本文關(guān)鍵詞：有機酸的聚硅氧烷膜滲透萃取特性研究　出處：《陜西科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 有機酸 聚硅氧烷膜(PDMS、PVMS、PPMS) 滲透萃取 結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)

【摘要】：滲透萃取(Pertraction,PT)是固定膜界面萃取中比較前沿的一種技術(shù)。膜材料為具有選擇性的無孔致密膜,能夠應(yīng)用于水中有機物的萃取回收,同時可將有機物與無機離子有效分離,從而實現(xiàn)含鹽水的回用和有機廢水的生化處理。國內(nèi)外對于滲透萃取技術(shù)用于有機物處理的研究多涉及工藝條件及傳質(zhì)過程,而對于膜選擇性萃取有機物機理以及復(fù)合膜組件處理廢水的研究較少。滲透萃取膜對有機物的選擇透過性與有機物本身的性質(zhì)密切相關(guān),采用分子結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對有機物分子結(jié)構(gòu)進行定量描述,將抽象的物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)特性參數(shù)化,有利于解釋影響膜萃取有機物的本質(zhì)因素。本文以聚硅氧烷膜---聚二甲基硅氧烷膜(PDMS膜)、聚甲基乙烯基硅氧烷膜(PVMS膜)、聚甲基苯基硅氧烷膜(PPMS膜)為滲透萃取膜材料,選取有機廢水中常見的一類有機物---有機酸作為研究對象,結(jié)合目前廣泛應(yīng)用的10種有機物結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進行膜萃取特性研究,研究有機物結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與其在膜中萃取效果的關(guān)系,探討膜萃取的機理及主要影響因素。根據(jù)萃取實驗及透過實驗研究結(jié)果,選取一種膜材料來萃取單一組分有機酸廢水,同時組件復(fù)合膜組件處理混合有機酸廢水,研究外部運行條件對滲透萃取過程的影響;基于實際廢水處理進行電解-膜耦合工藝的摸索。主要結(jié)論如下:(1)通過三種膜對有機酸的滲透萃取研究發(fā)現(xiàn),PVMS膜和PPMS膜相較于PDMS膜對有機酸有較好的萃取效果。(2)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與膜萃取效果的關(guān)系研究中:辛醇-水分配系數(shù)和溶解度對三種膜萃取有機酸影響顯著。膜對有機酸的萃取率總體趨勢是隨著lgP的增大而逐漸增大的,隨著溶解度S的增大而下降的。有機物分子摩爾體積(Vm)、分子極化率(a)、解離常數(shù)(pKa)、最正電荷(q+)及最高軌道能量(EHOMO)對膜的萃取有一定的影響,但不是影響膜萃取的主要因素。(3)膜萃取高含鹽戊酸廢水,隨著戊酸質(zhì)量濃度的增大,其去除率先增加后降低,正戊酸質(zhì)量濃度為7%時去除率可以達到94%;正戊酸質(zhì)量濃度為2%時,膜對正戊酸的回收率可達到45.8%�；瘜W(xué)反應(yīng)力可以提高膜萃取效率。在料液循環(huán)流速為1~20mL/min變化時,隨循環(huán)流速的增大,正戊酸的去除率和回收率都相應(yīng)增加,實際工程中可通過適度地提高流速,增強有機物的分離效果。(4)復(fù)合膜組件處理模擬含鹽混酸廢水,當(dāng)料液有機物質(zhì)量濃度在100.5~2171.5mg/L的范圍時,其去除率在約380.5mg/L時達到最大值。當(dāng)進水流速在5~20mL/min范圍內(nèi)變化時,去除率在16mL/min時效果較好。萃取液pH值對有機酸的去除效果影響顯著,當(dāng)萃取液pH值由10.5變至13.5時,有機酸去除率提高了40%。鹽離子濃度對有機物的去除是有促進作用的,含鹽量由1%提高到20%時,去除率提高25%。在一定溫度范圍內(nèi),提高溫度會促進有機物的去除,實驗中系統(tǒng)運行溫度30℃時膜萃取效果最好,考慮到膜的壽命,在實際工程應(yīng)用中是可以考慮在室溫條件下運行的。(5)分別用三種膜萃取電解后的甲基橙廢水、直接深棕廢水、活性艷藍(lán)廢水,發(fā)現(xiàn)PVMS、PPMS膜對電解后成分不明的廢水有一定的處理效果,可以實現(xiàn)“膜+電解”技術(shù)的耦合。
[Abstract]:Pertraction (PT) is one of the most advanced technologies in the interface extraction of fixed film. Membrane material is a porous membrane without selectivity. It can be applied to the extraction and recovery of organic matters in water, and at the same time, it can effectively separate organic compounds from inorganic ions, so as to achieve the reuse of brine and biochemical treatment of organic wastewater. The study of osmotic extraction technology for organic matters involves the technology and mass transfer process at home and abroad. However, there is little research on the mechanism of membrane selective extraction of organic matter and the treatment of wastewater by composite membrane module. Osmotic extraction membrane is closely related to the selection and permeability of organic matter and the properties of organic matter. Molecular structure parameters are used to quantitatively describe the molecular structure of organic compounds. Parameterization of the abstract material structure characteristics will help explain the essential factors that affect the organic matter extraction of membrane. The polysiloxane film - two polydimethylsiloxane membrane (PDMS membrane), polymethylvinylsiloxane membrane (PVMS membrane), polymethylphenylsiloxane membrane (PPMS membrane) for pertraction membrane materials, selecting a kind of organic matter, organic acids common in organic wastewater as the research object, research combined with the characteristics of membrane extraction 10 kinds of organic structure parameters are widely used currently. Study on the relationship between the organic matter in the membrane structure parameters and its extraction effect factors, to explore the mechanism of membrane extraction and main effect. According to the experimental extraction and through experimental results, select a membrane material to extraction of single component organic acid wastewater, and the component processing component composite film of mixed organic acid wastewater, influence of operating conditions on the external penetration of the extraction process; and explore practical wastewater treatment for electrolytic membrane coupling technology based on. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the osmotic extraction of three kinds of membranes, it is found that the PVMS film and the PPMS film have a better extraction effect on the organic acids than the PDMS film. (2) the relationship between the structure parameters and the effect of membrane extraction: the influence of the octanol water distribution coefficient and solubility on the three kinds of membrane extraction of organic acids is significant. The overall tendency of the extraction rate of organic acids to the organic acid gradually increased with the increase of lgP, and decreased with the increase of solubility S. The molecular molar volume (Vm), the molecular polarizability (a), the dissociation constant (pKa), the most positive charge (q+) and the highest orbit energy (EHOMO) have some influence on the extraction of the membrane, but not the main factor affecting the membrane extraction. (3) membrane extraction of valerate wastewater with high salt content. With the increase of valerate mass concentration, the removal rate increased first and then decreased. When the concentration of valerate acid was 7%, the removal rate could reach 94%. When the mass concentration of valerate was 2%, the recovery rate of membrane to valerate was 45.8%. The chemical reaction force can improve the efficiency of membrane extraction. When the flow rate of the feed liquid is 1~20mL/min, the removal rate and recovery rate of valerate increase with the increase of circulating flow rate. In practice, the separation rate of organic matter can be enhanced by increasing flow rate moderately. (4) composite membrane module is used to treat the simulated salt containing mixed acid wastewater. When the mass concentration of organic matter in the feed liquid is within the range of 100.5~2171.5mg/L, the removal rate reaches the maximum when it is about 380.5mg/L. When the influent velocity varies in the range of 5~20mL/min, the removal rate is better when the flow rate is 16mL/min. The pH value of the extract has a significant effect on the removal of organic acids. When the pH value of the extraction is changed from 10.5 to 13.5, the removal rate of organic acids is increased by 40%. The concentration of salt ions can promote the removal of organic matter, and the removal rate increases by 25% when the content of salt is increased from 1% to 20%. In a certain temperature range, increasing the temperature will promote the removal of organic matter. In the experiment, the effect of membrane extraction is the best when the system runs at 30 degrees centigrade. Considering the life of membrane, it can be considered in the actual engineering application at room temperature. (5) three kinds of membranes were used to extract methyl orange wastewater, direct Brown wastewater and reactive brilliant blue wastewater after electrolysis. It was found that PVMS and PPMS films had certain effect on the wastewater with unknown composition after electrolysis, and the coupling of membrane and electrolysis could be achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 欒紹嶸;劉建云;阮勝利;張雅婷;周曉益;潘夢旭;;離子色譜法同時檢測工業(yè)廢水中的多種芳香酸[J];工業(yè)水處理;2017年01期

2 王錄;張良東;盧閃閃;;酸化蒸餾滴定法測定白酒工業(yè)廢水中揮發(fā)性脂肪酸[J];釀酒;2016年04期

3 王天培;馬宏瑞;花莉;王宇彤;;膜萃取技術(shù)回收濃縮廢水中的鄰甲苯胺[J];環(huán)境工程學(xué)報;2016年03期

4 高巖峰;王家福;梁曦東;閻志鵬;劉瑛巖;;交直流電暈對高溫硫化硅橡膠性能的影響[J];中國電機工程學(xué)報;2016年01期

5 周慧婷;杜春慧;吳春金;吳禮光;;集成膜工藝處理堿減量廢水及回用[J];科技導(dǎo)報;2015年14期

6 陳杰;趙雪輝;杜平;王玉萍;;高效液相色譜測定J酸及其在廢水處理過程中的中控分析[J];南京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(工程技術(shù)版);2015年01期

7 張琳;蔣楓;魏雅寧;崔磊;姚洪齊;徐晨;許偉剛;;納濾膜法處理阿斯巴甜高含鹽有機廢水試驗[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2015年S1期

8 張文斌;魏麗丹;劉美多;王雅珍;;煤吸附水中有機酸研究[J];長春工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2014年06期

9 張劍;羅進;宋金麗;鄭洪國;南毅;羅茜;李揚;;離子色譜/電導(dǎo)檢測泡菜廢水中8種有機酸[J];環(huán)境化學(xué);2014年12期

10 萬小崗;趙顏紅;王東文;潘社奇;;含甲酸廢水高鐵酸鹽氧化處理技術(shù)研究[J];環(huán)境工程;2014年S1期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 高成云;滲透蒸發(fā)膜親水改性與水傳遞過程強化研究[D];天津大學(xué);2015年

2 裴淵超;離子液體的萃取分離性能及與溶質(zhì)的相互作用研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2008年

3 賈青竹;苯甲酸類化合物的溶解度及辛醇/水分配系數(shù)研究[D];天津大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 李道玉;SiO_2/PDMS/PVDF復(fù)合膜滲透蒸發(fā)回收煤化工廢水中酚[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 侯丹丹;金屬—有機骨架材料吸附分離水中有機物分子的實驗研究[D];北京化工大學(xué);2016年

3 王宇彤;有機物結(jié)構(gòu)特性與其在甲基硅橡膠膜中滲透萃取效果關(guān)系研究[D];陜西科技大學(xué);2016年

4 李萌;含氯鹽廢水中染料電化學(xué)氧化降解歷程研究[D];陜西科技大學(xué);2016年

5 陳葉;丙烯酸丁酯廢水濁度去除組合工藝研究[D];河北工程大學(xué);2014年

6 楊憲雪;PVTES滲透汽化優(yōu)先透醇膜共聚改性的研究[D];北京化工大學(xué);2013年

7 楊麗娟;電化學(xué)氧化處理高鹽活性染料廢水研究[D];北京化工大學(xué);2013年

8 張衛(wèi)利;硅橡膠膜滲透萃取芳香酸水溶液傳質(zhì)特性研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2013年

9 葉麗莉;EDI用于處理含有機酸廢水的研究[D];河北工業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

10 王雪清;樹脂吸附—生物再生法處理高鹽水楊酸廢水研究[D];大連理工大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號：1344402