本文關(guān)鍵詞：強(qiáng)震作用下含不連續(xù)面高陡巖質(zhì)邊坡動(dòng)力響應(yīng)振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)研究　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 巖質(zhì)邊坡 節(jié)理 傳播特性 數(shù)值模擬 大型振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn) 失穩(wěn)機(jī)制 動(dòng)力響應(yīng)

【摘要】：對(duì)于巖質(zhì)邊坡的穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題,區(qū)域地質(zhì)情況,特別是邊界區(qū)域巖體內(nèi)主要構(gòu)造斷裂體系,及各類節(jié)理組及各類軟弱面的分布及其組合情況,具有極為重大的意義。巖質(zhì)邊坡在地震荷載作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)和穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題是當(dāng)前巖土地震工程和地震工程學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題之一。強(qiáng)震作用下巖質(zhì)邊坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)在很大程度上是由不連續(xù)面的幾何分布和物理力學(xué)特性決定的。特別是,對(duì)于含有順向節(jié)理或逆向節(jié)理的高陡巖質(zhì)邊坡,地震時(shí)發(fā)生崩塌等嚴(yán)重破壞極大的影響了周邊建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性。正是由于地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、巖體材料、不連續(xù)特性以及地震動(dòng)的復(fù)雜性,導(dǎo)致巖質(zhì)邊坡的動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定性問(wèn)題變得非常復(fù)雜。本文針對(duì)巖體的不連續(xù)特性以及地震力的動(dòng)力特性,采用有限元數(shù)值模擬以及大型振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)等手段,開(kāi)展了地震波在含不連續(xù)節(jié)理巖體中的傳播特性研究,明確了含不連續(xù)面的高陡巖質(zhì)邊坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律,以及其地震荷載作用下的破壞過(guò)程和特征,揭示了不連續(xù)面對(duì)邊坡穩(wěn)定性的影響。針對(duì)含有順向及逆向節(jié)理的巖質(zhì)邊坡,開(kāi)展了有限元數(shù)值模擬。對(duì)不連續(xù)節(jié)理對(duì)地震波的傳播特性的影響以及其對(duì)邊坡地震穩(wěn)定性的影響進(jìn)行了分析。有限元分析采用時(shí)域動(dòng)力分析,考慮不連續(xù)面與周邊巖體界面的多重反射折射。分析了不同時(shí)刻的波場(chǎng)分布,由于不連續(xù)節(jié)理與周邊巖體界面的作用,地震波在含不連續(xù)面邊坡中的波場(chǎng)呈現(xiàn)多重反射折射現(xiàn)象,高頻成分卓越,并伴隨著位相的產(chǎn)生,位相與節(jié)理的布設(shè)及數(shù)量相關(guān)。水平輸入時(shí),順巖分布邊坡在節(jié)理間產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)反射現(xiàn)象,震動(dòng)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng);而逆巖分布邊坡會(huì)盡快趨于穩(wěn)定。水平輸入及垂直輸入時(shí)的波場(chǎng)分布有著明顯的不同。地震動(dòng)沿坡面呈放大趨勢(shì),最大值出現(xiàn)在坡尖,沿坡頂向坡內(nèi)減小。設(shè)計(jì)并開(kāi)展了含不連續(xù)面的巖質(zhì)邊坡大型振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)研究。利用振動(dòng)臺(tái)對(duì)含順向節(jié)理的陡傾巖質(zhì)邊坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究,特別是對(duì)巖質(zhì)邊坡的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律、變形破壞過(guò)程和機(jī)制分析進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的討論。在試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)階段,通過(guò)材料試驗(yàn),采用了水泥、砂、鐵粉、粘土與混合劑的配比模擬了巖體材料。采用特氟龍布,利用其表面摩擦系數(shù)極低的特性,模擬了巖質(zhì)高陡邊坡的不連續(xù)節(jié)理。制作了含有不連續(xù)面的高陡巖質(zhì)邊坡模型。通過(guò)一系列的振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn),觀察了邊坡模型從裂縫產(chǎn)生發(fā)展到最終滑動(dòng)破壞的全過(guò)程。高陡邊坡模型的破壞可總結(jié)為三個(gè)階段:裂縫產(chǎn)生階段、坡面剝落階段、沿不連續(xù)面的崩塌階段�；瑒�(dòng)面發(fā)生在距離頂部為坡高的1/3處。通過(guò)在邊坡不同高程,不同位置布設(shè)傳感器,采集了地震動(dòng)力響應(yīng)(加速度、壓力、應(yīng)變)數(shù)據(jù)。進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理、對(duì)比和分析,得到了不同輸入方向和不同輸入強(qiáng)度時(shí)地震荷載作用下含不連續(xù)面的巖質(zhì)高陡邊坡的加速度、動(dòng)土壓力和應(yīng)變響應(yīng),分析和總結(jié)邊坡模型的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律及特征。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,邊坡對(duì)輸入動(dòng)荷載具有放大作用,沿坡面向上,PGA放大系數(shù)呈上升趨勢(shì),最大值出現(xiàn)在坡尖,沿坡頂向坡內(nèi)減小。坡體內(nèi)PGA放大系數(shù)在垂直向上稍有放大。PGA放大系數(shù)變化規(guī)律受不連續(xù)節(jié)理分布和動(dòng)荷載震動(dòng)方向的影響。動(dòng)荷載水平向輸入時(shí)的最大PGA放大系數(shù)明顯大于垂直向輸入時(shí)的最大PGA放大系數(shù),說(shuō)明坡體在水平向的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)更為強(qiáng)烈。隨著地震動(dòng)輸入的變化,動(dòng)力響應(yīng)在坡體內(nèi)呈線性放大,在水平向上表現(xiàn)為節(jié)律性變化。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果有助于了解含不連續(xù)面陡傾巖質(zhì)邊坡在不同動(dòng)荷載作用下的響應(yīng)規(guī)律,對(duì)研究其動(dòng)力失穩(wěn)機(jī)制和抗震結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:For the problem of slope stability, regional geological conditions, especially the main tectonic boundary region in rock fracture system, and all kinds of joint sets and all kinds of soft surface distribution and their combination, is of great significance. The rock slope under seismic load dynamic response and stability is one of the hot issues in the current rock geotechnical earthquake engineering and earthquake engineering research. The earthquake dynamic response of rock slope in large part by discontinuous surface geometric distribution and physical and mechanical characteristics of the decision. In particular, with consequent high steep rock slope joints or reverse joints, earthquake collapse and other serious damage to great effect the safety of the surrounding buildings structure. It is because of the geological structure, rock mass, complexity and continuous vibration characteristics, resulting in dynamic stability of rock slope Becomes very complicated. This paper aiming at the dynamic characteristics of rock mass discontinuity characteristics and seismic force, using finite element numerical simulation and shaking table tests, carried out the research of propagation characteristics of seismic wave in containing discontinuities in jointed rock mass, the dynamic response laws containing discontinuous surfaces of high steep rock slope, and the failure process of the earthquake loads and characteristics, reveals the discontinuities affect the stability of the slope. The rock slope forward and reverse joint, carry out the finite element numerical simulation. The influence on the propagation characteristics of discontinuous joints on seismic wave and its influence on the seismic stability of slope is analyzed. Finite element analysis of the dynamic analysis in time domain, considering the multiple reflection and refraction of discontinuities and surrounding rock interface. Analysis of the wave field distribution in different time, due to the discontinuity of joints and weeks The role of edge rock interface, seismic wave containing discontinuities in slope of wave field shows multiple reflection refraction, the high-frequency components of excellence, and accompanied by a phase of production, layout and number of phase and joints. The level of input, along the slope rock distribution strong reflection phenomenon in the joint, shaking lasted for a long time the inverse slope; rock distribution as soon as possible will tend to be stable. The output of the input level and vertical wave field distribution are obviously different. The earthquake along the slope was enlarged trend, the maximum value appears in slope decreases along the slope to the tip top. Design and carry out the discontinuity of rock slope with large-scale shaking table test study. Using the vibration table with consequent bedding rock slope dynamic response were studied to joint steep, especially the rules of dynamic response of rock slope and deformation are discussed in detail in the failure analysis process and mechanism. Test the design stage, through the experiment, using the cement, sand, clay and iron powder, mixture ratio of simulated rock material. By using Teflon cloth, utilizing the characteristics of the surface of a very low coefficient of friction, simulation of discontinuous joints of high steep rock slope. Made with discontinuous surface of high steep rock slope model through a series of shaking table tests of the model slope observation from the cracks to the development of the whole process of sliding failure. The model of high steep slope failure can be summarized into three stages: the stage of crack, slope spalling stage along the discontinuity of the collapse stage. The sliding surface in the distance from the top of 1/3 slope high. The elevation at different slope, different position sensor, the acquisition of seismic response (acceleration, pressure, strain) data. For data processing, comparison and analysis, obtained the different input direction and different input When the intensity of earthquake loads with discontinuity with high and steep rock slope acceleration, earth pressure and strain response analysis and dynamic response of slope model summarize the rules and characteristics. The experimental results show that the slope has amplification effect on the input load, upward along the slope, PGA amplification coefficient increased, the maximum value appeared the slope decreases along the slope to the tip top of the slope. The slope PGA amplification coefficient in vertical upward slightly enlarged.PGA amplification coefficient variation law affected by discontinuous joint distribution and dynamic load vibration direction. The dynamic load level to the PGA input amplification coefficient was significantly greater than the vertical maximum input PGA amplification coefficient that, the slope in the horizontal direction of the dynamic response is more intense. With the change of seismic input, the slope in the linear amplification of dynamic response in the horizontal direction is shown as the rhythm changes. The results will help In order to understand the response rule of steep slope with discontinuous face under different dynamic loads, it provides a basis for studying its dynamic instability mechanism and the design of aseismic structure.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU45

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