本文選題：鎘 + 鉛��； 參考：《生態(tài)環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào)》2017年10期

【摘要】：高pH值是寧夏引黃灌區(qū)鹽堿化土壤的顯著特征,研究鹽堿化土壤的高pH值對(duì)不同重金屬元素的富集和釋放規(guī)律,可為寧夏引黃灌區(qū)鹽堿化土壤重金屬污染的控制及治理提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)pH值,采用土柱淋溶的方法,模擬鹽堿化土壤的Cd和Pb的吸附-解吸過(guò)程,研究pH對(duì)鹽堿化土壤重金屬Cd、Pb吸附-解吸特征、形態(tài)和生物活性的影響。結(jié)果表明:在試驗(yàn)設(shè)定的pH范圍內(nèi),鹽堿化土壤對(duì)Cd的吸附量隨著pH值的升高而呈升高趨勢(shì),在pH值為8時(shí)達(dá)到峰值,對(duì)Pb的吸附量隨pH的升高呈波動(dòng)狀變化狀態(tài),在pH值為10時(shí)達(dá)到峰值;同時(shí),Cd的解吸量隨吸附量增加而線(xiàn)性增大,解吸量隨pH升高而增加,但解吸量隨吸附量變化而變化的幅度隨pH值的升高而減小,Pb的解吸量隨吸附量增加而呈選擇性增加。隨著pH的升高,Cd可交換態(tài)和碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)的含量變化趨勢(shì)相反,生物活性基本不變,其Fe/Mn氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)、有機(jī)結(jié)合態(tài)和殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)的含量不變;Pb可交換態(tài)和碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)的含量隨著pH的升高而升高,生物活性增強(qiáng),有機(jī)結(jié)合態(tài)的含量減少,Fe/Mn氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)和殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)的含量不變。寧夏引黃灌區(qū)鹽堿化土壤的高pH值可以降低土壤對(duì)重金屬Cd、Pb的吸附,緩解重金屬污染引起的生態(tài)、糧食及其食品安全壓力。
[Abstract]:High pH value is a significant characteristic of salinized soil in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation area. The enrichment and release of different heavy metal elements in saline-alkali soil with high pH value are studied. It can provide scientific basis for controlling and controlling heavy metal pollution of salinized soil in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation area. The adsorption and desorption processes of CD and Pb in salinized soils were simulated by means of soil column leaching by adjusting pH value, and the effects of pH on the adsorption and desorption characteristics, morphology and biological activity of CD Pb in salinized soils were studied. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of CD on saline-alkali soil increased with the increase of pH value, reached its peak value at pH 8, and the adsorption capacity of Pb fluctuated with the increase of pH value in the range of pH. The desorption capacity of CD increased linearly with the increase of adsorption capacity, and the desorption capacity increased with the increase of pH. However, the desorption amount decreased with the increase of pH and the desorption capacity of Pb increased with the increase of adsorption capacity. With the increase of pH value, the contents of exchangeable and carbonate bound forms of CD have the opposite trend, and the biological activity is almost unchanged, and the Fe / mn oxide bound state is almost unchanged. The contents of organic bound state and residue state are invariant. The contents of exchangeable Pb and carbonate bound state increase with the increase of pH, while the content of organic bound state decreases with the increase of pH, while the content of organic bound state decreases the content of Fe / mn oxide bound state and residue state. The high pH value of salinized soil in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation area can reduce the adsorption of heavy metal CD ~ (2 +) Pb on the soil and relieve the ecological, food and food safety pressure caused by heavy metal pollution.
【作者單位】： 寧夏大學(xué)環(huán)境工程研究院;教育部中阿旱區(qū)特色資源與環(huán)境治理國(guó)際合作聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：寧夏自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(NZ16030)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X53

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