本文關鍵詞： 植物浮床 經濟植物 凈化效果 水質監(jiān)測　出處：《揚州大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：當今水體富營養(yǎng)化和黑臭現(xiàn)象是城市水環(huán)境面臨的普遍問題。植物浮床技術作為有效的、經濟的以及符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念的技術之一,目前已成為水環(huán)境綜合治理領域的研究和應用熱點之一。植物是植物浮床技術中凈化污水的重要組成部分。植物在污染水體生長適應性是影響植物浮床凈化效果的關鍵因素。因此,在提高植物浮床技術修復污水的效率方面,最重要的內容是選擇合適的植物種類和創(chuàng)造植物合適的生長條件。本論文以浮床植物為研究對象,采用靜態(tài)水培試驗,研究了凈化效果較好的用于富營養(yǎng)化水體凈化應用的經濟植物品種。采用室外現(xiàn)場試驗,從植物在試驗周期內的凈增生物量以及植物組織內的氮、磷累積量,探討了經濟植物浮床應用中植物對污染物的去除量,以及經濟植物浮床技術的可行性。通過對生菜和水芹進行室外污水水培和土壤栽培,分析比較了兩種種植模式下生菜和水芹的產量和品質,為生菜和水芹的浮床技術的經濟效益分析和食品安全性提供了有力依據(jù)。同時,本文監(jiān)測了揚州市主城區(qū)10條城市河道全年水質污染變化情況。全年水質監(jiān)測結果表明:揚州市主城區(qū)10條河道分別受到不同程度的污染,其中寶帶河和紅旗河綜合水質污染指數(shù)較高。靜態(tài)水培試驗研究結果表明:生菜和水芹在富營養(yǎng)化水體上旺盛生長,對水中TN、TP、COD和NH4+-N的去除效果顯著,可作為室外植物浮床試驗的備選植物。其他植物在水培環(huán)境中生長良好,水質凈化效果穩(wěn)定。植物浮床室外現(xiàn)場試驗結果表明:生菜和水芹適應室外污染水體水培環(huán)境,表現(xiàn)出良好的生長狀況。經過49天的生長,植物的干物質凈增量在91.8%-466.7%之間,吸收的氮、磷累積總量在0.2-43.77mg/g之間,其中地上部分的氮、磷量基本高于地下部分,這有利于通過收割植物去除氮、磷。在受生活污水污染的河道中種植生菜和水芹,不用施加任何肥料和殺蟲劑,與土壤栽培相比,污水水培促進了植物產量提高,食用部分品質優(yōu)良,符合國家衛(wèi)生標準,而且達到了無公害蔬菜的質量標準。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, eutrophication and black-smelling phenomenon of water body is a common problem in urban water environment. Plant floating bed technology is one of the effective, economical and consistent with the concept of sustainable development. Plant is an important part of plant floating bed technology to purify sewage. Plant growth adaptability in polluted water body is affecting the purification effect of plant floating bed. The key factor. In order to improve the efficiency of plant floatation technology, the most important content is to select the appropriate plant species and create the appropriate plant growth conditions. In this paper, floating bed plants as the research object. In this paper, the economic plant varieties used in eutrophication water purification were studied by static hydroponics test. Based on the net increase of plant biomass and the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in plant tissues during the test period, the removal of pollutants by plants in floating bed application of economic plants was discussed. And the feasibility of floating bed technology of economic plants. The yield and quality of lettuce and water celery were analyzed and compared under the two planting modes through outdoor sewage hydroponics and soil cultivation of lettuce and water celery. It provides an effective basis for economic benefit analysis and food safety of floating bed technology of lettuce and water celery. In this paper, the variation of water pollution in 10 urban rivers in Yangzhou City is monitored. The results show that the 10 rivers in Yangzhou City are polluted in different degrees. The results of static hydroponics experiment showed that lettuce and water celery grew vigorously on eutrophic water and TNP TP in water. The removal efficiency of COD and NH4-N is remarkable and can be used as an alternative plant for outdoor plant floating bed test. Other plants grow well in hydroponic environment. The results showed that lettuce and water celery could adapt to the outdoor polluted water culture environment, and showed good growth condition. After 49 days of growth, the plant floatation bed outdoor test results showed that the plant floatation bed had a good effect on water purification. The net increase of dry matter was between 91.8% and 466.7%, and the accumulated amount of nitrogen and phosphorus was between 0.2-43.77 mg / g. Phosphorus is generally higher than the underground, which facilitates the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by harvesting plants. Lettuce and water celery are grown in watercourses contaminated by domestic sewage, without any fertilizer or insecticides, compared with soil cultivation. Wastewater hydroponics promoted plant yield, edible quality and met the national hygienic standard, and reached the quality standard of pollution-free vegetables.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X52

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