【摘要】：隨著奶牛養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,奶牛養(yǎng)殖廢水大量產(chǎn)生,給附近生態(tài)環(huán)境和居民健康造成了嚴(yán)重危害。為了產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,需要努力實(shí)現(xiàn)奶牛養(yǎng)殖廢水的無害化、資源化和減量化處理。微藻培養(yǎng)的污水處理技術(shù)的出現(xiàn),為實(shí)現(xiàn)奶牛養(yǎng)殖廢水的無害化處理、資源化利用提供了可能,但如何降低微藻的培養(yǎng)成本是實(shí)現(xiàn)微藻燃料商業(yè)化發(fā)展的重中之重。微藻培養(yǎng)的污水處理技術(shù)將水質(zhì)凈化與高價值生物質(zhì)的生產(chǎn)相耦合,實(shí)現(xiàn)污水處理由處理工藝向生產(chǎn)工藝的轉(zhuǎn)變。藻種的篩選和培養(yǎng)體系的構(gòu)建是成功實(shí)現(xiàn)此處理技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵。本論文從石家莊本地自然水體和某奶牛養(yǎng)殖廢水中采集樣品,經(jīng)過BG11培養(yǎng)基富集,平板劃線分離得到21株不同的微藻。利用奶牛養(yǎng)殖廢水進(jìn)行馴化和篩選,得到能在廢水中生長、生物量較高的Z4-3。根據(jù)形態(tài)學(xué)和分子生物學(xué)鑒定,初步鑒定為小球藻。通過單因素和正交實(shí)驗(yàn)優(yōu)化了Z4-3的生長因素,表明其最佳的培養(yǎng)條件為溫度27±2℃,光照強(qiáng)度2500Lux,初始pH=7,光照周期20∶4(光∶暗,h),接種量6%(v/v);以BG11培養(yǎng)基為基礎(chǔ),調(diào)整NaNO3濃度為17.6mmol/L,K2HPO4濃度為0.18mmol/L,Z4-3的生物量可達(dá)到3.21g/L。初步研究了Z4-3在奶牛養(yǎng)殖廢水中的生長情況,以及廢水pH、化學(xué)需氧量、總氮、總磷等指標(biāo)的變化情況。結(jié)果表明,藻株Z4-3能夠在5倍稀釋后的廢水中生長,生物量可達(dá)到6.2g/L(10d);藻株Z4-3的生長代謝對廢水的pH的影響不大,對化學(xué)需氧量、總氮、總磷的去除率分別可以達(dá)到約59.22%(16d)、59.25%(16d)、54.24%(16d)。對藻株Z4-3進(jìn)行常壓室溫等離子誘變,在30s時其致死率達(dá)到95%,篩選出的優(yōu)勢藻株,發(fā)現(xiàn)其在誘變后的生物量為7.91g/L,是藻株Z4-3的1.41倍。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of dairy cattle breeding industry, the waste water from dairy cattle breeding has been produced in large quantities, which has caused serious harm to the ecological environment and the health of residents nearby. For the sustainable development of the industry, it is necessary to realize the harmless, resource and reduced treatment of dairy cattle wastewater. The emergence of wastewater treatment technology for microalgae culture provides the possibility for the harmless treatment and utilization of dairy cow culture wastewater, but how to reduce the cost of microalgae culture is the most important to realize the commercialization development of microalgae fuel. The wastewater treatment technology of microalgae culture coupled the purification of water quality with the production of high value biomass, and realized the transformation of wastewater treatment from treatment process to production process. The selection of algae species and the construction of culture system are the key to the successful implementation of this treatment technology. In this paper, 21 strains of microalgae were isolated from the natural water of Shijiazhuang and the wastewater from a dairy cow culture. The samples were enriched by BG11 medium and separated by plate marking. Z4-3, which can grow in the wastewater and has a higher biomass, was obtained by domestication and screening of dairy cattle wastewater. According to morphological and molecular biological identification, Chlorella microphylla was identified as Chlorella microphylla. The growth factors of Z4-3 were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the optimum culture conditions were as follows: temperature 27 鹵2 鈩，

本文編號：2387682