【摘要】：璧山區(qū)的人均水資源量為559立方米,僅為全國的四分之一。水庫作為重要的水資源儲備工程,現(xiàn)在已成為了璧山區(qū)最重要的供水來源。但從已掌握的數(shù)據(jù)來看璧山區(qū)各個水庫都受到不同程度的污染,對水庫進行水質監(jiān)測與治理刻不容緩。本文選擇的四座水庫都是璧山區(qū)具有代表性的重要水庫,且囊括了多種類型的水庫,對這四座不同類型的水庫進行浮游植物群落結構特征與環(huán)境因子的研究能較全面的展示璧山水庫的健康狀況。結果表明:1.本次研究在四座水庫中共發(fā)現(xiàn)浮游植物8門386種(含變種),其中綠藻門182種,硅藻門100種,藍藻門57種,裸藻門20種,甲藻門12種,金藻門7種,隱藻門6種,黃藻門2種。四座水庫中僅在同心水庫發(fā)現(xiàn)過全部8個門類的浮游植物,雙魚水庫全年未發(fā)現(xiàn)金藻,柯家橋水庫和鹽井河水庫全年均未發(fā)現(xiàn)黃藻。2.四座水庫全年的優(yōu)勢種均主要為藍藻,其中偽魚腥藻、微囊藻和顫藻等為四個水庫全年均常見的優(yōu)勢種。此外布朗葡萄藻在8月為鹽井河水庫中優(yōu)勢度較高的種類,水華束絲藻在3月為鹽井河水庫中優(yōu)勢度較高的種類,小環(huán)藻在3月為柯家橋水庫中優(yōu)勢度較高的種類,小球藻在3月為同心水庫中優(yōu)勢度較高的種類。3.進行水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖的雙魚水庫是四座水庫中富營養(yǎng)化程度最高的一座水庫。在8月雙魚水庫達到了重度富營養(yǎng)的水平,其余月份也處于中度富營養(yǎng)水平�？录覙蛩畮烊旮粻I養(yǎng)程度較為均衡,皆為中度富營養(yǎng)化。作為飲用水源地的同心水庫與鹽井河水庫富營養(yǎng)程度相對較低,同心水庫在8月和3月達到中度富營養(yǎng)水平,12月與6月為輕度富營養(yǎng)水平。鹽井河水庫在8月和12月基本處于中營養(yǎng)水平,在雨水較多的3月和6月由于水體垂直運動使水庫底部的底泥與營養(yǎng)鹽溶于水體中,因此達到了輕度富營養(yǎng)水平。4.通過對四座水庫進行相關性分析及RDA分析,結果顯示富營養(yǎng)化較高的雙魚水庫與柯家橋水庫中浮游植物的生長繁殖不受N、P含量的限制。鹽井河水庫很可能為P限制型水庫,而同心水庫的浮游植物則受到多種環(huán)境因子共同影響。5.四座水庫均不同程度的受到藍藻水華的影響,由于兩座中型水庫承擔著城鄉(xiāng)供水的功能,對其持續(xù)的監(jiān)控,防止藍藻水華爆發(fā)釋放毒素污染水體對居民的生活和生產(chǎn)安全造成影響是十分必要的。
[Abstract]:The per capita water resources in Bishan are only 1/4 cubic meters, or 1/4 cubic meters. As an important water resource reserve project, reservoir has become the most important source of water supply in Bishan area. However, according to the available data, every reservoir in Bishan area is polluted to varying degrees, so it is urgent to monitor and control the water quality of the reservoir. The four reservoirs selected in this paper are all representative and important reservoirs in Bishan area, and include various types of reservoirs. The study of phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors of these four different types of reservoirs can fully demonstrate the health status of Bishan reservoir. The result shows that 1: 1. A total of 386 species of phytoplankton have been found in four reservoirs, including 182 species of Chlorophyta, 100 species of Diatom, 57 species of Cyanophyta, 20 species of Phaeophyta, 12 species of Prorophyta, 7 species of Chlorophyta, 6 species of Cryptophyta and 2 species of phylophyta. Only 8 species of phytoplankton have been found in the four reservoirs in Tongxin Reservoir, but no cash algae have been found in Pisces Reservoir, and no alga 2.2in Kejiaqiao Reservoir and Yanjing River Reservoir. The dominant species of the four reservoirs in the whole year are cyanobacteria, among which Anabaena pseudocephala, microcystis and shiver algae are the dominant species in the whole year. In addition, the species with higher dominance in Yanjinghe reservoir in August, Shui Hua in March and Kojiaqiao reservoir had higher dominance in March. Chlorella microphylla was the most dominant species in concentric reservoir in March. The Pisces Reservoir for aquaculture is one of the four reservoirs with the highest level of eutrophication. The Pisces Reservoir reached severe eutrophication level in August and moderate eutrophication level in the rest of the month. The annual eutrophication degree of Kejiaqiao Reservoir is balanced, which is moderate eutrophication. The level of eutrophication in Tongxin reservoir and Yanjinghe reservoir, which is the source of drinking water, is relatively low. The concentric reservoir reaches moderate eutrophication level in August and March, and mild eutrophication level in December and June. In August and December, the Yanjinghe Reservoir was basically at the medium nutrient level. In March and June, when the Rain Water was more frequent, the bottom sediment and nutrients of the reservoir were dissolved in the water body due to vertical movement of the water body, so that the level of light eutrophication was reached. 4. The correlation analysis and RDA analysis of four reservoirs showed that the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton in Pisces reservoir and Kejiaqiao reservoir with high eutrophication were not restricted by the content of NBP. It is very likely that Yanjinghe reservoir is a P restricted reservoir, while the phytoplankton of concentric reservoir is affected by many environmental factors. The four reservoirs are all affected by cyanobacteria Shui Hua to varying degrees. Because two medium-sized reservoirs have the function of supplying water to urban and rural areas, they are continuously monitored. It is necessary to prevent cyanobacteria from releasing toxins from Shui Hua to pollute the water body.
【學位授予單位】：重慶師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：Q948.8

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