【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型和城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程的不斷推進(jìn),城鎮(zhèn)人口迅猛增加,環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題也開(kāi)始顯現(xiàn)。我國(guó)環(huán)境治理的現(xiàn)實(shí)工作中,落后的監(jiān)管手段、被動(dòng)的監(jiān)管方式、低下的監(jiān)管效率均難以滿足環(huán)境治理的需要。政府如何進(jìn)一步提高社會(huì)管理水平、轉(zhuǎn)變環(huán)境監(jiān)管方式成為了我國(guó)政府亟需破解的重大課題。近些年來(lái),在政府的大力支持和推動(dòng)之下,我國(guó)很多城市都開(kāi)始嘗試將網(wǎng)格化管理應(yīng)用于社區(qū)管理、應(yīng)急管理、環(huán)境治理等。網(wǎng)格化管理的的實(shí)質(zhì),就是政府按照一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將所轄區(qū)域劃分成一個(gè)個(gè)網(wǎng)格單元,運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代化信息技術(shù)構(gòu)建一個(gè)信息資源共享平臺(tái),形成自上而下的政府管理與自下而上的社會(huì)自治良性互動(dòng),整合各種制度資源,聚集社會(huì)和市場(chǎng)的力量,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)公共事務(wù)的有效治理。網(wǎng)格化管理作為一種有效的監(jiān)管方法,已經(jīng)在環(huán)境治理中發(fā)揮了積極作用,在2015年的巴黎氣候大會(huì)上,蘭州市榮獲“今日變革進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)”。.首先,本文對(duì)網(wǎng)格、網(wǎng)格化管理、網(wǎng)格化治霾等核心概念進(jìn)行了界定,對(duì)治理理論、信息不對(duì)稱(chēng)理論、流程再造理論等理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析。其次,通過(guò)對(duì)蘭州市等三個(gè)案例的梳理,筆者歸納分析出了網(wǎng)格化治霾實(shí)踐中所存在的問(wèn)題及原因,如網(wǎng)格管理員權(quán)責(zé)不一致,公眾參與度低、“運(yùn)動(dòng)式”的網(wǎng)格化治霾等。最后,針對(duì)我國(guó)網(wǎng)格化治霾實(shí)踐所存在的問(wèn)題,本文提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議。網(wǎng)格化管理在我國(guó)很多城市的霧霾治理實(shí)踐中取得了較好的效果,一些城市還將網(wǎng)格化管理運(yùn)用于土地沙化治理、水污染治理、海洋漁業(yè)資源保護(hù)等。網(wǎng)格化管理的未來(lái)發(fā)展方向是網(wǎng)絡(luò)化治理,更加強(qiáng)調(diào)治理主體的多元化。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic transformation and urbanization in China, the urban population is increasing rapidly, and the problem of environmental pollution is beginning to appear. In the practical work of environmental governance in China, the backward means of supervision, passive ways of supervision and low efficiency of supervision are difficult to meet the needs of environmental governance. How to further improve the level of social management and change the mode of environmental supervision has become an urgent task for our government. In recent years, with the support and promotion of the government, many cities in our country have begun to try to apply grid management to community management, emergency management, environmental management and so on. The essence of grid management is that the government divides the area under its jurisdiction into grid units according to certain standards, and uses modern information technology to build a platform for sharing information resources. To form the top-down government management and the bottom-up social autonomy benign interaction, integrate all kinds of institutional resources, gather the social and market forces, and realize the effective governance of public affairs. Grid management, as an effective regulatory method, has played an active role in environmental governance. At the Paris Climate Conference in 2015, Lanzhou was awarded the "Progress for change Today" award. First of all, this paper defines the core concepts of grid, grid management, grid governance and so on, and analyzes the theoretical basis of governance theory, information asymmetry theory, process reengineering theory and so on. Secondly, by combing three cases of Lanzhou City, the author sums up and analyzes the existing problems and causes in the practice of gridding haze treatment, such as the inconsistency of grid administrator's power and responsibility, low public participation, "sports" grid haze treatment and so on. Finally, in view of the existing problems in the practice of gridding haze control in China, this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations. Grid management has achieved good results in the practice of haze governance in many cities in China. Some cities have also applied grid management to land desertification control, water pollution control, marine fishery resources protection and so on. The future development direction of grid management is network governance, with more emphasis on the diversification of governance subjects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X513

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