纓翅目昆蟲比較線粒體基因組學研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-26 08:18
【摘要】：纓翅目昆蟲俗稱薊馬,在世界范圍內廣泛分布。一些植食性種類可對農作物造成直接危害,或傳播植物病毒,如世界性檢疫害蟲西花薊馬Frankliniella occidentalis,是農業(yè)生產的嚴重威脅。纓翅目包含2亞目8科約700屬近6000種,目前僅有薊馬科內的6種線粒體全基因組完成測定,其線粒體基因組的進化速率和基因重排程度均顯著高于大多數昆蟲,僅次于虱目昆蟲;其中茶黃硬薊馬Scirtothrips dorsalis的南亞種群1(SA1)還發(fā)現了線粒體基因組的裂化現象。為進一步研究纓翅目線粒體基因組結構的多樣性和進化規(guī)律,本研究通過PCR擴增和高通量測序方法測定2亞目3科4屬4種薊馬的線粒體基因組全序列,這4種薊馬分別是玉米黃呆薊馬Anaphothrips obscurus、美洲棘薊馬Echinothrips amerianus、帶紋薊馬Desmothrips sp.和面靈薊馬Idolothrips spectrum。結合GenBank公布數據,本研究對纓翅目內3科9個種的線粒體基因組進行了比較基因組學與系統(tǒng)進化分析,結果表明:(1)纓翅目線粒體基因組的大小在14.6 kb-15.7kb,主要由不同物種線粒體基因組非編碼區(qū)(控制區(qū))的數量和長度的差異導致;普遍具有較高的AT含量,在74.8-92.5%范圍內。(2)纓翅目線粒體基因組裂化現象不具有普遍性,僅在茶黃硬薊馬SA1中發(fā)現線粒體基因組裂化為2個環(huán)狀基因組,其余測定的薊馬線粒體基因組均為單環(huán),包含37個編碼基因。(3)纓翅目線粒體基因組的基因排列方式多樣,每個測序的物種都發(fā)生了高度的基因重排并具有自己獨特的基因排列方式,同屬的不同物種間的基因排列方式都存在差異;與節(jié)肢動物的祖先基因排列方式相比,薊馬線粒體基因組中只發(fā)現了2個保守的基因簇(ATP8-ATP6和ND5-tRNAHis-ND4-ND4L),且各物種基因排序與節(jié)肢動物祖先基因排序的斷點距離(breakpoints)在27-33之間,可見該類昆蟲線粒體基因重排程度之高。(4)纓翅目線粒體基因組的基因重排程度的差異性與物種間的親緣關系存在聯(lián)系。親緣關系越遠的物種之間,基因重排的差異程度越高,如管尾亞目與鋸尾亞目物種間基因排序的斷點距離為29-34,鋸尾亞目科間物種基因排序的斷點距離為22-28,薊馬科內屬間物種基因排序的斷點距離為9-25,而花薊馬屬內物種基因排序的斷點距離為5。本研究補充了 4種薊馬的線粒體全基因組的數據,對纓翅目線粒體基因組從大小,組成和結構方面進行了比較分析,重建并驗證了此前纓翅目內的系統(tǒng)發(fā)育關系,對于纓翅目線粒體基因組的進化的理解提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:Tassel insects, commonly known as thrips, are widely distributed all over the world. Some phytophagous species can cause direct harm to crops or spread plant viruses, such as Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide quarantine pest, is a serious threat to agricultural production. Tasseloptera contains nearly 6000 species belonging to 700 families and 2 suborders. At present, only 6 species of mtDNA in thrips have been determined, and the evolution rate and gene rearrangement degree of mtDNA are significantly higher than those of most insects, second only to lice insects, and the cracking phenomenon of mtDNA was also found in South Asia population 1 (SA1) of Scirtothrips dorsalis. In order to further study the diversity and evolution of mitochondrial genome structure, the complete mtDNA sequence of 4 species of thrips belonging to 4 genus and 3 families of 2 suborders was determined by PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing. These four thrips are Anaphothrips obscurus, American thrips Echinothrips amerianus, striped thrips sp.. And noodle thrips Idolothrips spectrum. Based on the data published by GenBank, the comparative genomes and phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA of 3 families and 9 species were carried out in this study. The results showed that: (1) the size of mtDNA in 14.6 kb-15.7kb, was mainly caused by the difference of the number and length of noncoding regions (control regions) of mtDNA in different species; The content of AT was generally high, in the range of 74.8 鈮，
本文編號：2506052
[Abstract]:Tassel insects, commonly known as thrips, are widely distributed all over the world. Some phytophagous species can cause direct harm to crops or spread plant viruses, such as Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide quarantine pest, is a serious threat to agricultural production. Tasseloptera contains nearly 6000 species belonging to 700 families and 2 suborders. At present, only 6 species of mtDNA in thrips have been determined, and the evolution rate and gene rearrangement degree of mtDNA are significantly higher than those of most insects, second only to lice insects, and the cracking phenomenon of mtDNA was also found in South Asia population 1 (SA1) of Scirtothrips dorsalis. In order to further study the diversity and evolution of mitochondrial genome structure, the complete mtDNA sequence of 4 species of thrips belonging to 4 genus and 3 families of 2 suborders was determined by PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing. These four thrips are Anaphothrips obscurus, American thrips Echinothrips amerianus, striped thrips sp.. And noodle thrips Idolothrips spectrum. Based on the data published by GenBank, the comparative genomes and phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA of 3 families and 9 species were carried out in this study. The results showed that: (1) the size of mtDNA in 14.6 kb-15.7kb, was mainly caused by the difference of the number and length of noncoding regions (control regions) of mtDNA in different species; The content of AT was generally high, in the range of 74.8 鈮，
本文編號：2506052
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