基于超短脈沖激光消融技術(shù)的二氧化鈦納米材料制備及其在降解水體污染方面的應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2020-11-18 12:04
全球工業(yè)增長極大地增加了廢棄副產(chǎn)物的產(chǎn)生。隨著時間的推移,由于這些副產(chǎn)物,環(huán)境污染已成為嚴(yán)重的問題。工業(yè)廢物中的重金屬和有機(jī)染料等污染物污染河流,最終導(dǎo)致地下水污染。為了應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn),研究人員正在努力推出新技術(shù)。關(guān)注新材料制造及其在水中污染物降解中的應(yīng)用勢在必行。在不同的納米材料中,納米顆粒和納米復(fù)合材料形式的二氧化鈦(TiO_2)在研究領(lǐng)域引起了極大的關(guān)注。這是因?yàn)槠湓诠獯呋趸�原反應(yīng),污染廢水解毒,染料降解和太陽能電池制造方面有許多有趣的應(yīng)用。水熱化學(xué)法,溶膠-凝膠法和熱分解法等不同的技術(shù)已經(jīng)被用于TiO_2納米顆粒的制備。然而這些技術(shù)耗時且在合成過程中需要額外的清潔劑,并且在大多數(shù)情況下所產(chǎn)生的納米顆粒是非化學(xué)純的。超短激光燒蝕為納米材料制造提供了一種替代方法。它已被用于如金屬,非金屬和半導(dǎo)體等各種納米材料加工。激光材料加工包括薄膜制造,納米晶體制造,表面清潔和微電子器件制造。采用激光燒蝕的納米材料制造不需要額外的處理來去除表面活性劑和其他有害化學(xué)藥品。因此,用于納米材料制造的激光燒蝕技術(shù)是綠色制造方法。在本文中,我們的工作致力于研究用超短激光燒蝕制造納米材料及其在水中污染物降解方面的應(yīng)用。本論文的工作按照以下結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行安排。第一章涉及到當(dāng)前工作的背景、目的和論文的結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章描述超短激光燒蝕,實(shí)驗(yàn)裝置,樣品制備和產(chǎn)生超短激光的光纖系統(tǒng)的搭建。本章也包含了關(guān)于CIP壓片的細(xì)節(jié)。第三章致力于在水中利用“自制”光纖激光系統(tǒng)制備納米TiO_2�！白灾啤惫饫w激光器制備納米顆粒導(dǎo)致TiO_2納米顆粒的燒蝕產(chǎn)量的增加。我們觀察到用高壓壓片制成的納米顆粒表現(xiàn)出從金紅石到銳鈦礦相的二氧化鈦的相位角變化。在第四章中描述了合成銳鈦礦TiO_2與MoO_3混合與的納米復(fù)合材料。制備的納米復(fù)合材料的光敏性根據(jù)光伏和光催化染料降解進(jìn)行測試。與用于電流電壓和MB染料降解的TiO_2納米顆粒相比,所制備的納米復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出高效的光敏性。第五章的工作致力于通過混合金紅石Ti O_2與Cu和WO_3來光催化降解染料。表征技術(shù),如紫外可見吸收光譜,XRD,XPS和電子自旋共振(ESR)被用于表征納米復(fù)合材料。太陽光和可見光源被用于實(shí)現(xiàn)MB染料降解。據(jù)觀察,與太陽光作為染料降解源相比,在可見光照射下MB染料降解花費(fèi)更多時間。在可見光照射下從溶液中去除MB染料更加耗時歸因于較少的OH~·自由基生成。在第六章中,進(jìn)行了還原型TiO_2的輝光放電等離子體電解(GDPE)制造。輝光放電是通過使用Ti板作為陰極和兩個Ti棒的陽極產(chǎn)生的。在電解液中,施加了不同的功率用于產(chǎn)生輝光放電。作為輝光放電的結(jié)果,制造出Ti~(3+)自摻雜灰色TiO_(2-x)。所制備的灰色TiO_(2-x)納米顆粒用于從溶液中去除RhB染料,其在可見光照射下也顯示出高效染料去除能力。所制備的納米粒子的高效光俘獲能力歸因于氧空位和內(nèi)部/表面晶體缺陷的存在。最后,在本文的研究工作的基礎(chǔ)上,第七章得出結(jié)論。
【學(xué)位單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位年份】：2018
【中圖分類】：X52;TB383.1
【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1. General background
1.2. Titanium dioxide and its phases
1.3. Approaches for nanomaterials fabrication
1.4. Laser ablation
1.4.1. Laser ablation with nanosecond and femtosecond pulses
1.4.2. Fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles by pulse laser synthesis （PLS）
1.4.3. Fabrication of organic nanomaterials by PLS
1.5. Research objective
1.6. Thesis structure
Chapter 2 Ultrashort laser ablation, experimental setup and protocols fornanomaterials fabrication
2.1. Ultrashort laser ablation in ambient air
2.2. Ultrashort laser Ablation in aqueous media
2.3. Fabrication system for fiber laser
2.4. Experimental setup
2.5. Protocols for nanomaterials formation with laser ablation in liquid
2.6. Sample preparation
2.7. Characterization techniques
2.8. Summary
Chapter 3 Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with “self-made” ultrashortlaser ablation system
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Nanoparticles generation
3.3. Results and discussions
3.3.1. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withpicosecond output
3.3.2. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withfemtosecond output
3.4. Nanoparticles characterization
3.4.1. Raman analysis
3.4.2. XRD-analysis
3.5. Summary
Chapter 4 Molybdenum Oxide-Titanium dioxide nano-composites fabrication withfemtosecond laser ablation in liquid
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Nanocomposites synthesis
4.3. Results and discussion
4.3.1. TEM and EDS analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.2. XRD and UV-Visible analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.3. XPS analysis
4.3.4. Photovoltaic and photocatalytic assay
4.4. Summary
Chapter 5 Solar and visible light illumination of methalyne blue dye with copper-titanium dioxide and copper tungsten oxide-titanium dioxide photo-catalysts
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Photocatalysts preparation
5.2.1. Characterization techniques for the fabricated nanocomposites
5.3. Results and discussions
5.3.1. Mechanism Description
5.3.2. Methalyne blue dye degradation
5.4. Summary
Chapter 6 Fabrication of reduced Titanium-dioxide by glow discharge plasmaelectrolytic method for visible light photocatalytic applications
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Experimental Details
6.3. Results and Discussion
6.4. Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusion and future work
References
List of Publications
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
本文編號：2888698
【學(xué)位單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位年份】：2018
【中圖分類】：X52;TB383.1
【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1. General background
1.2. Titanium dioxide and its phases
1.3. Approaches for nanomaterials fabrication
1.4. Laser ablation
1.4.1. Laser ablation with nanosecond and femtosecond pulses
1.4.2. Fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles by pulse laser synthesis （PLS）
1.4.3. Fabrication of organic nanomaterials by PLS
1.5. Research objective
1.6. Thesis structure
Chapter 2 Ultrashort laser ablation, experimental setup and protocols fornanomaterials fabrication
2.1. Ultrashort laser ablation in ambient air
2.2. Ultrashort laser Ablation in aqueous media
2.3. Fabrication system for fiber laser
2.4. Experimental setup
2.5. Protocols for nanomaterials formation with laser ablation in liquid
2.6. Sample preparation
2.7. Characterization techniques
2.8. Summary
Chapter 3 Fabrication of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with “self-made” ultrashortlaser ablation system
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Nanoparticles generation
3.3. Results and discussions
3.3.1. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withpicosecond output
3.3.2. Nanoparticles fabrication by using "self-made" fiber laser system withfemtosecond output
3.4. Nanoparticles characterization
3.4.1. Raman analysis
3.4.2. XRD-analysis
3.5. Summary
Chapter 4 Molybdenum Oxide-Titanium dioxide nano-composites fabrication withfemtosecond laser ablation in liquid
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Nanocomposites synthesis
4.3. Results and discussion
4.3.1. TEM and EDS analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.2. XRD and UV-Visible analysis of fabricated nanocomposites
4.3.3. XPS analysis
4.3.4. Photovoltaic and photocatalytic assay
4.4. Summary
Chapter 5 Solar and visible light illumination of methalyne blue dye with copper-titanium dioxide and copper tungsten oxide-titanium dioxide photo-catalysts
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Photocatalysts preparation
5.2.1. Characterization techniques for the fabricated nanocomposites
5.3. Results and discussions
5.3.1. Mechanism Description
5.3.2. Methalyne blue dye degradation
5.4. Summary
Chapter 6 Fabrication of reduced Titanium-dioxide by glow discharge plasmaelectrolytic method for visible light photocatalytic applications
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Experimental Details
6.3. Results and Discussion
6.4. Summary
Chapter 7 Conclusion and future work
References
List of Publications
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
1 李峰;楊直;趙衛(wèi);李強(qiáng)龍;胡曉鴻;楊小君;王屹山;;百微焦級飛秒光纖激光放大系統(tǒng)[J];中國激光;2015年12期
2 GUPTA Shipra Mital;TRIPATHI Manoj;;A review of TiO_2 nanoparticles[J];Chinese Science Bulletin;2011年16期
3 ;A review on TiO_2 nanotube arrays:Fabrication, properties, and sensing applications[J];Chinese Science Bulletin;2010年Z1期
4 王清月;胡明列;柴路;;光子晶體光纖非線性光學(xué)研究新進(jìn)展[J];中國激光;2006年01期
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