德爾圖良信仰主義神學認識論研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-06 00:59
【摘要】：德爾圖良是早期基督教著名思想家、拉丁教父的主要代表人物,其對三位一體與耶穌神人二性教義的闡釋為后來東西方兩個教會的正統(tǒng)教義奠定了基礎(chǔ)。在其神學思想體系中放棄了希臘哲學傳統(tǒng)的理性主義真理認識論,而在譴責異端使用哲學概念表述基督教真理的同時,他也認為絕對真理只有在超越有限性的啟示中才能被人認識,而信仰正是人對自身有限理性的超越。為了不陷入理性思辨的哲學紛爭,德爾圖良將《圣經(jīng)》看做是上帝在人類歷史中展開救贖的畫卷,上帝既是神圣救贖歷史的主角,也是人類歷史進程的最終決定者。德爾圖良提出了明晰的關(guān)于三位一體的論述,即父、子、靈都屬于一個本質(zhì),在歷史中顯示出三個不同地位,也就是傳統(tǒng)的拉丁教派“經(jīng)世三一”論�！敖�(jīng)世三一”論起源于上帝對猶太人的啟示,歷經(jīng)福音書階段耶穌基督的教誨,最終由來自于父和子的靈引導信徒們繼續(xù)在主的道路上沐浴真理。其信仰主義認識論也由此出發(fā),他認為只有在相信和依靠的基礎(chǔ)上接受神和真理的啟示才是可行的認知路線,這條認知路線既是真理之路也是基督徒的信仰之路。作為德爾圖良信仰主義神學中的一個重要內(nèi)容,信仰主義認識論有特定的認識對象和獨特的認識方式。以對基督的信靠為基礎(chǔ),信徒們接受來自上帝的啟示并活在真理之中,這種認識方式以排斥理性的哲學思考和認知為前提。綜上所述,德爾圖良信仰主義神學認識論是對晚期希臘哲學在關(guān)于真理的認知困境上的一種應對,同時也是對基督教原教旨的解讀和維護。盡管德爾圖良為維護信仰而排斥理性,但是他的信仰主義認識論中也滲透了很多希臘哲學理性要素,其三一論的框架深受斯多葛學派的影響,神人二性說中可以隱約瞥見柏拉圖的影子,所以德爾圖良并非一位盲目反對理性的人。因為他相信有些事情本是太過于奇妙,以至于超越了理性認知的界限,例如十字架與浸禮的能力。但是,信仰必須以理性上之不可能為基礎(chǔ),德爾圖良堅信不受限制的思辨在絕對真理的問題上會錯得很離譜,而對于基督徒真正重要的是神的啟示。所以,在一定范圍內(nèi)德爾圖良自己也使用希臘哲學的概念和語詞構(gòu)建基督教神學體系,但是他嚴格劃分了理性與信仰的界限并將信仰作為維護對象和最終目的。德爾圖良為維護信仰而系統(tǒng)化信仰主義神學認識論對于后來的基督教教義發(fā)展和后世神學家都產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。
[Abstract]:Tertullian was a famous early Christian thinker and the main representative of the Latin father. His interpretation of the trinity and the doctrine of Jesus God and man laid the foundation for the orthodoxy of the two churches in the East and the West. In his theological system, he abandoned the rationalistic truth epistemology of Greek philosophy and condemned heresy for using philosophical concepts to express Christian truth. He also believes that absolute truth can only be recognized in the enlightenment of surpassing finiteness, and belief is the transcendence of man's limited rationality. In order not to fall into the philosophical dispute of rational speculation, Tertullian regards the Bible as the picture of God's redemption in human history. God is not only the protagonist of the history of sacred redemption, but also the final decider of the process of human history. Tertullian put forward a clear exposition of the trinity, that is, the father, son and spirit all belong to one essence, showing three different positions in history, that is, the traditional Latin sect "Trinity" theory. The theory of "Trinity" originated from God's enlightenment to Jews. Through the teaching of Jesus Christ in the Gospels stage, the spirit from the Father and the son finally led the followers to continue to bathe the truth on the way of the Lord. From this, he believes that only by accepting the enlightenment of God and truth on the basis of belief and dependence is a feasible cognitive route, which is both the road of truth and the way of Christian belief. As an important part of Tertullian's belief theology, belief epistemology has a specific cognitive object and a unique way of understanding. Based on faith in Christ, followers accept revelations from God and live in truth. this way of understanding is premised on the exclusion of rational philosophical thinking and cognition. To sum up, Tertullian's belief theological epistemology is a response to the cognitive dilemma of late Greek philosophy on the truth, and it is also the interpretation and maintenance of Christian tenets. Although Tertullian rejected reason in order to safeguard his belief, many rational elements of Greek philosophy were infiltrated into his belief epistemology, and the framework of his trinity was deeply influenced by the stoic school. The shadow of Plato can be glimpsed in the theory of divinity and man, so Tertullian is not a blind opposition to reason. Because he believed that some things were so wonderful that they went beyond the boundaries of rational cognition, such as the ability of the cross and baptism. But faith must be based on rational impossibility. Tertullian firmly believes that unrestricted speculation can be outrageous on the issue of absolute truth, and that what is really important to Christians is God's enlightenment. Therefore, to a certain extent, Tertullian himself uses the concept and words of Greek philosophy to construct the Christian theological system, but he strictly divides the boundary between reason and belief and regards belief as the object and ultimate goal of preservation. Tertullian's systematic belief theological epistemology in order to maintain belief had a profound influence on the later development of Christian doctrine and later theologians.
【學位授予單位】：吉首大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B978
本文編號：2493948
[Abstract]:Tertullian was a famous early Christian thinker and the main representative of the Latin father. His interpretation of the trinity and the doctrine of Jesus God and man laid the foundation for the orthodoxy of the two churches in the East and the West. In his theological system, he abandoned the rationalistic truth epistemology of Greek philosophy and condemned heresy for using philosophical concepts to express Christian truth. He also believes that absolute truth can only be recognized in the enlightenment of surpassing finiteness, and belief is the transcendence of man's limited rationality. In order not to fall into the philosophical dispute of rational speculation, Tertullian regards the Bible as the picture of God's redemption in human history. God is not only the protagonist of the history of sacred redemption, but also the final decider of the process of human history. Tertullian put forward a clear exposition of the trinity, that is, the father, son and spirit all belong to one essence, showing three different positions in history, that is, the traditional Latin sect "Trinity" theory. The theory of "Trinity" originated from God's enlightenment to Jews. Through the teaching of Jesus Christ in the Gospels stage, the spirit from the Father and the son finally led the followers to continue to bathe the truth on the way of the Lord. From this, he believes that only by accepting the enlightenment of God and truth on the basis of belief and dependence is a feasible cognitive route, which is both the road of truth and the way of Christian belief. As an important part of Tertullian's belief theology, belief epistemology has a specific cognitive object and a unique way of understanding. Based on faith in Christ, followers accept revelations from God and live in truth. this way of understanding is premised on the exclusion of rational philosophical thinking and cognition. To sum up, Tertullian's belief theological epistemology is a response to the cognitive dilemma of late Greek philosophy on the truth, and it is also the interpretation and maintenance of Christian tenets. Although Tertullian rejected reason in order to safeguard his belief, many rational elements of Greek philosophy were infiltrated into his belief epistemology, and the framework of his trinity was deeply influenced by the stoic school. The shadow of Plato can be glimpsed in the theory of divinity and man, so Tertullian is not a blind opposition to reason. Because he believed that some things were so wonderful that they went beyond the boundaries of rational cognition, such as the ability of the cross and baptism. But faith must be based on rational impossibility. Tertullian firmly believes that unrestricted speculation can be outrageous on the issue of absolute truth, and that what is really important to Christians is God's enlightenment. Therefore, to a certain extent, Tertullian himself uses the concept and words of Greek philosophy to construct the Christian theological system, but he strictly divides the boundary between reason and belief and regards belief as the object and ultimate goal of preservation. Tertullian's systematic belief theological epistemology in order to maintain belief had a profound influence on the later development of Christian doctrine and later theologians.
【學位授予單位】：吉首大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B978
【相似文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
1 徐鳳林;論德爾圖良的信仰主義[J];浙江學刊;2003年02期
2 林中澤;陳賢哲;;早期拉丁教父的死亡觀評析——以德爾圖良、安布羅斯和奧古斯丁為例[J];暨南學報(哲學社會科學版);2011年02期
3 張曉衛(wèi);;早期基督徒與素食[J];宗教學研究;2005年04期
4 ;[J];;年期
相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前1條
1 王珍;哥白尼：科學發(fā)達和人類進步，，才是更重要的問題[N];中國民族報;2013年
相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條
1 聶晶晶;德爾圖良信仰主義神學認識論研究[D];吉首大學;2016年
本文編號：2493948
本文鏈接：http://www.sikaile.net/shekelunwen/zjlw/2493948.html
