本文選題：銀川平原 + 三維地質(zhì)建模　； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的含水層滲透結(jié)構(gòu)模型,是在自然地質(zhì)概況、水文地質(zhì)概況、巖性與地質(zhì)剖面等基礎(chǔ)資料之上,對含水介質(zhì)空間展布進行一個整體的概化。然而,在地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜的大型區(qū)域,含水層多以形態(tài)各異的透鏡體形式分布,很難找到一個穩(wěn)定而連續(xù)的含水層或者隔水層進行含水層空間結(jié)構(gòu)的概化。尤其是在人類生產(chǎn)活動較少的地區(qū),勘查資料與鉆孔資料也相對稀少,數(shù)據(jù)通常分布不均勻且不確定性較高,鉆孔之間的水文地質(zhì)特征只能通過人為的推測進行描述,很難對模型中的每個單元進行準確的刻畫。針對地質(zhì)條件較為復(fù)雜以及地質(zhì)資料不足的大型區(qū)域,若選擇傳統(tǒng)方法建立研究區(qū)含水層滲透結(jié)構(gòu),容易產(chǎn)生較大的人為誤差,含水介質(zhì)的非均質(zhì)性與各向異性往往得不到準確的表達。為了進一步認識銀川平原第四系含水層滲透結(jié)構(gòu)特征,了解含水介質(zhì)的空間分布規(guī)律以及相互關(guān)系,本文結(jié)合地質(zhì)統(tǒng)計學(xué)理論與三維地質(zhì)可視化建模的方法,實現(xiàn)對研究區(qū)含水層結(jié)構(gòu)的隨機模擬,利用數(shù)學(xué)描述的方法將高程測點、物探數(shù)據(jù)與巖性數(shù)據(jù)等離散數(shù)據(jù),轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檫B續(xù)、直觀的圖形與圖像,從而提高含水層滲透結(jié)構(gòu)建模的精度。本論文以銀川平原第四系地層為研究對象,由于研究區(qū)面積較大且地質(zhì)構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,西部賀蘭山山前傾斜平原、東部鄂爾多斯臺地均缺少鉆孔資料,平原區(qū)鉆孔分布均勻性較差。因此,將區(qū)域地質(zhì)資料、離散的鉆探資料及物探數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合,分別建立第四系三維地質(zhì)模型、導(dǎo)電性結(jié)構(gòu)模型、巖性結(jié)構(gòu)模型。進行電性與巖性結(jié)構(gòu)分布的不確定性隨機模型,即對視電阻率數(shù)據(jù)與巖性數(shù)據(jù)進行序貫高斯模擬,并從二維剖面的角度與已有水文地質(zhì)剖面圖、視電阻率剖面圖、鉆孔柱狀圖進行含水介質(zhì)空間分布特征的對比驗證,同時,通過對比指數(shù)模型與球狀模型兩種理論模型的擬合,分析其對視電阻率數(shù)據(jù)隨機模擬結(jié)果的影響,最終選擇連續(xù)性與成層性較好的指數(shù)模型作為第四系地層隨機模擬理論模型。通過構(gòu)建銀川平原第四系含水層滲透結(jié)構(gòu)模型,可以進一步刻畫研究區(qū)第四系儲層內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)與含水介質(zhì)空間分布形態(tài),有利于地下水動力場特征深層次的研究,為促進地下水資源開發(fā)利用與保護,以及油氣資源、固體礦產(chǎn)資源等領(lǐng)域的研究提供含水結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The traditional aquifer permeability structure model is based on the basic data of natural geology, hydrogeology, lithology and geological profile, etc., which generalizes the spatial distribution of water-bearing media as a whole. However, in large regions with complex geological conditions, aquifers are distributed in different lens forms, so it is difficult to find a stable and continuous aquifer or aquifer to generalize the aquifer spatial structure. Especially in areas with less human production activities, the exploration data and borehole data are also relatively scarce, and the data are usually distributed unevenly and with high uncertainty. The hydrogeological characteristics between boreholes can only be described by artificial speculation. It is difficult to accurately depict each unit in the model. In view of the large area with complicated geological conditions and insufficient geological data, if the traditional method is chosen to establish the aquifer permeability structure in the study area, it is easy to produce large artificial error. The heterogeneity and anisotropy of aqueous media are often not accurately expressed. In order to further understand the percolation structure characteristics of Quaternary aquifer in Yinchuan Plain and the spatial distribution law of water-bearing medium and the relationship between them, this paper combines the theory of geostatistics with the method of 3D geological visualization modeling. The random simulation of aquifer structure in the study area is realized, and the discrete data such as elevation point, geophysical prospecting data and lithologic data are transformed into continuous and intuitionistic graphs and images by the method of mathematical description. Thus, the modeling accuracy of aquifer permeability structure is improved. In this paper, the Quaternary strata of Yinchuan Plain are taken as the research object. Because of the large area and complicated geological structure in the study area, the inclined plain in front of Helan Mountain in the west of China and the eastern Ordos platform are short of borehole data, and the distribution of boreholes in the plain is poor. Therefore, the regional geological data, discrete drilling data and geophysical data are combined to establish the Quaternary three-dimensional geological model, electrical structure model, lithologic structure model. The uncertain stochastic model of electric property and lithologic structure distribution is carried out, that is, the sequential Gao Si simulation of apparent resistivity data and lithologic data is carried out, and the existing hydrogeological profile and apparent resistivity profile are analyzed from the view of two-dimensional profile. The spatial distribution characteristics of water-bearing medium are compared and verified by the borehole histogram. At the same time, by comparing the two theoretical models of exponential model and spherical model, the influence of these two models on the random simulation results of apparent resistivity data is analyzed. Finally, the exponential model with good continuity and stratification is chosen as the theoretical model of Quaternary stratigraphic stochastic simulation. By constructing the permeability structure model of Quaternary aquifer in Yinchuan Plain, the internal structure of Quaternary reservoir and the spatial distribution of water-bearing medium in the study area can be further described, which is beneficial to the further study of the characteristics of groundwater dynamic field. In order to promote the development, utilization and protection of groundwater resources, as well as oil and gas resources, solid mineral resources and other fields to provide the basis of water-bearing structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P641.6;P628

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