本文選題：桂林市 + 大氣污染治理��； 參考：《廣西師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)研究院監(jiān)測我國86個重點城市從2006年到2016年空氣質(zhì)量變化情況的數(shù)據(jù)來看,這十一年來我國各個城市總體的空氣質(zhì)量情況越來越糟。在全國大部分地區(qū)都受到大氣污染肆虐的今天,桂林也未能幸免的受到了大氣污染的侵擾。在2015年中,廣西14個地市空氣質(zhì)量排名中位列第十三名,排名倒數(shù)第二,其中在一月份的全區(qū)排名中排名倒數(shù)第一。2016年桂林“再接再厲”又拿下了廣西全區(qū)空氣質(zhì)量的最后一名。桂林以其山水甲天下,美麗的風景馳名中外。但如今,空氣質(zhì)量已經(jīng)讓人望而卻步,那么還怎樣打造山美水美,讓人們流連忘返的旅游勝地。2012年國家發(fā)改委批復《桂林國際旅游勝地建設發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要》中將桂林國際旅游勝地建設正式上升為國家戰(zhàn)略。作者受到此綱要的啟發(fā)來撰寫本文。以桂林市的大氣污染為研究對象,以奧斯特羅姆的多中心治理理論為理論基礎來對桂林大氣污染治理的問題進行分析。本人通過實地走訪環(huán)保部門,了解和搜集了桂林市大氣污染的現(xiàn)狀,運用數(shù)據(jù)和圖表對大氣污染的特征和趨勢進行說明,從污染源和擴散條件兩方面對桂林市產(chǎn)生大氣污染的原因進行了分析,其中,污染源方面主要包括:機動車尾氣、燃煤及工業(yè)排放、揚塵污染以及人口流動和人們環(huán)保意識薄弱;擴散條件方面則主要分析了桂林市的氣象條件和地形條件,由于大氣污染在桂林容易集聚而不易擴散,最終造成了污染物的堆積,進而導致空氣質(zhì)量的下降。桂林市政府和環(huán)保部門出臺了一系列政策和措施來應對,歸納起來主要有三種類型。一種是行政型政策措施,一種是命令控制型政策措施,最后是經(jīng)濟鼓勵型政策措施。它們各自在發(fā)揮成效的同時也反映出治理過程中存在的一些問題,涉及政府和環(huán)保部門、企業(yè)、個人和社會團體。本文運用多中心治理理論對產(chǎn)生這些問題的原因進行分析,認為桂林市在治理大氣污染的過程中出現(xiàn)的問題是由于政府在大氣污染治理中的作用發(fā)揮不足、我市粗放型的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展模式、公民和社會等第三方?jīng)]有形成自治和政府缺少信息公開理念導致的。因此,作者在借鑒發(fā)達國家治理大氣污染的有效經(jīng)驗基礎上,根據(jù)多中心治理理論提出解決我市在大氣污染治理過程中存在的問題。一是調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟布局;二是精準化治理,落實環(huán)境污染防治責任;三是推進信息公開,廣泛動員社會參與;最后是加強全市機動車排氣污染治理,推動綠色出行。
[Abstract]:According to the data from 2006 to 2016 in 86 key cities in China, the overall air quality of each city in China has been getting worse and worse in the past 11 years. Guilin is not immune to air pollution in most parts of the country today. In mid-2015, Guangxi's 14 prefectures ranked 13th in the air quality rankings and ranked second to the bottom. Guilin finished last in air quality in Guangxi in 2016. Guilin is famous for its landscape and beautiful scenery. But now, the air quality has been prohibitive, so how to build a beautiful mountain water, In 2012, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the outline of Guilin International Resort Construction and Development Plan, which formally promoted the Guilin International tourist Resort Construction as a national strategy. The author was inspired by this outline to write this article. Taking the air pollution in Guilin as the research object, and taking Ostrom's multi-center governance theory as the theoretical basis, this paper analyzes the problem of Guilin air pollution control. By visiting the environmental protection department on the spot, I have understood and collected the present situation of air pollution in Guilin, and used data and charts to explain the characteristics and trends of air pollution. The causes of air pollution in Guilin are analyzed in terms of pollution sources and diffusion conditions. The pollution sources mainly include motor vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and industrial emissions. Dust pollution, population mobility and people's weak awareness of environmental protection, and diffusion conditions mainly analyze the meteorological and topographic conditions of Guilin. Because air pollution is easy to gather in Guilin, it is not easy to diffuse, resulting in the accumulation of pollutants. This in turn leads to a decline in air quality. Guilin city government and environmental protection department issued a series of policies and measures to deal with, summed up there are three main types. One is administrative policy measure, the other is command and control policy measure, and the last is economic encouragement policy measure. As well as being effective, they also reflect some of the problems in governance, involving government and environmental protection departments, businesses, individuals and social groups. This paper analyzes the causes of these problems by using the multi-center governance theory, and concludes that the problems in the process of controlling air pollution in Guilin are due to the insufficient role of the government in the treatment of air pollution. Our city's extensive economic development model, citizens and society and other third parties have not formed autonomy and the lack of information disclosure concept of the government. Therefore, on the basis of the effective experience of developed countries in controlling air pollution, the author puts forward the solution to the problems existing in the process of air pollution control in our city according to the theory of multi-center governance. The first is to adjust the industrial structure and optimize the economic layout; the second is to control accurately and implement the responsibility of preventing and controlling environmental pollution; the third is to promote the disclosure of information and mobilize social participation extensively; and finally, to strengthen the treatment of motor vehicle exhaust pollution in the whole city to promote green travel.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X51

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