本文選題：現(xiàn)場試驗 + 液化�。� 參考：《中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：液化問題是土動力學(xué)和巖土地震工程研究的重要課題之一。強震下飽和砂土易發(fā)生液化并可能加重震害,機械和波浪荷載下土體也存在液化問題。研究液化及相關(guān)工程問題,具有重要的理論和工程意義,一直是工程抗震領(lǐng)域的前沿方向。震害調(diào)查和室內(nèi)試驗是目前認識和研究液化問題的重要手段和主要手段�，F(xiàn)場監(jiān)測也是直接研究地震中液化問題的一種手段。在研究液化方面發(fā)揮了巨大作用,極大推動了對液化問題的認識,大量成果已經(jīng)付諸工程實踐。但上述手段存在著不足:震害調(diào)查要受限于大震發(fā)生的頻率,也無法得到液化發(fā)展的過程;室內(nèi)試驗,難以全面復(fù)現(xiàn)真實場地的砂土液化過程;由于地震短臨預(yù)報的不成熟性和強震的罕遇性,使得現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測的效果大打折扣,迄今取到的研究成果極其有限。隨著液化問題研究的深入,現(xiàn)場條件下直接開展試驗成為一條新途徑。這種方法可以從一個新的角度了解土體液化的響應(yīng)規(guī)律。在此研究需求背景下,人工源震動下現(xiàn)場液化試驗得到了發(fā)展,用于補充上述認識手段的不足,以便更好地掌握實際場地中土體液化響應(yīng)規(guī)律和液化土體的特征。目前以此開展的研究,總體成果有限,國內(nèi)更是處于起步階段,需要大力發(fā)展。本文從現(xiàn)場液化試驗這一新的手段和角度研究液化問題,通過發(fā)展和完善現(xiàn)場液化試驗方法,研究現(xiàn)場條件下液化土體的孔壓發(fā)展與加速度、應(yīng)變的響應(yīng)規(guī)律以及液化土體的特征,以期與已有試驗手段得到的認識相互比對,相互驗證,更深入地了解和掌握液化規(guī)律,發(fā)展液化分析方法。主要成果和工作包括:(1)研究了現(xiàn)場液化試驗方法中人工震源、試驗數(shù)據(jù)獲取、液化土體特征量、試驗組織與實現(xiàn)中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題,發(fā)展完善了現(xiàn)場液化試驗方法,設(shè)計了兩種形式的現(xiàn)場液化試驗,通過與以往液化試驗和國際上已有同類試驗相比,驗證了試驗的可靠性。(2)以現(xiàn)場液化試驗手段,研究了液化對地表運動的影響,以求從一個新的角度得到地表運動與液化關(guān)聯(lián)性的認識,得到了其液化水平與地表加速度的關(guān)系以及液化對地表運動的影響規(guī)律。(3)研究了水平場地孔壓增長模式,尋找實際場地和室內(nèi)試驗孔壓增長模式的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,以加速度、埋深、砂土類型等為基本指標構(gòu)建了孔壓增量模型,并通過數(shù)值模擬和其它同類現(xiàn)場試驗驗證了該孔壓模型的可靠性。(4)以現(xiàn)場液化試驗為基礎(chǔ),研究了場地條件下飽和砂土的孔壓發(fā)展與剪應(yīng)變的關(guān)系,提出了液化發(fā)展過程中孔壓發(fā)展與剪應(yīng)變關(guān)系的定量表達式。
[Abstract]:Liquefaction is one of the most important topics in soil dynamics and geotechnical seismic engineering. Saturated sand is prone to liquefaction and may aggravate earthquake damage under strong earthquake, and liquefaction problem also exists in soil under mechanical and wave loads. The study of liquefaction and related engineering problems has important theoretical and engineering significance, and has always been the frontier direction in the field of engineering earthquake resistance. Earthquake damage investigation and laboratory test are important means and main means to understand and study liquefaction problem. Field monitoring is also a method to study liquefaction in earthquake directly. It has played a great role in the research of liquefaction, greatly promoted the understanding of liquefaction, and a large number of achievements have been put into engineering practice. But there are some shortcomings in the methods mentioned above: the seismic damage investigation should be limited by the frequency of earthquake occurrence and the process of liquefaction development can not be obtained, and it is difficult to fully reproduce the liquefaction process of the real site through laboratory tests; Due to the immaturity of short-term and impending earthquake prediction and the rare occurrence of strong earthquakes, the effect of field monitoring is greatly compromised, and the research results obtained so far are extremely limited. With the development of liquefaction research, it is a new way to carry out direct test under field conditions. This method can be used to understand the response law of soil liquefaction from a new point of view. Under the background of this research demand, the field liquefaction test under artificial source vibration has been developed to supplement the deficiency of the above means, so as to better understand the response law of soil liquefaction and the characteristics of liquefaction soil in the actual site. At present, the overall results of the research are limited, the domestic is in the initial stage, need to be vigorously developed. In this paper, the liquefaction problem is studied from the new method and angle of field liquefaction test. By developing and perfecting the field liquefaction test method, the pore pressure development and acceleration of liquefaction soil under field conditions are studied. The response law of strain and the characteristics of liquefaction soil are expected to compare and verify with the existing experimental methods, to understand and master the liquefaction law more deeply, and to develop the liquefaction analysis method. The main achievements and work include: (1) the artificial seismic source in the field liquefaction test method, the acquisition of test data, the characteristic quantity of liquefaction soil, the key technical problems in the test organization and realization are studied, and the field liquefaction test method is developed and perfected. Two kinds of in-situ liquefaction tests are designed. Compared with the previous liquefaction tests and the similar tests in the world, the reliability of the tests is verified, and the effect of liquefaction on the surface motion is studied by means of in-situ liquefaction tests. In order to obtain the relationship between surface motion and liquefaction from a new angle, the relationship between liquefaction level and surface acceleration and the influence of liquefaction on surface motion are obtained. To find out the difference and relation of pore pressure growth mode between actual site and laboratory test, the increment model of pore pressure is constructed with acceleration, depth of burial and type of sand as the basic index. The reliability of the pore pressure model is verified by numerical simulation and other similar field tests. The relationship between pore pressure development and shear strain of saturated sand under site condition is studied on the basis of field liquefaction test. The quantitative expression of the relationship between pore pressure development and shear strain during liquefaction development is presented.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU435

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