【摘要】：基于對代表制和民主關(guān)系的最新理解,我們有必要進一步挖掘兩者之間的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)。通過考察代表制的起源問題,并明確界定代表制、代議制政府和民主等幾個易混淆的概念,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在代議制民主過程中,"民主"不應(yīng)當放在優(yōu)先的位置,因為民主是否能夠充分發(fā)展往往要受到代表制的局限;相反,"代表制"應(yīng)當優(yōu)先于"民主"——這不僅僅是因為代表制左右了民主發(fā)展的進程,還因為從內(nèi)在邏輯上說代表制可能是包含了民主這個特殊矛盾的普遍性矛盾。基于此,我們進一步考察民主和代表制在我國的實踐形式。民主在我國的實踐體現(xiàn)為組織方式上的民主集中制,和實現(xiàn)形式上的基層民主、協(xié)商民主和黨內(nèi)民主。代表制在我國的實踐體現(xiàn)為人民代表大會制度和黨代表大會制度。通過梳理各自脈絡(luò)我們發(fā)現(xiàn),中國特色社會主義民主與中國特色代表制之間,各有邏輯線索,并且實踐表明,中國特色社會主義民主不太能對中國特色代表制產(chǎn)生影響;相反,中國特色代表制卻能影響、規(guī)約甚至某種程度上替代中國特色社會主義民主。這種邏輯關(guān)系,與西方代表制和民主之間的邏輯關(guān)系的相似之處,對于如何通過排列代表制和民主的改革順序,以推動我國的政治體制改革,提供了有益啟示。
[Abstract]:Based on the latest understanding of the relationship between representation and democracy, it is necessary to further explore the logical relationship between the two. By examining the origin of representative system and clearly defining several confusing concepts, such as representative system, representative government and democracy, we find that "democracy" should not be given priority in the process of representative democracy. Because the full development of democracy is often limited by the system of representation; On the contrary, "representative system" should take precedence over "democracy" not only because it controls the process of democratic development, but also because it may be the universal contradiction that contains the special contradiction of democracy. Based on this, we further investigate the practice of democracy and representative system in China. The practice of democracy in our country is embodied in democratic centralism in organization mode, and the realization of grass-roots democracy, consultative democracy and inner-party democracy. The practice of representative system in our country is embodied in the system of people's Congress and Party Congress. We find that there are logical clues between socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics and representative system with Chinese characteristics, and the practice shows that socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics can not influence the representative system with Chinese characteristics. On the contrary, representative system with Chinese characteristics can influence, even replace socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics to some extent. The similarity between this kind of logic relation and the logical relation between western representative system and democracy provides beneficial enlightenment for how to arrange the reform sequence of representative system and democracy in order to promote the political system reform of our country.
【作者單位】： 中共中央黨�？粕绮�;
【基金】：國家社科基金青年項目“西方資本主義國家福利危機與民主調(diào)適機制研究”(編號:17CZZ004)
【分類號】：D082

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