideas and data resources for further study on the molecular mechanism of mitosis and autophagy and the regulation of post-translational modification of proteins.
【學位授予單位】:華中科技大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:Q811.4
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