發(fā)布時間：2018-01-02 09:52

  本文關鍵詞：三維網(wǎng)狀結構增強磁流變彈性體的研究　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 磁流變彈性體 儲能模量 阻尼 電阻 傳感器

【摘要】：磁流變彈性體(MRE)是將微米級的軟磁性顆粒分散到具有黏彈性的高分子聚合物中復合而成的一種智能材料,對MRE施加可變磁場時,其力學性能隨磁場強度變化發(fā)生連續(xù)、可逆的變化,因此可以被應用于減震、降噪、隔振等領域。通過對基體改性或對軟磁性微米級顆粒進行修飾可以改善MRE的力學性能,改變模量及阻尼性能,因此目前MRE的主要研究對象是基體和顆粒分散相。作為一種新型智能復合材料,MRE結構設計沒能引起足夠的重視。MRE的經(jīng)典結構是軟磁性顆粒在基體內(nèi)部定向排列成鏈狀結構。這種結構雖然在MRE中廣泛應用,但由于其鏈狀結構在基體中缺乏支撐物,受到剪切作用的時候,容易被破壞。因此,為了使MRE具有理想的儲能模量和磁流變效應,對MRE進行結構設計是十分必要和有意義的。本文以設計MRE的復合材料結構為目的,選擇了三維網(wǎng)絡骨架結構增強MRE,系統(tǒng)地研究了骨架結構對MRE性能的影響。利用松香甘油酯增強天然橡膠基體研究基體潤濕性對磁流變性能的影響,選用聚氨酯海綿骨架,研究骨架對MRE內(nèi)羰基鐵粉的鏈狀結構的限制作用,首次將碳納米管和銀納米線覆載到聚氨酯海綿骨架上,研究了MRE電阻對應變和磁場的響應。該研究工作改善了MRE的力學性能,將MRE的應用范圍拓展到傳感器領域。具體內(nèi)容如下：1、將松香甘油酯添加到天然橡膠基體中來增加基體對菝基鐵粉的潤濕性和羧基鐵粉的分散性,增強了天然橡膠基體MRE的力學性能。在不同磁場、應變和頻率條件下,研究了基體和羰基鐵粉之間潤濕程度對MRE力學性能的影響。與純天然橡膠基體MRE相比,松香甘油酯/天然橡膠互穿網(wǎng)狀結構對羰基鐵粉有更好的潤濕性能,因此能降低MRE的阻尼。松香甘油酯的添加還能增加MRE的磁致模量。本文研究了基體對羰基鐵粉的潤濕性和羰基鐵粉的分散性對MRE力學性能的影響,對提高MRE力學性能有一定指導作用。2、將多孔海綿結構植入到磁流變塑性體中,制備出磁流變復合材料。重點研究三維骨架對磁流變復合材料內(nèi)部鐵粉的限制作用,發(fā)現(xiàn)三維骨架的植入能極大地提升磁致模量和磁流變效應。將具有彈性的多孔聚氨酯海綿骨架植入到磁流變塑性體中,制備出的MRE可以反復被拉伸和彎曲。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),MRE內(nèi)部的多孔骨架結構可以有效的分散對MRE施加的剪切力,能同時增大MRE的零場儲能模量和磁致模量。而多孔骨架的植入對MRE的阻尼性能幾乎沒有影響。該方法為增加MRE的磁致模量、提高MRE的力學性能提供了可行性方案,對MRE在工程上的應用方面意義重大。3、對MRE內(nèi)部三維網(wǎng)狀結構展開了一系拓展研究。將多孔海綿骨架上分別覆載導電碳納米管及銀納米線,系統(tǒng)研究了交聯(lián)度、應變和磁場對MRE電阻性能的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)MRE的電阻隨應變和磁場變化均能產(chǎn)生相應變化。研究表明：柔性的碳納米管對MRE的儲能模量和磁致模量都有增強作用。覆載碳納米管后MRE的導電性有極大提升,其電阻隨應變變化而連續(xù)有規(guī)律的變化。該特殊性能可以將MRE的應用范圍拓展到應變傳感器領域。而銀納米線對MRE的儲能模量和磁致模量都有降低作用,應綜合考慮其力學性能和電學性能。但由于銀納米線導電性好,MRE的電阻變化隨應變變化更加靈敏,且電阻能隨磁場變化而變化。因此研究銀納米線對MRE導電性影響意義重大,可以將MRE用作磁場傳感器。此外,本文還細致的研究了基體交聯(lián)度對MRE電阻性能的影響。上述研究拓展了MRE在傳感器領域的應用,具有十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is the dispersion of soft magnetic particles of micron to a kind of smart material compounded with viscoelastic polymer in a variable magnetic field on MRE, the mechanical properties change with the magnetic field strength of continuous, reversible changes, so it can be applied to vibration, noise, vibration etc. through modification of the matrix or modification can improve the mechanical properties of MRE soft magnetic particles, changing the modulus and damping properties, so the main research object is MRE matrix and dispersed phase particles. As a new type of intelligent composite materials, the structural design of MRE did not cause enough attention to the classic structure of.MRE the soft magnetic particles in the matrix of aligned chain structure. This structure is widely used in the MRE, but because of its lack of support chain structure in the matrix, when subjected to shear for the That is easy to be destroyed. Therefore, in order to make MRE with ideal storage modulus and magnetorheological effect, the structure design of MRE is very necessary and meaningful. This paper aims at the structure design of the composite material MRE, the three-dimensional network skeleton structure enhanced MRE, systematic study of the influence of skeleton structure on the performance of MRE the enhancement effect of matrix. The study of natural rubber matrix wettability on magnetic rheological properties of the rosin glyceride, using polyurethane sponge skeleton, limiting chain structure of MRE in the study of carbonyl iron skeleton, the carbon nanotubes and silver nanowires coated to the polyurethane foam skeleton, the response of the strain and resistance of MRE the magnetic field. The research work to improve the mechanical properties of MRE, extending the application of MRE to the sensor field. The specific contents are as follows: 1, the rosin glyceride is added to the natural rubber matrix to increase The dispersion matrix on the basis of iron and Smilax wettability and carboxyl iron powder, to enhance the mechanical properties of natural rubber matrix MRE. Under different magnetic field, strain and frequency conditions, studied the effect of wetting degree between matrix and carbonyl iron powder on the mechanical properties of MRE. Compared with the pure natural rubber matrix MRE, rosin glycerol ester natural rubber / interpenetrating network structure has better wetting properties of carbonyl iron powder, it can reduce MRE damping. Adding rosin glycerol ester can increase the magnetic modulus of MRE. This paper studies the influence of dispersion matrix on the wettability of carbonyl iron and carbonyl iron powder on the mechanical properties of MRE,.2 has a certain guiding role to improve the mechanical properties of MRE, the porous sponge structure into magnetorheological plastic body, preparation of magnetorheological composite materials. Focusing on the function of 3D limit skeleton on Magnetorheological composite materials of iron powder, three Dimensional skeleton implantation can greatly enhance the magnetic modulus and magnetorheological effect. The elastic porous polyurethane foam skeleton into magnetorheological plastic body, the prepared MRE can be repeated stretching and bending. The study found that porous structure of MRE can effectively disperse the internal shear force applied on MRE, modulus and magnetic modulus to zero field storage while increasing MRE. And the damping properties of porous implant of MRE has almost no effect. The method to increase the magnetic modulus of MRE, provides a feasible solution to improve the mechanical properties of MRE, the application of MRE to engineering significance in.3, launched a research and development a series of MRE internal three-dimensional network structure. The porous sponge skeleton respectively with carrying conductive carbon nanotubes and silver nanowires, studied crosslinking degree and the effect of strain and magnetic field on MRE resistance performance, with resistance MRE The strain and magnetic field changes can produce corresponding changes. The study shows that the flexibility of carbon nanotubes on the storage modulus of MRE and magnetic modulus are enhancement. The load of carbon nanotubes after the conductivity of MRE has greatly improved, and the resistance strain changes with continuous rule change. The special properties can be applied the MRE is extended to the strain sensor field. And the silver nanowires on the storage modulus of MRE and magnetic modulus decreased, should be considered for the mechanical and electrical properties. But because the silver nanowires with good conductivity and resistance change of MRE strain is more sensitive, and the resistance can change with the change of magnetic field. So the study of silver nanowires is significant influence on the conductivity of MRE, MRE can be used as a magnetic field sensor. In addition, this paper also studied effect of matrix crosslinking degree on MRE resistance performance. The study extends the MRE in sensing The application of the device field is of great significance.

【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：O37;TB381

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