本文關(guān)鍵詞：滇東北及其鄰區(qū)石炭紀(jì)—二疊紀(jì)紫松階下部層序地層學(xué)及古地理演化研究　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 滇東北 石炭紀(jì)-二疊紀(jì)早期 層序地層 沉積相 古地理

【摘要】：本文研究區(qū)位于云南省東北部與貴州西部交界位置,處于小江斷裂、紫云埡都斷裂和彌勒師宗斷裂所圍成的近似三角形構(gòu)造范圍中。本文的主要目標(biāo)是針對(duì)滇東北及其相鄰地區(qū)石炭紀(jì)海相碳酸鹽巖為主的沉積地層,開(kāi)展以層序地層為主的綜合地層學(xué)研究,建立并完善適用于全區(qū)的地層劃分系統(tǒng)；建立區(qū)內(nèi)石炭系-二疊系下統(tǒng)馬平組年代格架與海平面變化旋回曲線關(guān)系,進(jìn)而深刻認(rèn)識(shí)研究區(qū)石炭紀(jì)-早二疊世地層發(fā)育的特征與沉積體系的空間分布規(guī)律。結(jié)合地球化學(xué)等手段,在地層年代格架的基礎(chǔ)上,編制滇東北地區(qū)石炭紀(jì)-二疊紀(jì)早期層序巖相古地理圖,進(jìn)一步揭示研究區(qū)沉積演化過(guò)程與特征。本文取得的主要成果和認(rèn)識(shí)如下。(1)重新整理劃分研究區(qū)內(nèi)巖石地層,并總結(jié)巖石地層穿時(shí)性規(guī)律。研究區(qū)及周邊鄰區(qū)石炭系-二疊系下統(tǒng)發(fā)育較完全,涉及區(qū)域廣。在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,本文對(duì)研究區(qū)22條剖面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)野外觀測(cè),重新厘定區(qū)內(nèi)石炭紀(jì)的巖石地層單位,建立了統(tǒng)一的地層劃分方案,即將石炭系原來(lái)的三分(上統(tǒng)、中統(tǒng)、下統(tǒng))調(diào)整為二分(上統(tǒng)、下統(tǒng)),原石炭系巖關(guān)組下部的革老河組劃分到泥盆系中,原石炭系頂部馬平組為跨系地層；將石炭系-二疊系下統(tǒng)劃分為6個(gè)巖石地層單位,即：湯耙溝組、萬(wàn)壽山組、大塘組、擺佐組、威寧組、馬平組。同時(shí)總結(jié)石炭系-二疊系底部穿時(shí)性的規(guī)律,萬(wàn)壽山組和大塘組在盆地邊緣出現(xiàn)向上穿時(shí)的現(xiàn)象,擺佐組在盆地中部出現(xiàn)向下穿時(shí)的現(xiàn)象。(2)對(duì)各個(gè)地層的巖石學(xué)特征、顯微鏡下微相特征、碳酸鹽巖沉積地球化學(xué)測(cè)試結(jié)果和空間展布規(guī)律進(jìn)行分析。(1) Sr/Cu比值法研究表明會(huì)澤地區(qū)環(huán)境整體表現(xiàn)為逐漸干熱,雨碌地區(qū)環(huán)境整體表現(xiàn)為先干熱后溫濕而毛坪地區(qū)環(huán)境變化比較明顯,整體為先是干熱氣候后為溫濕氣候；(2) Sr/Ba比值法研究表明會(huì)澤和雨碌地區(qū)整體為咸水環(huán)境,毛坪地區(qū)水體鹽度變化較大,整體處于微咸水到半咸水環(huán)境,個(gè)別時(shí)期水體鹽度有明顯升高的變化；(3)V/(V+Ni)比值法和U/Th比值法綜合分析表明本區(qū)石炭紀(jì)-二疊紀(jì)早期總體上呈現(xiàn)出一種還原條件下的沉積環(huán)境,整體為貧氧環(huán)境(缺氧環(huán)境),威寧期水體中氧含量較低,水體中含氧量呈先下降后略上升的趨勢(shì),推測(cè)海平面屬于先上升后下降的變化趨勢(shì)。總結(jié)出區(qū)內(nèi)不同時(shí)期的沼澤相、開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地相、局限臺(tái)地相、臺(tái)內(nèi)淺灘相、臺(tái)地邊緣斜坡相分布格局,并在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上新識(shí)別出臺(tái)溝相和生物礁相。(3)在研究區(qū)石炭系-二疊系底部,共識(shí)別出SQ14、SQ15、 SQ16、 SQ18、SQ19共5個(gè)三級(jí)層序,相當(dāng)于晚古生代25個(gè)三級(jí)層序中的SQ14-SQ19。由于受到黔桂運(yùn)動(dòng)第一幕構(gòu)造抬升,海平面下降,風(fēng)化剝蝕的影響,缺失SQ17。同時(shí)識(shí)別出石英礫石層(SQ14與SQ15和SQ15與SQ16界面)、沉積相變面(如SQ18與SQ19界面)、古風(fēng)化殼(如SQ16與SQ18界面及它們的相關(guān)面)。通過(guò)古生物特征及海平面變化特征,建立了研究區(qū)石炭紀(jì)-二疊紀(jì)早期年代地層格架和層序地層格架。反映了三級(jí)層序的基本層序地層格架特征：具空間上相序的有序性和時(shí)間上環(huán)境變化的同步性。由于受到黔桂運(yùn)動(dòng)第一幕構(gòu)造抬升、海平面下降及風(fēng)化剝蝕的影響,確實(shí)SQ17層序。(4)根據(jù)等時(shí)層序地層格架,結(jié)合生物組合特征、沉積體系及體系域等研究成果,以單因素作圖、多因素分析的方法,選擇三級(jí)層序?yàn)閱卧L制5幅層序巖相古地理圖,并對(duì)研究區(qū)石炭紀(jì)-二疊紀(jì)早期層序巖相古地理演化進(jìn)行了分析。①湯耙溝期,研究區(qū)繼續(xù)表現(xiàn)為海退,大部分地區(qū)暴露在海平面之上,沉積范圍極小,主要為沿北西南東向的開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地相沉積,在紅路腳和二官營(yíng)兩處為局限臺(tái)地相沉積,礦山廠與者興上兩地為古島；②從萬(wàn)壽山期開(kāi)始,整個(gè)研究區(qū)進(jìn)入一個(gè)大范圍、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的海進(jìn)階段,主要沉積陸源碎屑物,該時(shí)期氣候溫濕,非常適合植物生長(zhǎng),特別是高大喬木,該時(shí)期地層多出現(xiàn)煤層。該時(shí)期以濱海沼澤相、混合潮坪相和局限臺(tái)地相沉積為主,沼澤相主要分布在萬(wàn)壽山組研究區(qū)東北部毛坪-白臘廠一帶和西南部初奈一帶,巖關(guān)階時(shí)期的開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地相地區(qū)變?yōu)榱司窒夼_(tái)地相,范圍有所縮小,其余的廣大地區(qū)為混合潮坪相,此時(shí)在威寧阻基出現(xiàn)一處古島。③大塘期基本繼承了萬(wàn)壽山期的沉積格局,海平面繼續(xù)向西北方向擴(kuò)張,康滇古陸和揚(yáng)子古陸范圍縮小,開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地大為發(fā)育；④擺佐期-威寧期,海平面達(dá)到石炭紀(jì)-早二疊紀(jì)時(shí)期的最大值,海侵范圍在區(qū)內(nèi)也達(dá)到最廣。由于受到構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響,此時(shí)研究區(qū)內(nèi)海底地形復(fù)雜,整體表現(xiàn)為由西到東海水逐漸變深,東部深水臺(tái)盆位置為區(qū)內(nèi)最深,臺(tái)盆相、臺(tái)地相、礁灘相等沉積模式均有體現(xiàn),并以威寧-水城地區(qū)東南方向的深水臺(tái)盆為中心向兩邊對(duì)稱分布,從古陸向臺(tái)盆方向出現(xiàn)局限臺(tái)地、開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地、臺(tái)地邊緣斜坡三個(gè)相帶,在這三個(gè)相帶中阻基、二官營(yíng)、桃園表現(xiàn)為孤立臺(tái)地沉積環(huán)境；⑤達(dá)馬平期的海退階段始于黔桂運(yùn)動(dòng)第一幕構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng),由于受到構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響,陸地開(kāi)始抬升,出現(xiàn)明顯的海平面下降的現(xiàn)象；由于黔桂運(yùn)動(dòng)第二幕構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)影響較大,陸地出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)明顯的抬升,沉積環(huán)境發(fā)生了明顯的變化,海陸格局發(fā)生了重大的變化,沉積環(huán)境由之前的海相環(huán)境轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱岁懴喹h(huán)境。⑥在威寧期,沉積相帶分布變化不大,在靠近古陸地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了淺灘相,阻基與桃園古島消失,二官營(yíng)孤立臺(tái)地依然存在。⑦在小獨(dú)山階-紫松階時(shí)期,海平面下降,北部海改地以北地區(qū)暴露在海平面以上,礦山廠大竹園、二官營(yíng)、初奈-秧田沖一帶為淺灘相,臺(tái)盆消失變?yōu)殚_(kāi)闊臺(tái)地,大部分地區(qū)由于海平面的下降變?yōu)榫窒夼_(tái)地相。(5)根據(jù)構(gòu)造控盆、盆控相理論,結(jié)合古地理及構(gòu)造演化查明了盆地演化過(guò)程。研究區(qū)受到紫云-羅甸-南丹裂陷帶構(gòu)造的控制,導(dǎo)致盆地內(nèi)部地形及古環(huán)境受到一定的影響。該構(gòu)造帶在石炭紀(jì)-二疊紀(jì)早期處于較明顯的拉張陷落期。研究區(qū)盆地演化主要分為兩個(gè)階段：①第一個(gè)階段拉張陷落期。繼泥盆紀(jì)海退之后,該裂陷帶再次拉張,地殼因拉張而再度沉陷,研究區(qū)處于同構(gòu)造帶上,亦保持了北西向展布。受此影響,在威寧地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了地殼拉張陷落,形成威寧臺(tái)溝,在大塘組頂部出現(xiàn)的玄武巖說(shuō)明此時(shí)該構(gòu)造帶正處于拉張期。此時(shí)期海侵?jǐn)U大,區(qū)內(nèi)主要由局限臺(tái)地、開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地、臺(tái)緣斜坡和臺(tái)溝相組成。②第二階段為拉張靜止的斷陷填充期。由于受到外界構(gòu)造影響,加之海平面下降,斷陷臺(tái)溝被沉積物充填,使得函內(nèi)沉積區(qū)范圍減小,臺(tái)溝表現(xiàn)不明顯,臺(tái)內(nèi)淺灘相和生物礁相發(fā)育。區(qū)內(nèi)主要由局限臺(tái)地、開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地、顆粒臺(tái)內(nèi)淺灘、生物礁及臺(tái)溝相組成。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the study area is located in the northeast of Yunnan province and Guizhou at the junction of the western position in the Xiaojiang Fault, similar to Ziyun yadu fault and Maitreya Shizong fault surrounded by the triangle area. The main goal of this paper is aimed at the sedimentary strata of Carboniferous marine carbonate rocks in northeastern Yunnan Province and its adjacent areas mainly, carry out a comprehensive study on stratigraphic sequence stratigraphy. The stratigraphic division, establish and perfect the system for the establishment of the region; Permian in Carboniferous - lower Ma Ping group's framework and sea-level change cycle curve, and a profound understanding of the research area of Carboniferous Early Permian strata characteristics and sedimentary system development spatial distribution. Combined with the geochemical means. Based on the stratigraphic framework, establishment of Carboniferous Early Permian in Northeast Yunnan sequence paleogeography, further reveal the sedimentary modeling The process and characteristics. The main achievements are as follows. (1) re division of the study area of rock strata, and summed up the rock strata wear regularity. Study on Carboniferous Permian area and the surrounding neighborhood system under the system development is complete, involving a wide area. On the basis of previous research results in this paper. Detailed field observations of 22 profiles in study area, the redefinition of lithostratigraphic units in Carboniferous, established the stratigraphic division of the Carboniferous is uniform, the original three points (upper, middle, lower) was adjusted to two points (upper and lower), the original stone carbon rock group is closed the old leather group into the Devonian, Carboniferous Maping stone top cross strata; the Carboniferous Lower Permian is divided into 6 lithostratigraphic units, namely: tangbagou group, longevity hill group, Datang Group, baizuo group, Weining group, Ma Ping group. At the same time of Carboniferous - two The regularity of Triassic bottom wear, longevity hill group and Datang Group at the edge of the basin to wear on the phenomenon of baizuo group down wear phenomenon in the central basin. (2) the petrological characteristics of each stratum under the microscope, micro facies characteristics, sedimentary geochemistry of carbonate rock and test results the spatial distribution was analyzed. (1) study Sr/Cu ratio method show that the Huize region environment for the overall performance of dry heat environment gradually, Yu Lu region as a whole for the first performance after the dry temperature and humidity and Maoping regional environmental change is more obvious, the overall for the first climate after a warm and humid climate; (2) research shows that Sr/Ba ratio method the whole Huize and Yu Lu area water environment. The Maoping area water salinity is larger, overall in the brackish water to brackish water environment, water salinity has increased significantly during the period of individual changes; (3) V/ (V+Ni) synthesis ratio method and U/Th ratio method Analysis shows that the area of Carboniferous Early Permian shows a sedimentary environment under the condition of reduction, the whole oxygen poor environment (hypoxia), Weining water in lower oxygen content decreased first and then increased slightly the oxygen content in the water, it is concluded that the change trend of sea level is increased first and then decreased summed up the area in different periods. The swamp facies open platform facies, restricted platform facies, platform shoal facies, platform margin slope facies distribution pattern, and on the basis of previous research to identify new introduction channel facies and reef facies. (3) in the study area of Carboniferous Permian bottom, and identified SQ14. SQ15, SQ16, SQ18, SQ19 a total of 5 three level sequence, equivalent to 25 three level sequence of Late Paleozoic in SQ14-SQ19. due to the movement of the first scene in Guizhou and Guangxi tectonic uplift, sea-level fall, effects of weathering and erosion, loss of SQ17. and identify the quartz gravels (SQ14 and SQ 15 and SQ15 and SQ16 interface), sedimentary facies change surfaces (such as SQ18 and SQ19 interface), palaeoweathering crust (such as SQ16 and SQ18 interface and their associated surface). By palaeobio characteristics and sea level changes, the study area was established in Early Carboniferous Permian stratigraphic framework and sequence stratigraphic framework. Reflects the basic sequence stratigraphic characteristics of the three grade sequence: simultaneous environmental changes in order and time with space sequence. Due to the movement of the first act of tectonic uplift, sea-level decline and weathering and denudation, indeed SQ17 sequence. (4) according to the isochronous stratigraphic framework, combined with biological a combination of features, sedimentary systems and system tracts and other research results, using single factor mapping method of multi factor analysis, three grade sequence draw 5 pieces of sequence paleogeographic map as a unit, and the research area of Carboniferous Early Permian sequence paleogeographic evolution. The analysis of the tangbagou period. The study area, continue to behave as regressive, most areas exposed above the sea level, the deposition scope of minimum, mainly for the open platform along the North East to southwest sedimentary facies of the two battalion is restricted platform facies in the Red Road foot and two officer, and Xing mining factory the two ancient island; from the beginning of the longevity hill, the entire study area into a large range of transgression stage a long time, the main sedimentary period of terrigenous detritus, the climate is moist, very suitable for the growth of plants, especially the tall trees, the formation period appeared in this period in coal seam. The coastal marsh dominated. Mixed tidal flat facies and restricted platform facies and swamp facies are mainly distributed in the northeast region of Longevity Hill Group Mao Ping - white wax factory area and southwest area at the beginning of Nai yanguanian period, open platform facies are area to restricted platform facies, has narrowed the scope of the rest Large areas of mixed tidal flat facies, appears in Weining base resistance of an ancient island. The Tang period basically inherited the sedimentary pattern of Longevity Hill period, sea level continued to expand to the northwest, Kangdian ancient land and Yangtze narrow, open platform for development; the baizuo during Weining period. The maximum sea level reached in the Carboniferous Early Permian period, the transgression of the sea in the region has reached the most widely. Under the influence of the tectonic movement, the study area of seabed topography, the overall performance from west to east sea becomes deep gradually, the eastern area in the deep-water basin location for deep basin facies, platform facies. Reef facies patterns are reflected, and to the southeast of Weining Shuicheng area of deep-water basin as the center to symmetrical distribution, from the land to the direction of basin restricted platform, open platform, platform margin slope facies in three, the three phase belt In the resistance group, two battalion officer, Taoyuan showed isolated platform sedimentary environment; the regression stage began in the period of Ma Ping Qiangui movement the first act of tectonic movement, under the influence of the tectonic movement, the land began to rise, the sea decreased significantly due to movement of the phenomenon; Guizhou second episodic tectonic movement affected land a significant uplift, change of sedimentary environment, major changes in sea land, sedimentary environment before the marine environment changes to the terrestrial environment. In Weining period, sedimentary facies distribution changed little in the near ancient regions of the shoal facies, base resistance and Taoyuan ancient island disappeared two, Guan Ying isolated platform still exists in Dushan. The stage of small order - Purple pine, sea-level fall, North sea change in north area exposed above sea level, Dazhu mining plant garden, two Guan Ying, early seedling - Chong Nai The area disappeared into shallow facies, basin open platform, most areas due to the fall of sea level into the restricted platform (5). According to the tectonic control basin, basin facies controlling theory, basin evolution process to identify the combination of Palaeogeography and tectonic evolution. The study area by the Ziyun - Luodian - Nandan rift zone structure control the interior of the basin, resulting in topography and ancient environment influenced. The tectonic belt in the Carboniferous Early Permian in obvious extensional collapse. The basin evolution is mainly divided into two stages: the first stage of extensional collapse following the Devonian period. After regression, the rift belt tension again, the crust due to a re subsidence, the study area in the syntectonic belt, also keep the NW trending. Affected by this, in the Weining area of the crustal extension collapse, Weining Taiwan ditch, appeared on the big pond at the top of the Xuan Wuyan group In extensional tectonic belt. The transgression zone expanded, mainly by the restricted platform, open platform, platform margin slope and ditch. The second stage is composed of static tension faulted filled period. Due to the external structure influence, coupled with sea-level fall, faulted sedimentary filling by Taiwan ditch the letter, deposited in the zone reduced, Taiwan ditch performance is not obvious, Taiwan facies and reef shoal facies. The area is mainly composed of restricted platform, open platform, platform particles shoal, reef and Taiwan ditch.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P539.2;P534.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李文厚;陳強(qiáng);李智超;王若谷;王妍;馬瑤;;鄂爾多斯地區(qū)早古生代巖相古地理[J];古地理學(xué)報(bào);2012年01期

2 楊國(guó)臣;于炳松;;層序地層學(xué)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及其學(xué)科地位與研究前沿[J];石油地質(zhì)與工程;2009年02期

3 梅冥相;馬永生;鄧軍;張海;孟曉慶;陳永紅;聶瑞貞;張從;;上揚(yáng)子區(qū)下古生界層序地層格架的初步研究[J];現(xiàn)代地質(zhì);2005年04期

4 梅冥相,馬永生,鄧軍,初漢民,劉智榮,張海;滇黔桂盆地及其鄰區(qū)石炭紀(jì)至二疊紀(jì)層序地層格架及三級(jí)海平面變化的全球?qū)Ρ萚J];中國(guó)地質(zhì);2005年01期

5 田景春,陳洪德,覃建雄,侯中健,侯明才,彭軍;層序—巖相古地理圖及其編制[J];地球科學(xué)與環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2004年01期

6 顧家裕;范土芝;;層序地層學(xué)回顧與展望[J];海相油氣地質(zhì);2001年04期

7 侯中健,陳洪德,田景春,覃建雄,彭軍;層序巖相古地理編圖在巖相古地理分析中的應(yīng)用[J];成都理工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2001年04期

8 陳明,萬(wàn)方,尹福光;滇黔桂地區(qū)晚震旦世陡山沱期構(gòu)造-層序巖相古地理[J];沉積與特提斯地質(zhì);2001年01期

9 趙國(guó)連;層序地層學(xué)的研究現(xiàn)狀[J];沉積與特提斯地質(zhì);2000年03期

10 賈振遠(yuǎn),蔡忠賢;成巖地層學(xué)與層序地層學(xué)[J];地球科學(xué);1997年05期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 許杰;塔里木盆地上泥盆統(tǒng)—石炭系層序地層學(xué)研究[D];中南大學(xué);2009年

2 倪新鋒;疊合盆地構(gòu)造—層序巖相古地理演化及成藏效應(yīng)[D];成都理工大學(xué);2007年

3 鄭寬兵;滇黔桂地區(qū)二疊系—三疊系層序地層格架研究[D];中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2005年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 徐寶亮;華北地區(qū)晚中生代古氣候研究[D];成都理工大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：1359440