【摘要】：近年來(lái),我國(guó)的鋅冶煉行業(yè)增長(zhǎng)迅速,總產(chǎn)量連續(xù)多年位居世界第一,然而在鋅產(chǎn)能飛速發(fā)展的同時(shí),鋅冶煉廢渣的處理問(wèn)題也逐步凸現(xiàn),由于受傳統(tǒng)工藝和經(jīng)營(yíng)方式所限,大量的廢渣棄于地表,占用土地,污染環(huán)境,造成資源浪費(fèi),而在這些廢渣中又含有大量的有價(jià)金屬元素,可成為重要的二次資源,因此綜合利用這些廢渣中的有價(jià)金屬,是有色金屬工業(yè)環(huán)保工作中的一項(xiàng)非常重要的任務(wù)。本文以浸鋅渣為原料,探究了綜合利用其中的金、銀、銦、硫和鐵的方法,通過(guò)單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)確定了最佳條件:1)鍛燒實(shí)驗(yàn):鍛燒溫度:700℃,煅燒時(shí)間:2.0 h,CaCl2的加入量:6%; 2)堿浸除硅實(shí)驗(yàn):液固比:4:1,堿浸溫度:120℃,氫氧化鈉的濃度:12 mol/L,堿浸時(shí)間:2.0 h; 3)浸出提銀實(shí)驗(yàn):液固比3:1,浸金劑用量:0.5 %,亞硫酸鈉0.09mol/L,氨水濃度0.8 mol/L,硫酸銅濃度:0.038 mol/L,pH≥11,浸出時(shí)間:6 h。在上述條件下,金、銀、銦的回收率分別高達(dá)96.90 %、89.38 %和95.65 %,硫的利用率也達(dá)到71.12%,經(jīng)碳酸鈉溶液吸收做成亞硫酸鈉,最終產(chǎn)品氧化鐵紅中氧化鐵含量達(dá)到了 82.50%,達(dá)到了國(guó)標(biāo)B類型的要求�？傮w來(lái)說(shuō),整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了浸鋅渣的綜合利用。本文進(jìn)行了年處理9000噸浸鋅渣綜合利用項(xiàng)目的工藝設(shè)計(jì)。首先在工藝流程確定的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)各工段的單元操作進(jìn)行了物料衡算,繪制了物料流程圖(PFD),同時(shí)對(duì)典型的換熱設(shè)備進(jìn)行了熱量衡算;其次根據(jù)物料和熱量衡算進(jìn)行了設(shè)備選型,確定了主要設(shè)備的規(guī)格型號(hào)并匯總得到設(shè)備一覽表;同時(shí)對(duì)典型設(shè)備進(jìn)行控制方案的設(shè)計(jì),繪制了管道及儀表流程圖(PID);最后完成了車(chē)間設(shè)備的布置設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the zinc smelting industry in our country has been growing rapidly, and the total output has been ranked first in the world for many years. However, with the rapid development of zinc production capacity, the treatment of zinc smelting waste residue has gradually emerged, which is limited by the traditional technology and management mode. A large amount of waste residue is discarded on the surface of the earth, occupies land, pollutes the environment, causes waste of resources, and contains a large amount of valuable metal elements in these wastes, which can become an important secondary resource. Therefore, the valuable metals in these wastes can be comprehensively utilized. Is a nonferrous metal industry environmental protection work in a very important task. In this paper, the method of comprehensive utilization of gold, silver, indium, sulfur and iron from zinc leaching slag was studied. The optimum conditions were determined by single factor experiment: 1) forging experiment: forging temperature: 700 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2397321