本文選題：阿達瑪變換　切入點：近紅外光譜儀　出處：《中國科學院長春光學精密機械與物理研究所》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：近紅外分析方法以其快速性,非破壞性,準確性等特點,已經廣泛應用于定性和定量的成分分析多個行業(yè)。近紅外光譜儀作為光譜獲取設備,它的類型也有多種,應用最廣泛的有傅立葉變換型和光柵分光型。傅立葉變換型光譜儀具有高分辨率、高信噪比的特點適合于實驗室使用,光柵分光型光譜儀又主要有掃描光柵加上單點探測器的結構和固定光柵加上線陣探測器的結構這兩種類型。單點探測器結構的速度較慢,適合速度要求不高的場合,如農產品的成分分析,而線陣探測器結構的速度較快,適合過程控制中使用。隨著數(shù)字微鏡陣列器件(Digital Micro-mirror Device,DMD)的出現(xiàn),一種光柵分光、單點探測器檢測信號、DMD進行光譜波長選通和調制、并且采用阿達瑪變換來提高信噪比的光譜儀出現(xiàn)了,這種光譜儀綜合性能卓越,價格優(yōu)勢明顯。本文圍繞著基于DMD的阿達瑪變換光譜儀的關鍵的技術進行了研究。首先,按照儀器中的噪聲產生的位置,將儀器的噪聲分成了阿達瑪編碼前和編碼后的噪聲,詳細推導了S矩陣、S互補矩陣、H互補矩陣等阿達瑪編碼矩陣的編碼模板對編碼前和編碼后噪聲抑制的比例系數(shù),進行了MATLAB仿真,驗證了推導結果的正確性。對比了多位學者的分析結果,說明了多位學者分析結果一致性和不一致性的原因。第二,設計和制作了基于DLP4500NIR型號DMD的近紅外光譜儀,包括光學設計參數(shù),電路設計方案,軟件方案等內容。裝調出了多臺光譜儀樣機,對多臺樣機進行了關鍵指標的測試。特別地,在對光譜儀的波長絕對值標定存在困難時,提出了基于吸光度曲線相關度的波長標定方法,使得不同樣機之間的波長臺間差在理論上小于0.2nm,符合模型轉移的要求。第三,按照設計的光譜儀的參數(shù),詳細計算和測試了光譜儀的各種噪聲。計算了電路噪聲,光子噪聲,測試了光源波動和背景噪聲。指出光子噪聲在本光譜儀可以忽略,并且提出了光源波動引起噪聲的處理方法。最后,提出了各種阿達瑪矩陣模板應用于阿達瑪變換方法改善信噪比的條件,給出了光源噪聲和探測器電路噪聲應該滿足的關系。分別測試了基于H互補矩陣、S矩陣、S互補矩陣等3種阿達瑪變換方法在強光條件和弱光條件下對信噪比改善比例的數(shù)據(jù),指出S矩陣具有最好的性能,但是在強光條件下的性能不如掃描方法。利用DMD可以調制光譜輻射幅值的特點,提出了恒功率S矩陣阿達瑪模板,使得應用阿達瑪方法時不論在強光條件下還是弱光條件下都能改善儀器的信噪比。
[Abstract]:Near-infrared analysis (NIR) has been widely used in qualitative and quantitative component analysis for its rapidity, nondestructive and accuracy.As a spectral acquisition device, Near-infrared spectrometer has a variety of types, the most widely used are Fourier transform type and grating type.Fourier transform spectrometer has the characteristics of high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio.There are two types of grating spectrometer: the structure of scanning grating and single point detector and the structure of fixed grating and linear array detector.The structure of single point detector is slow, which is suitable for the situation where the speed requirement is not high, such as the composition analysis of agricultural products, while the speed of linear detector structure is faster, which is suitable for use in process control.With the emergence of digital micromirror array device Digital Micro-mirror device, a kind of spectrometer, which uses grating to separate light, detects signal by single point detector, switches and modulates spectrum wavelength, and uses Adama transform to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) has appeared.This spectrometer has excellent comprehensive performance and obvious price advantage.The key technology of Adama transform spectrometer based on DMD is studied in this paper.First of all, according to the location of the noise in the instrument, the noise of the instrument is divided into the noise before and after the encoding of Adama.The scale coefficients of Adama coding matrix, such as S matrix and S complementary matrix and H complementary matrix, for noise suppression before and after coding are derived in detail. The MATLAB simulation is carried out to verify the correctness of the derived results.The analysis results of many scholars are compared, and the reasons of consistency and inconsistency are explained.Secondly, the near infrared spectrometer based on DLP4500NIR model DMD is designed and fabricated, including optical design parameters, circuit design scheme, software scheme and so on.Several spectrometer prototypes are installed and tested.In particular, when it is difficult to calibrate the absolute wavelength of spectrometer, a wavelength calibration method based on the correlation of absorbance curve is proposed, which makes the wavelength difference between different prototypes less than 0.2 nm theoretically, which meets the requirements of model transfer.Thirdly, according to the parameters of the designed spectrometer, the noise of the spectrometer is calculated and tested in detail.Circuit noise, photon noise, light source fluctuation and background noise are calculated.It is pointed out that the photon noise can be neglected in this spectrometer, and a method to deal with the noise caused by the fluctuation of light source is proposed.Finally, the condition of using various Adama matrix templates to improve SNR is proposed, and the relationship between the noise of the light source and the noise of the detector circuit is given.Three kinds of Adama transformation methods based on H complementary matrix and S matrix and S complementary matrix are tested to improve the SNR ratio under the condition of strong light and weak light respectively. It is pointed out that S matrix has the best performance.But the performance under the strong light condition is inferior to the scanning method.Using the characteristic that DMD can modulate the amplitude of spectral radiation, a constant power S-matrix Adama template is proposed, which can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the instrument under the condition of strong light or low light.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學院長春光學精密機械與物理研究所
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH744.1

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 王建宏;王志斌;張記龍;王明;;基于阿達瑪變換提高激光告警系統(tǒng)信噪比的研究[J];光學與光電技術;2008年02期

2 吳繼宗,韓一平,鄧家誠,張復禮,陳本智;阿達瑪變換成像光譜術的研究[J];光學學報;1987年03期

3 陳安世;李迪;周仁忠;;光學阿達瑪編碼技術原理的一種新描述[J];太原機械學院學報;1993年01期

4 張慶,葉虎年;最大通量阿達瑪變換成像術研究[J];華中理工大學學報;1997年05期

5 張慶,葉虎年;最大通量“阿達瑪變換”成像術研究[J];計量與測試技術;1997年04期

6 唐宏武,周錦松,李濤,陳觀銓;阿達瑪變換光譜和成像技術的應用和研究進展[J];分析化學;2005年03期

7 王建宏;王志斌;張記龍;;阿達瑪變換在激光告警技術中的應用[J];應用光學;2008年03期

8 葉虎年;葉梅;楊新立;;阿達瑪變換光學成像[J];全國新書目;2013年12期

9 范玉;吳一輝;宣明;張平;周連群;莊須葉;;應用二維微硅片狹縫陣列的阿達瑪光譜儀[J];光學精密工程;2009年11期

10 李凱;石磊;曾立波;吳瓊水;;一種數(shù)字微鏡控制的近紅外阿達瑪變換光譜儀[J];華中科技大學學報(自然科學版);2012年10期

相關會議論文 前3條

1 徐昊;何悅;陳澤忠;唐宏武;吳瓊水;;阿達瑪變換顯微近紅外光譜成像系統(tǒng)[A];第十屆中國化學會分析化學年會暨第十屆全國原子光譜學術會議論文摘要集[C];2009年

2 ;埃塞阿達瑪風電二期工程首戰(zhàn)告捷[A];《風電技術》2013年08月第4期（總第40期）[C];2013年

3 徐昊;李瑩;劉春梅;唐宏武;;阿達瑪變換光譜成像顯微鏡及應用[A];中國化學會第26屆學術年會分析化學分會場論文集[C];2008年

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 許家林;基于DMD的阿達瑪變換近紅外光譜儀關鍵技術研究[D];中國科學院長春光學精密機械與物理研究所;2017年

2 范玉;基于MEMS的全固態(tài)雙增益阿達瑪光譜儀關鍵技術研究[D];中國科學院研究生院（長春光學精密機械與物理研究所）;2010年

相關碩士學位論文 前4條

1 遲明波;二維陣列狹縫阿達瑪光譜儀關鍵技術研究[D];中國科學院研究生院（長春光學精密機械與物理研究所）;2012年

2 張攀博;阿達瑪變換光譜儀中編碼模板的研究[D];長春理工大學;2009年

3 王建宏;基于阿達瑪（Hadamard）變換的激光告警機信噪比增強技術研究[D];中北大學;2008年

4 李濤;阿達瑪變換顯微鏡在單細胞成像分析中的應用[D];武漢大學;2004年

，

本文編號：1720230