本文關(guān)鍵詞：樂(lè)安河洪泛區(qū)土壤—蔬菜重金屬污染特征及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《南昌工程學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 土壤重金屬 蔬菜 樂(lè)安河 污染特征 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)

【摘要】：土壤環(huán)境是人類生存的重要基礎(chǔ),土壤安全對(duì)人類安全來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要。重金屬可以通過(guò)多種途徑進(jìn)入土壤,通過(guò)富集作用進(jìn)入蔬菜體內(nèi),造成蔬菜發(fā)育不良和減產(chǎn)同時(shí)人類食用受污染的蔬菜健康會(huì)受到嚴(yán)重威脅。本文選取受重金屬污染的樂(lè)安河洪泛區(qū)村落菜地土壤和蔬菜為研究對(duì)象,共選取了9個(gè)典型村莊的蔬菜地,采集土壤和蔬菜樣品,實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定6種重金屬(Cu、Cr、Zn、Pb、Cd、As)的總量和形態(tài),分析土壤重金屬總量和形態(tài)空間分布特征和蔬菜的富集能力、蔬菜的綜合污染指數(shù)。主要結(jié)論有:(1)研究區(qū)域村落菜地土壤中Cu、Cr、Zn、Pb、Cd、As總量的變化區(qū)間為30.59~2700.78mg/kg,60.12~350.24mg/kg,51.29~3600.19mg/kg,70.26~1400.22mg/kg,5.34~85.25mg/kg,3.21~261.21mg/kg,6種重金屬的含量均高于鄱陽(yáng)湖流域背景值,Cu、Zn、Pb總量的高值均出現(xiàn)在戴村,Cr總量高值出現(xiàn)在劉三村,Cd總量高值出現(xiàn)在中垴村,As總量高值出現(xiàn)在虎山灣。利用反距離權(quán)重插值法對(duì)研究區(qū)域內(nèi)重金屬總量的空間分布特征進(jìn)行直觀的表示,結(jié)果表明,不同重金屬在不同村落菜地分布差異性較大,污染程度也不同,從形態(tài)來(lái)說(shuō),不同重金屬的形態(tài)在菜地土壤中差異性較大,同一重金屬的不同形態(tài)的分布規(guī)律也不盡相同,表現(xiàn)出較大的差異性。(2)運(yùn)用單因子污染指數(shù)法、內(nèi)梅羅綜合指數(shù)法、地質(zhì)累積指數(shù)法、潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)法對(duì)研究區(qū)域內(nèi)村莊菜地土壤進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果表明,戴村Cu、Zn、Pb處于強(qiáng)污染狀態(tài),Cr、As、Cd處于中強(qiáng)污染狀態(tài),潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)法表明戴村的菜地土壤受到強(qiáng)污染,具有較大的生態(tài)危害性。m:口的菜地土壤用這四種評(píng)價(jià)方法得到的結(jié)果一致,表明該區(qū)域處于嚴(yán)重污染狀態(tài)。蘭坑村的菜地土壤Cu、Pb為中度污染,Cr、Cd、As為輕度污染狀態(tài);潛在生態(tài)指數(shù)法表明該區(qū)域處于較輕生態(tài)危害狀態(tài)。劉三村處于較低生態(tài)危害級(jí)別,生態(tài)威脅性較低。韓家村Cu、Pb、Zn為中度污染,As、Cd為輕度污染,潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法表明該村的的生態(tài)危害性較低。中垴村處于中等生態(tài)危害級(jí)別。劉家山、葉家村、虎山灣的污染程度為中等污染水平,從整體上看,研究區(qū)域污染較為嚴(yán)重,生態(tài)危害性較高。(3)對(duì)研究區(qū)域的蔬菜重金屬空間分布特征進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明,不同重金屬在不同蔬菜中的含量呈現(xiàn)出差異性,整體來(lái)看,Cu在整個(gè)研究區(qū)域的白菜中含量相對(duì)較高,蘿卜和大蒜的含量差異性不大,菠菜和辣椒的差異性性較小。Cr的含量在整個(gè)研究區(qū)域的含量相對(duì)較低,蘿卜和大蒜中Cr的相對(duì)于白菜、菠菜和辣椒的含量要高。Zn含量在不同村落的含量均較高,并且白菜、蘿卜、大蒜、菠菜的含量要比辣椒要高很多。Pb的含量要比Zn的含量要低,并且每種蔬菜中Pb的含量也不盡相同。Cd和As在整個(gè)研究區(qū)域的含量較低。(4)對(duì)白菜、蘿卜、大蒜、菠菜、辣椒這五種蔬菜對(duì)重金屬的富集能力研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Cu的富集能力最強(qiáng),每一種蔬菜對(duì)重金屬的富集能力也不相同。綜合污染指數(shù)表明白菜的綜合污染指數(shù)最高,表明白菜受污染最嚴(yán)重�？傮w上看五種蔬菜對(duì)重金屬都有一定的富集能力。
[Abstract]:Soil environment is the important foundation of human survival, the safety of the soil is essential to human safety. Heavy metals can enter the soil through a variety of ways, enter the body through the enrichment of vegetables, vegetable production and cause stunted growth and human consumption of contaminated vegetables and health will be a serious threat. The pollution of heavy metals in Le'an River floodplain village vegetable soil and vegetables as the research object, selects 9 typical villages of vegetables, soil and vegetable samples, determination of 6 heavy metals (Cu, Cr, the Zn, Pb, Cd, As) of the total amount and morphology, analysis of characteristics and enrichment ability of vegetable distribution and morphology of soil heavy metals, comprehensive the pollution index of vegetables. The main conclusions are: (1) the study area of village vegetable soil Cu, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, As of the total change interval is 30.59~2700.78mg/kg, 60.12~350.24mg/kg, 51.29~3600.19mg/k G, 70.26~1400.22mg/kg, 5.34~85.25mg/kg, 3.21~261.21mg/kg, 6 kinds of heavy metals in the Poyang Lake River Basin were higher than the background value, Cu, Zn, high value of total Pb were found in the Dai village, high total Cr value appeared in Liu San Cun, the total Cd high values appear in the NAO village, high total As value now. The use of tiger Bay inverse distance weighted interpolation method based on the total amount of heavy metals in the study area of the spatial distributions of visual representation, the results show that the different heavy metals in different villages of vegetable distribution, pollution degree are different from the form, different forms of heavy metals in vegetable soil differences, different forms of the same heavy metal distribution are not the same, showed great differences. (2) using the method of single factor pollution index, Nemero index, geoaccumulation index, the study area village dish method of potential ecological risk index Evaluation of soil, the results show that the Dai village of Cu, Zn, Pb in the strong pollution, Cr, As, Cd in the moderate pollution, potential ecological risk index method show that the Dai village vegetable soil by heavy pollution, with greater ecological harm.M: in vegetable soils obtained by these four kinds of evaluation methods the results show that, the area is seriously polluted. LAN Keng Village Vegetable Soil Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, moderate pollution, light pollution, As state; potential ecological index method shows that the area is lesser. The ecological risk of Liu in the low level ecological harm village, ecological threat is low. Han the village of Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cd, moderate pollution, light pollution, potential ecological risk index shows that the village ecological risk is low. In the NAO Cun is in the middle level ecological harm. Liu Jiashan, ye Jia Cun, Shan Bay pollution degree is moderate pollution level, from the whole The physical point of view, the study area is more serious pollution of ecological hazard is higher. (3) of the study area to analyze the spatial distribution of heavy metals in vegetables, the results show that the content of different heavy metals in different vegetables shows differences, overall, relatively high content of Cu in the study area in the domain of Chinese cabbage, little the difference of content of radish and garlic, pepper and content of spinach difference less.Cr content in the study area is relatively low, and garlic in Cr compared with turnip cabbage, spinach and pepper have higher content of.Zn contents in different villages were higher, and Chinese cabbage, radish, garlic, spinach content want to be lower than the Zn content than to many.Pb high content of pepper, and the content of each vegetable in Pb are not the same in.Cd and As content in the study area is low. (4) of Chinese cabbage, radish, spinach, garlic, pepper These five kinds of vegetables of accumulation ability of heavy metals found the enrichment ability of Cu is the strongest, the enrichment ability of every kind of heavy metals in vegetables is not the same. The comprehensive pollution index shows that the comprehensive pollution index of Chinese cabbage cabbage showed the highest, most polluted. The overall look of the five kinds of vegetables have some ability to accumulate heavy metals.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌工程學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X53

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本文編號(hào)：1416197