本文關鍵詞：20世紀上半葉日本學者對中國數(shù)學史的研究　出處：《內蒙古師范大學》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 中國數(shù)學史 三上義夫 林鶴一 藤原松三郎 小倉金之助

【摘要】：20世紀上半葉日本學者對中國數(shù)學史的研究具有較高水平,無論是對內容的理解還是對方法論的創(chuàng)新,他們的研究在東亞乃至世界科學史界都具有引領作用。本文選取20世紀上半葉具有代表性的四位日本學者:三上義夫、林鶴一、藤原松三郎和小倉金之助為研究對象,通過考察他們有關中國數(shù)學史的研究及其主要成果,探討他們對中國數(shù)學史研究所產(chǎn)生的影響和深遠意義。本文在前人工作的基礎上,利用文獻研究法、個案研究法、比較研究法和綜合研究法,基于原始文獻,解讀了三上義夫、林鶴一、藤原松三郎和小倉金之助關于中國數(shù)學史研究的重要論著。本文共分六章。第1章緒論,說明了研究目的與意義、研究問題、文獻綜述、所采用的研究方法及擬創(chuàng)新之處。第2章論述了三上義夫對中國數(shù)學史的研究。通過對他的代表作《中日數(shù)學發(fā)達史》、《中國算學之特色》的介紹,基于他對《九章算術》劉徽注、宋元時期的天元術、四元術、招差法以及清代割圓術和《疇人傳》等的研究,對比中國學者的研究成果,分析三上的成就主要體現(xiàn)在:1、對中國數(shù)學史走向世界做了開創(chuàng)性工作。2、在一定程度上糾正了西方學者關于中國數(shù)學的某些偏見和科學史上“西方中心論”的錯誤觀點。3、對中國數(shù)學史的研究發(fā)揮了引領作用。4、三上對中算是和算的母體認識深刻,對和算與中算的關聯(lián)研究比較透徹。5、三上提出和實踐了從文化史視角研究數(shù)學史具有重要借鑒意義。第3章考察了林鶴一和藤原松三郎對中國數(shù)學史的研究工作。考察林鶴一對弧背綴術和圓周率的研究、對“幾何”和“代數(shù)”詞源的研究、對中國素數(shù)問題的研究,指出其成就主要體現(xiàn)在用現(xiàn)代數(shù)學來介紹中算成果,并將其與日本、西方的相關成果進行比較、聯(lián)系,指出林鶴一是從數(shù)學家的角度研究數(shù)學史的。梳理了藤原松三郎對《楊輝算法》和《算法統(tǒng)宗》中方程式解法的研究及其對宋元明數(shù)學史史料的研究。他的成就主要體現(xiàn)在:1、對中算典籍的整理,特別是宋元明數(shù)學史料的整理做出了貢獻,發(fā)現(xiàn)了我國未見到的史料《新鐫啟蒙便用九章算法全書》和《新鐫九龍易訣算法》。2、用現(xiàn)代數(shù)學對中算進行算法闡釋。第4章分析小倉金之助對中國數(shù)學史的研究。通過對小倉的論文《中國數(shù)學的特殊性》、《中國數(shù)學的社會性》、《極東數(shù)學國際化與產(chǎn)業(yè)革命》的分析,指出他的成就主要體現(xiàn)在:注重研究數(shù)學的社會性,從數(shù)學知識的研究演變到文化背景、社會史的研究,比中國同時代的數(shù)學史研究者的視野更加寬廣。第5章對日本學者的數(shù)學史研究方法進行了探討。概括出三上既從內史的角度研究中國數(shù)學史,又從文化史的角度研究和算史;林鶴一和藤原松三郎從內史的角度研究中國數(shù)學史;小倉首次從社會史的角度研究中國數(shù)學史。三上和小倉在方法論上的創(chuàng)新,在國際數(shù)學史界具有重要的意義。第6章為結語,對于四位學者研究中國數(shù)學史的動因、成就與不足、與我國學者的交流以及對中日學者的影響做了總結。主要結論如下:1.明治維新后,日本決定廢和算、學洋算,因而和算日益衰退。日本數(shù)學史家三上、數(shù)學家林鶴一、藤原,數(shù)學教育家小倉是在這種時代背景下研究和算的,某種意義上是為了保護民族傳統(tǒng)文化。他們的知識結構不同,所以他們的研究視角和研究方法不同。2.他們從事的現(xiàn)代意義上的中國數(shù)學史研究具有開創(chuàng)性,而從文化史的或社會史的視角來研究數(shù)學史,也屬于科學史領域外史研究方面的先驅性工作,在科學編史學方面具有重要意義。3.他們深厚的數(shù)學功底,較強的中文文獻解讀能力以及使用西方語言發(fā)表數(shù)學史論文對在世界范圍內傳播和推動中國數(shù)學史研究發(fā)揮了重要作用。4.他們與我國學者的交流,推動了中國數(shù)學史的研究。他們的研究工作對中日學者都產(chǎn)生了深遠影響。
[Abstract]:Study on the history of mathematics in the first half of the twentieth Century China Japanese scholars have higher level, whether it is the understanding of the content of the innovation of methodology, their research has a leading role in East Asia and the world history of science circles. This paper selects four representative of Japanese scholars in the first half of the twentieth Century: Mikami Yoshio, Lin an Fujiwara Matsumiro and Okura Kimnosuke, as the research object, through the investigation of their research on the history of mathematics Chinese and its major achievements, to explore the influence they produced to the research of the history of mathematics Chinese and far-reaching significance. Based on the former manual, using the literature research method, case study method, comparative study method and comprehensive research method, based on the original the interpretation of the literature, Mikami Yoshio, Lin, Fujiwara Matsumiro and Okura Kimnosuke on the important works in the history of Chinese mathematics. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter explains The purpose and significance of the research, research questions, literature review, research methods and innovations. The second chapter discusses the research on the history of mathematics China Mikami Yoshio. Through "Mathematics in the development history of his representative < >, > the Chinese characteristics of mathematics, based on his nine chapter arithmetic < > Liu Hui, the song and Yuan Dynasties, Tianyuan was four yuan, recruit graduate difference method and Qing cyclotomy and people pass the domain < >, research achievements of comparative analysis of three Chinese scholars, the achievement is mainly reflected in: 1, the history of mathematics to the world Chinese do pioneering work in.2. Extent corrected by western scholars China mathematics certain prejudices and the history of science," western center theory "views of.3, the study of the history of mathematics China played a leading role on the three.4, is the parent and a profound understanding of and an association study and comparison of calculation Through.5, three proposed and practice has important significance from the cultural history perspective on the history of mathematics. The third chapter reviews Lin and Fujiwara Matsumiro on the history of mathematics China research. Research on Lin Pi and back arc zhuishu, research on the "geometry" and "algebra" of etymology. The Chinese prime problem, pointing out its achievement is mainly reflected in the introduction to the results of modern mathematics, and the related achievements of western Japan, compared, pointed out that Lin one is to study the history of mathematics from the angle of mathematicians. The research on the algorithm of Yang Hui < > and < > in case of the algorithm the Fujiwara Matsumiro equations and the sort of Song Yuan Ming history of mathematics history. His achievement is mainly reflected in: 1, to calculate the classics finishing, especially mathematics Yuan Ming historical materials to make a contribution to our country found no The historical enlightenment for the new "juan nine chapter book" and "the new algorithm Juan Kowloon algorithm >.2 algorithm easy tactic, interpretation of modern mathematics is used to study the history of mathematics. China Okura Kimnosuke analysis of the fourth chapter. Through the particularity of the Chinese mathematics Ogura < >, < > social Chinese mathematics." analysis of East mathematics internationalization and industrial revolution ", pointed out that his achievement is mainly reflected in: pay attention to social research in mathematics, from the evolution of mathematical knowledge to the cultural background, the research of social history, history of mathematics Chinese than at the same time the broader horizons. The fifth chapter of Japanese scholars in the history of mathematics methods are discussed. Summarize three both from the point of the history of the study of history of mathematics Chinese, and from the angle of cultural history and history of Lin and Fujiwara Matsumiro; a study on the history of mathematics from the perspective of the history of China; for the first time from the angle of social history, Study on the history of mathematics. The three degree Chinese and Ogura innovation in methodology, has important significance in the history of the international mathematical community. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, motivation for the four scholars study China mathematics history, achievements and shortcomings, to communicate with Chinese scholars and influence on Chinese and Japanese scholars are summarized. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. after the Meiji Restoration, Japan's decision to scrap and count, and thus learn ocean is declining. Japanese historians of mathematics three, Lin Fujiwara, a mathematician, mathematics educator Ogura is research and practical in this era, the sense is to protect the traditional culture of ethnic groups. The structure of knowledge they are different, so the study of the history of mathematics study and the research methods of their different.2. they engaged in the modern China groundbreaking, and from cultural history or social history from the perspective of the history of mathematics, also belong to the field of history of Science Pioneering work on the history of the.3. has an important significance to their profound mathematical knowledge in the historiography of science, strong ability to interpret and use Chinese literature published papers on the history of mathematics in western language communication and plays an important role in their.4. and China's scholars to promote the study of history of mathematics Chinese exchanges in the world, to promote the study on the history of mathematics China. Their work had a far-reaching influence on Chinese and Japanese scholars.

【學位授予單位】：內蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：O11

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