本文選題：生物促生劑 + 胞外聚合物��； 參考：《陜西科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,我國造紙廢水排放量27.55億t,占工業(yè)廢水排放量的14.7%,造紙廢水處理依然面臨嚴峻的問題。其廢水排放量大,污染物種類復雜且難降解物質(zhì)多,使得處理難度較大。生物促生劑作為一種高效促進微生物自身代謝及生物合成過程,加快微生物對于難降解有機物分解的添加劑,已在研究和應用中受到廣泛重視。EPS作為微生物一部分代謝產(chǎn)物,其含量及組成可影響污泥性能,并可能影響出水水質(zhì)。本文研究BS添加量在不同進水CODCr下,對好氧絮狀污泥中EPS量和其組成影響,以及分析微生物對水中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的吸收與分泌情況和對污泥中EPS的結(jié)構(gòu)改變,對污泥性能的影響。研究不同CODCr進水濃度下,CODCr去除率與BS添加量的關(guān)系,通過單因素實驗得出,在進水濃度為813 mg·L~(-1)、1100 mg·L~(-1)和1300 mg·L~(-1)時,BS最佳量為300μL·L~(-1)、400μL·L~(-1)和500μL·L~(-1),比BS0組CODCr去除率提高了4.8%、4.3%和4.2%。通過正交實驗得出,去除CODCr最優(yōu)組合為進水負荷1100 mg·L~(-1),BS最佳量400μL·L~(-1),處理30 h。通過對EPS各組成分析檢測得出,BS的添加對EPS的各組分和結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生顯著影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)BS添加量對EPS、TB-EPS含量在800 mg·L~(-1)低進水CODCr濃度下的影響較小,在1100~1300 mg·L~(-1)中高進水CODCr濃度下影響顯著,BS最佳組EPS、TB-EPS存在最大值。在不同進水CODCr濃度下,BS對LB-EPS多糖和TB-EPS蛋白質(zhì)、腐殖質(zhì)有顯著促進作用。BS最佳組,分別對應LB-EPS中蛋白質(zhì)、多糖、DNA含量最大值和TB-EPS中腐殖質(zhì)含量最大值,DNA含量最小值。在進水CODCr濃度在1100 mg·L~(-1)時,BS2組吸收、分泌蛋白質(zhì)能力和吸收、分泌多糖能力顯著提高,提高了33%、23.9%。利用環(huán)境掃描電鏡對污泥表面形態(tài)觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn)BS2組污泥有良好保水性能,污泥骨架豐滿,連續(xù)性高,提取TB-EPS后,出現(xiàn)空腔層和結(jié)構(gòu)空洞,結(jié)合XRD儀器分析提取EPS后污泥中結(jié)晶為CaSO4·2H2O,BS2組污泥更平整。通過紅外分析得,BS2組出現(xiàn)了羧基、羥基、脂類等的新特征峰,提取TB-EPS污泥中伯酰胺類和脂肪胺類物質(zhì)受到影響。通過拉曼光譜分析發(fā)現(xiàn),BS0和BS2組LB-EPS中主要成分為蛋白質(zhì),BS2組聚集效果更強。BS2組TB-EPS中氨基官能團增加,蛋白質(zhì)主側(cè)鏈構(gòu)象改變,多聚糖類受到金屬化學鍵作用,肽鏈改變,絮凝活性提高。BS0組含葡萄糖醛酸,BS2組TB-EPS中含有N-乙�；被穷惡王０奉愇镔|(zhì),具有顯著絮凝特性。采用ICP-AES分析金屬離子在活性污泥體系中的轉(zhuǎn)化過程,發(fā)現(xiàn)BS2組污泥中金屬離子含量減少。在LB-EPS和TB-EPS提取液中,Fe3+含量明顯提高。BS組TB-EPS中離子含量比BS0組高出2倍左右。LB-EPS和TB-EPS是吸附Ca~(2+)的主要部分,且BS2組的TB-EPS吸附了更多的Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)。LB-EPS和TB-EPS對金屬離子吸附順序為Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+)Fe3+Zn~(2+)Mn~(2+)。而活性污泥中沉積金屬離子的順序為Fe3+Mg~(2+)Mn~(2+)Zn~(2+)Ca~(2+)。利用ESS和Zeta方法對污泥絮凝效果分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)絮凝效果從好到壞排列為BS2組BS1組BS0組BS3組。LB-EPS、TB-EPS與絮凝性能成反向和正向相關(guān)。通過SVI得出,LB-EPS中蛋白質(zhì)含量與EPS中蛋白質(zhì)含量比值與污泥沉降性能呈正相關(guān)。DSC檢測發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著LB-EPS(蛋白質(zhì)和多糖)含量增加,TB-EPS(蛋白質(zhì)和多糖)含量和束縛水含量(WB)減少,污泥的脫水性能增強。過度添加BS會引起一定程度的污泥脫水性能的惡化。本文研究BS添加量在不同進水CODcr下,對好氧絮狀污泥中EPS量和其組成影響;并根據(jù)EPS變化分析微生物對水中營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的吸收與分泌情況;研究BS對EPS及活性污泥性質(zhì)的影響依據(jù),為BS在工業(yè)廢水應用中提供理論依據(jù)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)BS通過促進微生物吸收分泌能力,調(diào)節(jié)EPS中蛋白質(zhì)和多糖含量及其羧基、羥基、乙�；桶被谋┞读�,來改善污泥絮凝性能、沉降性能和耐受性能。
[Abstract]:At present, the discharge of papermaking wastewater in China is 2 billion 755 million T, accounting for 14.7% of the discharge of industrial wastewater. The treatment of papermaking wastewater still faces severe problems. The wastewater discharge is large, the types of pollutants are complex and the difficult to degrade, which make the treatment difficult. The addition of fast microorganism to the decomposition of refractory organic matter has been widely paid attention to in the research and application of.EPS as a part of the metabolites of microbes. Its content and composition can affect the performance of sludge and may affect the water quality of the effluent. In this paper, the addition of BS in different influent CODCr and the composition of EPS and its composition in aerobic floc sludge The effects of microorganism on the absorption and secretion of nutrients in water and the structure changes of EPS in the sludge and the effect on the sludge performance were analyzed. The relationship between the removal rate of CODCr and the amount of BS under different CODCr influent concentrations was studied. By single factor experiments, the water influent concentration was 813 mg. L~ (-1), 1100 mg. L~ (-1) and 1300 mg L~. The optimum amount of S is 300 mu L. L~ (-1), 400 L / L~ (-1) and 500 mu L. L~ (-1). The ratio of CODCr removal is 4.8% higher than that of BS0 group. The effect of BS addition on EPS, TB-EPS content at 800 mg. L~ (-1) low influent CODCr concentration was smaller, and the maximum influent CODCr concentration in 1100~1300 mg L~ (-1) was significant. The best group to promote the function of.BS, the maximum value of protein, polysaccharide, DNA content in LB-EPS and the maximum value of humus content in TB-EPS, and the minimum value of DNA content. When the concentration of CODCr in the influent is 1100 mg. L~ (-1), the BS2 group absorbs, secretes protein ability and absorption, the ability to secrete polysaccharide significantly increases, increases 33%, 23.9%. uses environmental scanning electricity. By observing the surface morphology of the sludge, it was found that the sludge in the BS2 group had good water retention property, the sludge skeleton was full and the continuity was high. After the extraction of TB-EPS, the cavity layer and the structure cavity appeared. After the extraction of EPS, the crystallization of the sludge was CaSO4. 2H2O, and the sludge of the BS2 group was more flat after the analysis of the XRD instrument. By the infrared analysis, the BS2 group appeared carboxyl, hydroxyl, lipids, and so on. The new characteristic peak is affected by the extraction of amides and fatty amines in the TB-EPS sludge. Through the Raman spectrum analysis, it is found that the main components in the BS0 and BS2 group LB-EPS are protein, the aggregation effect of BS2 group is stronger in the.BS2 group, the amino group of the amino group is increased, the conformation of the main side chain of the protein is modified, the polycarbohydrates are subjected to the metal chemical bond, and the peptide chain is modified. The flocculation activity increases the.BS0 group with glucuronic acid, and the BS2 group TB-EPS contains N- acetyl amino carbohydrates and amides. It has significant flocculation characteristics. The transformation process of metal ions in the activated sludge system is analyzed by ICP-AES. The content of metal ions in the BS2 sludge is reduced. The Fe3+ content is clear in the LB-EPS and TB-EPS extracts. The ion content of TB-EPS in group.BS was 2 times higher than that of BS0 group,.LB-EPS and TB-EPS were the main part of adsorption Ca~ (2+), and the TB-EPS adsorption of BS2 group was more Ca~ (2+) and Mg~ (2 +). ) Mn~ (2+) Zn~ (2+) Ca~ (2+). Using ESS and Zeta method to analyze the flocculation effect of sludge flocculation, it is found that the flocculation effect from good to bad is the BS0 group BS3 group of BS2 group BS1 group, which has a reverse and positive correlation with flocculation performance. It is found that with the increase of LB-EPS (protein and polysaccharide) content, the content of TB-EPS (protein and polysaccharide) and the bound water content (WB) decrease, and the dewatering performance of the sludge is enhanced. The excessive addition of BS will cause a certain degree of sludge dewatering performance. In this paper, the content of BS added to the aerobic floc sludge in different influent CODcr and the EPS content and its group in aerobic flocculation sludge are studied. The effects of BS on the absorption and secretion of nutrient substances in water were analyzed according to EPS changes, and the basis of the study on the effects of EPS and the properties of activated sludge was studied, and the theoretical basis for the application of BS in industrial wastewater was provided. The study found that BS was used to promote the absorption and secretion of microbes, to regulate the content of protein and polysaccharide in EPS and its carboxyl, hydroxyl group. The exposure of acetyl and amino groups to improve sludge flocculation, sedimentation and tolerance.

【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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