【摘要】：海洋天然氣水合物資源巨大。周守為院士提出了 "海底淺表層非成巖天然氣水合物藏固態(tài)流化開采技術(shù)"新思路,其中必須解決破碎后的"海底水合物混合漿體中泥砂分離問題"。這種混合漿體通常是由礦物質(zhì)(主要為泥沙)、天然氣水合物和海水等三種物質(zhì)所組成,屬于液-固-固多相流分離問題。為了減少水合物混合漿體在輸送過程中的能量消耗,必須在海底進行水合物漿體中的泥砂預分離。同時還可以避免出現(xiàn)泥砂沉積而發(fā)生管道堵塞的風險。其中螺旋分支管是一種適合于海底多相流分離的結(jié)構(gòu)。本文從多相流體動力學與離散元素法等基礎(chǔ)理論出發(fā),采用CFD-DEM耦合仿真研究的方法,針對本文所提出的簡化后的帶捕砂槽的弧形分支管分離結(jié)構(gòu)開展了以下研究工作:(1)通過查閱國內(nèi)外文獻報告,了解了海底多相流分離研究現(xiàn)狀和進展。(2)ECFD-DEM耦合接口程序開發(fā)與驗證。根據(jù)多相流體動力學和離散元素法的基礎(chǔ)理論,研究固體顆粒在流體中的力學行為,考慮流體對顆粒旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩的作用,開發(fā)FLUENT-EDEM耦合仿真接口程序,并進行實驗驗證。(3)螺旋管流動特性的數(shù)值仿真研究。利用驗證后的接口程序,仿真模擬研究水合物或泥砂單顆粒在螺旋管中的運動規(guī)律,建立單顆粒在螺旋管截面上運動的軌跡方程;進一步仿真模擬研究水合物漿體在螺旋管中的運動規(guī)律。(4)帶捕沙槽弧形分支管分離效率研究。根據(jù)水合物漿體在螺旋管中流場分布規(guī)律,提出螺旋分支管分離結(jié)構(gòu)及其分離效率的計算方法,并將其簡化為弧形分支管結(jié)構(gòu)。利用耦合仿真程序,對比研究弧形分支管與帶捕沙槽的弧形分支管兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的分離效率。(5)帶捕沙槽弧形分支管分離參數(shù)優(yōu)化。合理選取關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)及運行參數(shù),確定影響帶捕砂槽弧形分支管分離效率的6因素5水平的正交試驗方案,通過正交試驗優(yōu)化,得到最佳的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與運行參數(shù)的組合,使其具有較高的分離效率。通過上述研究,掌握了水合物漿體在螺旋管中流動時固體顆粒的分布規(guī)律,提出了一種帶捕砂槽的弧形分支管來分離水合物漿體;通過正交試驗優(yōu)化,得到最佳的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和運行參數(shù)匹配,使得帶捕砂槽弧形分支管的綜合分離效率達到了91.5%,并且其出口 2的水合物顆粒含量高達99.25%。本文的研究為海底天然氣水合物漿體的泥砂分離提供了有價值的參考。
[Abstract]:The marine natural gas hydrate resources are huge. Academician Zhou Shouwei put forward a new idea of "solid-state fluidized exploitation technology for gas hydrate reservoir in shallow undersea layer", in which the problem of "separation of mud and sand in mixed slurry of undersea hydrate" must be solved. The mixture is usually composed of minerals (mainly sediment), natural gas hydrate and sea water, which is a liquid-solid multiphase flow separation problem. In order to reduce the energy consumption of hydrate mixture during the transportation process, it is necessary to carry out pre-separation of mud sand in hydrate slurry at the bottom of the sea. At the same time, it can avoid the risk of pipeline blockage caused by mud sand deposition. The helical branch tube is a kind of structure suitable for multi-phase flow separation. Based on the basic theories of multiphase hydrodynamics and discrete element method, the method of CFD-DEM coupling simulation is used in this paper. The following research work has been carried out on the simplified arc branch tube separation structure with sand capture trough proposed in this paper: (1) by consulting the domestic and foreign literature reports, The research status and progress of submarine multiphase flow separation are studied. (2) ECFD-DEM coupling interface program is developed and validated. According to the basic theory of multiphase hydrodynamics and discrete element method, the mechanical behavior of solid particles in fluid is studied, and the FLUENT-EDEM coupling simulation interface program is developed considering the effect of fluid on particle rotation moment. The experimental results are verified. (3) numerical simulation of the flow characteristics of helical tubes. Using the verified interface program, the movement law of hydrate or mud sand single particle in the spiral tube is simulated and studied, and the trajectory equation of the single particle moving on the section of the spiral tube is established. The movement of hydrate slurry in spiral tube was studied by simulation. (4) the separation efficiency of arc branch tube with sand trap was studied. According to the distribution of gas hydrate slurry in helical tube, a method for calculating the separation structure and separation efficiency of helical branched tube is presented, which is simplified as an arc branch tube structure. By using the coupled simulation program, the separation efficiency of arc branch tube and arc branch tube with sediment capture channel is compared and studied. (5) the separation parameters of arc branch tube with sediment capture channel are optimized. The key structural parameters and operation parameters are reasonably selected, and the orthogonal test scheme with 6 factors and 5 levels that affect the separation efficiency of arc branch pipes with sand capture trough is determined. The optimum combination of structural parameters and operation parameters is obtained through orthogonal test optimization. It has higher separation efficiency. Through the above research, the distribution law of solid particles in the flow of hydrate slurry in helical tube is grasped, and a kind of arc branch tube with sand capture trough is proposed to separate hydrate slurry, which is optimized by orthogonal test. The optimum structural parameters and operation parameters are obtained, which makes the comprehensive separation efficiency of the arc branch tube with sand trap reach 91.5, and the hydrate particle content of the outlet 2 is 99.25%. The research in this paper provides a valuable reference for the mud sand separation of gas hydrate slurry.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O359

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