【摘要】：根據(jù)國家發(fā)改委《中長期鐵路網(wǎng)規(guī)劃2016》,我國高速鐵路在未來十年仍將處于建設(shè)的高峰期。高速鐵路施工建設(shè)給沿線帶來巨大的生態(tài)風(fēng)險,如不及時采取有效措施,將給沿線生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的影響。目前,我國對采用哪些指標(biāo)、何種數(shù)學(xué)模型計算高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險等級的研究不多,因此有必要對高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價展開更深入的研究,這對促進鐵路沿線生態(tài)環(huán)境與人類社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展具有重要意義。新建川南城際鐵路內(nèi)自瀘線作為成渝經(jīng)濟圈的重要交通通道,其建設(shè)期生態(tài)風(fēng)險方面還需要更詳細(xì)的研究。本文為了實現(xiàn)對該項目的生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價,結(jié)合生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價和區(qū)域生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價理論開展了以下研究工作:(1)利用PSR(壓力—狀態(tài)—響應(yīng))模型引入高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價指標(biāo)體系框架,應(yīng)用該框架指導(dǎo)完成了高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價指標(biāo)體系的構(gòu)建。包括風(fēng)險度指數(shù)、脆弱度指數(shù)、風(fēng)險管理指數(shù)3個一級指標(biāo),滑坡風(fēng)險、土地環(huán)境風(fēng)險、水環(huán)境風(fēng)險等10個二級指標(biāo)。該指標(biāo)體系能夠高效反映鐵路建設(shè)造成生態(tài)風(fēng)險的所有重要信息。(2)結(jié)合上述指標(biāo)體系,利用灰色多層次評價法建立了高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價量化模型。該模型不僅能夠?qū)＜医?jīng)驗給予量化,還能解決高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價中數(shù)據(jù)缺乏的問題。(3)分析了川南城際鐵路內(nèi)自瀘線建設(shè)期的生態(tài)風(fēng)險源和風(fēng)險受體,對上述指標(biāo)體系和量化模型進行了優(yōu)化,建立了針對川南城際鐵路內(nèi)自瀘線的指標(biāo)體系和量化模型,并計算出該鐵路建設(shè)期生態(tài)風(fēng)險等級值為3.8841,表明川南城際鐵路內(nèi)自瀘線建設(shè)期生態(tài)風(fēng)險處于低風(fēng)險和預(yù)警之間,需要重點關(guān)注滑坡、水土流失、景觀破碎化等風(fēng)險。本文完成了預(yù)期的川南城際鐵路內(nèi)自瀘線生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價目標(biāo),建立的高速鐵路生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價指標(biāo)體系和量化模型具有一定的實用性,為其它高速鐵路建設(shè)以及沿線生態(tài)環(huán)境保護提供了參考。
[Abstract]:According to the National Development and Reform Commission's medium and long term Railway Network Plan 2016, China's high-speed railway will still be in the peak period of construction in the next ten years. The construction of high-speed railway brings huge ecological risks along the line. If effective measures are not taken in time, the ecological environment along the line will be irreversibly affected. At present, there are few studies on which indexes and mathematical models to calculate ecological risk of high-speed railway in China, so it is necessary to carry out more in-depth research on ecological risk assessment of high-speed railway. It is of great significance to promote the coordinated development of ecological environment and human society along the railway line. As the important traffic passage of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, the new inter-city railway line in south Sichuan needs more detailed study on ecological risk during the construction period. In order to realize the ecological risk assessment of the project, Combined with ecological risk assessment and regional ecological risk assessment theory, the following research work has been carried out: (1) using PSR (pressure-state-response) model to introduce the framework of ecological risk assessment index system of high-speed railway; The ecological risk evaluation index system of high-speed railway is constructed under the guidance of this framework. Including risk index, vulnerability index, risk management index, three primary indicators, landslide risk, land environmental risk, water environmental risk and other 10 secondary indicators. The index system can efficiently reflect all the important information of ecological risk caused by railway construction. (2) combined with the above index system, a quantitative model of ecological risk assessment for high-speed railway is established by using the grey multi-level evaluation method. The model can not only quantify the experience of experts, but also solve the problem of lack of data in ecological risk assessment of high-speed railway. (3) the ecological risk sources and risk receptors during the construction period of the inter-city railway in southern Sichuan are analyzed. The index system and quantification model are optimized, and the index system and quantification model are established for the inter-city railway in the south of Sichuan province. The ecological risk grade of the railway during the construction period is 3.8841, which indicates that the ecological risk is between the low risk and the early warning during the construction period of the inter-city railway in southern Sichuan, and the risk of landslide, soil erosion and landscape fragmentation should be paid more attention to. In this paper, the expected ecological risk evaluation objectives of the inter-city railway in southern Sichuan are achieved. The ecological risk evaluation index system and the quantitative model of the high-speed railway are practical. It provides reference for other high-speed railway construction and ecological environment protection along the line.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X826

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