本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高錳酸鉀 抗癌類藥物 磺胺類藥物 糖皮質(zhì)激素　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人們對(duì)藥物使用量的急劇增加,以及藥品濫用形勢(shì)日益嚴(yán)重,環(huán)境中的藥物殘留已成為嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。本文針對(duì)其中幾類典型藥物作為研究對(duì)象,分別是抗癌類藥物5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)和阿糖胞苷(cytarabine,Ara-C)、磺胺類抗生素磺胺噻唑(sulfathiazole,STZ)、糖皮質(zhì)激素類藥物潑尼松龍(Prednisolone,PRED),研究了高錳酸鉀對(duì)這幾類藥物的降解動(dòng)力學(xué)、影響因素和降解機(jī)理。首先,研究了高錳酸鉀對(duì)抗癌類藥物5-FU和Ara-C的去除效果及機(jī)理。高錳酸鉀和5-FU的反應(yīng)包含多個(gè)基元反應(yīng),在本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,其總反應(yīng)級(jí)數(shù)為1.63,動(dòng)力學(xué)模型為:-d[5-FU]/dt=kapp[5-FU]t0.77[KMnO4]t0.86。高錳酸鉀與Ara-C的反應(yīng)過(guò)程符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,其二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)反應(yīng)常數(shù)為1.17 M-1·s-1(p H=4.0±0.1,25℃)。溶液溫度、pH及水質(zhì)條件對(duì)兩種目標(biāo)物的降解過(guò)程存在顯著影響。低濃度高錳酸鉀(35μM)對(duì)水體中微量5-FU和Ara-C的去除效果較差。采用氣相色譜與質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀(GC-MS)分析了高錳酸鉀去除5-FU和Ara-C的過(guò)程中的部分降解產(chǎn)物,推測(cè)了兩種抗癌藥物可能的降解路徑。然后,研究了高錳酸鉀對(duì)磺胺類抗生素STZ的去除效果及機(jī)理。高錳酸鉀對(duì)STZ的降解過(guò)程符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,其反應(yīng)常數(shù)為5.55 M-1·s-1(pH=7.0±0.1,25℃)。溶液溫度、pH、水質(zhì)等因素對(duì)STZ的降解過(guò)程存在影響。隨著溶液溫度的升高,STZ與高錳酸鉀的反應(yīng)速率不斷增加;在pH=5-10范圍內(nèi),隨著pH升高,反應(yīng)常數(shù)增加,在pH=8.0時(shí)達(dá)到最大值,隨后又略微減小。低濃度高錳酸鉀(20μM)對(duì)水體中低濃度STZ的去除率較差。采用氣相色譜與質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀(GC-MS)和液相色譜-飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜儀(LC-TOF)分析了高錳酸鉀去除STZ的過(guò)程中的產(chǎn)物,提出了可能的降解途徑。最后,研究了高錳酸鉀對(duì)糖皮質(zhì)激素類藥物PRED的去除效果及機(jī)理。高錳酸鉀與PRED的反應(yīng)過(guò)程符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,二級(jí)反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)為4.17 M-1s-1(pH=7.0±0.1,25℃)。隨著溫度的增加,反應(yīng)常數(shù)不斷增加;而溶液pH、NH4+、HCO3-以及腐殖酸濃度均對(duì)反應(yīng)影響較小。采用GC-MS和LC-TOF技術(shù)測(cè)定了高錳酸鉀去除PRED過(guò)程中的降解產(chǎn)物,推測(cè)了一種可能的降解途徑。
[Abstract]:With the rapid increase of drug use and the increasingly serious situation of drug abuse, drug residues in the environment have become a serious problem of environmental pollution. 5-fluorouraciline 5-fluorouraciline (5-FU) and cytarine cytarine Ara-C- (5-fluorouraciline 5-fluorouraciline 5-fluorouraciline) and cytarine cytarine Ara-C. Sulfathiazolein (STZ), prednisolone (prednisolone) and prednisolone (prednisolone) (a glucocorticoid drug). The degradation kinetics, influencing factors and degradation mechanism of potassium permanganate were studied. The removal effect and mechanism of potassium permanganate on 5-FU and Ara-C were studied. The total reaction order is 1.63 and the kinetic model is: -d. [5-FU] / dtzkapp. [5-FU] t0.77. [KMnO4] t 0.86.The reaction of potassium permanganate with Ara-C accords with the second-order kinetic model. Its second-order kinetic reaction constant is 1.17 M-1 路s-1pHN 4.0 鹵0.1 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1472469