本文關(guān)鍵詞：地基雷達大氣改正方法及其應(yīng)用于滑坡形變監(jiān)測　出處：《西南交通大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地基合成孔徑雷達 滑坡 形變監(jiān)測 大氣改正 反距離加權(quán)

【摘要】：滑坡是我國頻發(fā)的一種自然災(zāi)害,它的產(chǎn)生一方面是受地震、火山、大陸板塊移動、降雨等自然因素的影響,另一方面隨著城市化和全球化進程的發(fā)展,人類對地質(zhì)環(huán)境的破壞日益加劇,人為因素誘發(fā)的滑坡增多且造成更大的損失和破壞�；聻�(zāi)害一旦發(fā)生,會給周邊區(qū)域人民的生命財產(chǎn)和國家的經(jīng)濟建設(shè)造成嚴重的損失,因此有必要對潛在的滑坡體的形變信息進行準確、及時的監(jiān)測,從而能夠采取相應(yīng)的預(yù)警預(yù)防措施�，F(xiàn)有的滑坡形變監(jiān)測技術(shù)在滑坡監(jiān)測中存在諸多不足,上世紀九十年代誕生的地基合成孔徑干涉雷達(簡稱地基雷達)技術(shù)能夠全天時、全天候、遠距離、高精度地對大范圍的監(jiān)測區(qū)域?qū)嵤┻B續(xù)監(jiān)測,已經(jīng)在滑坡形變監(jiān)測中展現(xiàn)出巨大的應(yīng)用前景和經(jīng)濟價值,從而掀開了滑坡形變監(jiān)測新的篇章。開展地基雷達形變監(jiān)測研究,有助于推廣地基雷達滑坡形變監(jiān)測應(yīng)用,對于滑坡防災(zāi)減災(zāi)具有重要的意義。在理想觀測條件下,地基雷達形變監(jiān)測的精度很高;但在實際觀測中,地基雷達傳感器發(fā)射的電磁波信號受大氣效應(yīng)的影響會產(chǎn)生大氣相位誤差,降低了地基雷達監(jiān)測結(jié)果的精度和可信性,因此有必要對地基雷達的監(jiān)測結(jié)果進行大氣改正,保證監(jiān)測結(jié)果的精度和可靠性。由于大氣環(huán)境的復雜性,國際上還沒有統(tǒng)一的地基雷達大氣改正,各種大氣改正方法缺乏系統(tǒng)性的精度評定和普適性研究,鑒于此,本論文從歸納現(xiàn)有的地基雷達大氣改正方法入手,采用理論與實驗相結(jié)合的方法對大氣改正方法的精度和普適性展開較為系統(tǒng)的分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本論文針對距離函數(shù)擬合法存在的不足加以改進,提出了一種反距離大氣改正方法,采用模擬實驗和磽磧水庫滑坡監(jiān)測對該方法的精度和可行性進行檢驗。本論文的主要工作如下:(1)針對地基雷達各種大氣改正方法缺乏系統(tǒng)的精度對比和普適性分析的問題,本論文比較系統(tǒng)地討論和分析了地雷雷達最常用的氣象數(shù)據(jù)改正法和距離函數(shù)擬合法在良好天氣條件和不良天氣條件下的精度和普適性。(2)針對距離函數(shù)擬合法存在未考慮方位向大氣效應(yīng)誤差和控制點難以選取的兩個不足,提出了一種改進的基于反距離加權(quán)的大氣改正方法。詳細闡述了該方法的基本原理和大氣改正流程,并通過模擬實驗證實:該方法有較高的大氣改正精度和可行性。(3)本論文進一步分析了提出的大氣改正方法在野外滑坡形變監(jiān)測應(yīng)用中精度和可行性。本論文用地基合成孔徑雷達對雅安磽磧水庫邊坡進行連續(xù)監(jiān)測,該區(qū)域地形梯度較大,地質(zhì)構(gòu)造被地震嚴重破壞,再加上常年受降雨和水庫水流沖刷,滑坡地質(zhì)災(zāi)害頻發(fā)。采用本文提出的反距離加權(quán)方法對監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)進行大氣改正,結(jié)合該區(qū)域地面GPS滑坡監(jiān)測結(jié)果做參照對監(jiān)測區(qū)域的邊坡穩(wěn)定性進行分析。實驗結(jié)果表明:該處邊坡有兩塊區(qū)域形變特征較為明顯,需要重點防范和加固,反距離加權(quán)大氣改正方法在野外滑坡監(jiān)測實際應(yīng)用中具有較高的精度和可行性。
[Abstract]:Landslide is one of China's natural disasters, on the one hand, it is affected by the earthquake, volcano, continental plate, rainfall and other natural factors, on the other hand, with the development of city and the process of globalization, the human destruction of the geological environment increasing, people more loss and damage factors landslides caused by increased and. Once landslide occurs, it will cause serious losses to the life and property of the surrounding area and the economic construction of the country. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the potential deformation information accurately and timely, so that we can take corresponding precautionary measures. The landslide deformation monitoring technology of the existing deficiencies in landslide monitoring, the foundation of synthetic aperture radar interferometry of the last century was born in 90s (the ground radar) technology can all day long and all-weather, long distance, high precision monitoring for a wide range of implementation of continuous monitoring, has shown great application prospects and economic value in the landslide deformation monitoring, which opened a new chapter in landslide deformation monitoring. The research of ground radar deformation monitoring is helpful to popularize the application of ground radar landslide deformation monitoring, which is of great significance for landslide prevention and reduction. In perfect observation conditions, deformation monitoring precision of ground radar is very high; but in the actual observations, the electromagnetic wave signal of ground radar sensor emission is influenced by the atmospheric effect can produce atmospheric phase errors, reduce the monitoring results of radar foundation accuracy and credibility, so it is necessary to monitor the results of atmospheric correction of ground-based radar. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results. Because of the complexity of the atmospheric environment, the international community has not yet unified ground radar atmospheric correction, various atmospheric correction methods lack of accuracy evaluation and general system of adaptability study, in view of this, this paper summarized from the existing ground-based radar atmospheric correction method of systematic analysis on applicability by using the method of combination of theory and experiment the atmospheric correction accuracy and P. On this basis, this thesis intends to lack the legal existence of the distance function is improved, the improvement method is proposed for inverse distance atmosphere, the accuracy and feasibility of simulation experiment and Qiaoqi reservoir landslide monitoring on the method of inspection. The main work of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the ground-based radar of various atmospheric correction methods lack of suitable analysis system and general accuracy comparison problems, this paper systematically discusses and analyzes the meteorological data of mine radar most commonly used correction and distance function fitting in good weather conditions and adverse weather conditions, the accuracy of and universal. (2) aiming at the two shortcomings of the distance function fitting method, which are not considering the error of azimuth atmospheric effect and the difficult selection of control points, an improved atmospheric correction method based on inverse distance weighting is proposed. The basic principle of the method and the atmospheric correction flow are described in detail. It is proved by the simulation experiment that the method has high accuracy and feasibility of atmospheric correction. (3) this paper further analyzes the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed atmospheric correction method in the application of the field landslide deformation monitoring. This paper using a ground-based synthetic aperture radar in Ya'an Qiaoqi reservoir slope for continuous monitoring, the terrain gradient is larger, the geological structure by the earthquake severely damaged, coupled with the perennial rainfall and reservoir water erosion, landslide geological disasters. The inverse distance weighted method proposed in this paper is used for atmospheric correction of monitoring data. Combined with the monitoring results of land GPS landslide in the area, the slope stability of monitoring area is analyzed. The experimental results show that there are two zones in the slope, and the deformation characteristics are obvious. We need to focus on prevention and reinforcement. The inverse distance weighted atmospheric correction method has high accuracy and feasibility in the practical application of the field landslide monitoring.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.22;P225.1

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