建構(gòu)主義的理論融合及其批判
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-01 17:01
【摘要】：建構(gòu)主義的發(fā)展令亞歷山大.溫特認識到建構(gòu)主義仍然存在的一些學理空間和發(fā)展趨向問題。其中有兩個方面值得注意：一是理論層次的拓展延伸，二是理論內(nèi)涵的深化。建構(gòu)主義與國際政治兩大主流理論融合并試圖建立新的理論，這無疑是一個大膽的設(shè)想，因此也引起了學界的高度關(guān)注。 根據(jù)溫特和巴爾金的邏輯分別對建構(gòu)主義的理論融合進行探討。前者認為建構(gòu)主義由于采用結(jié)構(gòu)主義、國家中心主義，因而含有現(xiàn)實主義成分；同時他又對國際社會的演進持有樂觀精神，這使建構(gòu)主義又有自由主義的一面。后者主要批判溫特理論本質(zhì)上是自由主義。鑒于此，要討論建構(gòu)主義的融合問題，應當首先對建構(gòu)主義的理論背景進行介紹。建構(gòu)主義源自社會學的批判理論，在發(fā)展過程中主要通過批判新現(xiàn)實主義進行理論闡述，被稱為建構(gòu)主義的國際政治理論。 其次，探討建構(gòu)主義與現(xiàn)實主義以及和自由主義的關(guān)系。一方面，建構(gòu)主義與現(xiàn)實主義有著科學實在論的理論基礎(chǔ)，相似的結(jié)構(gòu)主義理論框架，高度的國家中心主義，但本體論的差別決定二者很難融合；另一方面，建構(gòu)主義與自由主義有著極高的相似度。一是認識論相同，二是強調(diào)社會的進步，三是“觀念無處不在”是理論的核心內(nèi)容。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，建構(gòu)主義較自由主義國際理論表現(xiàn)出更強的理想主義色彩。 建構(gòu)主義自由主義傾向問題的關(guān)鍵在于，溫特的理論不僅是社會理論，更應是國際政治理論。建構(gòu)主義在解釋無政府主義時，康德主義一直飽受爭議，同為社會理論的英國學派卻認為康德主義價值中立。二者的不同之處源于英國學派深受格勞修斯主義影響，，從戰(zhàn)爭理論中吸取經(jīng)驗，貼近國際政治現(xiàn)實。英國學派以歷史和社會眼光洞察世界，將國際社會和世界社會稱為成熟的無政府主義。 最后，在進行理論融合的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)建構(gòu)主義自身存在的兩個問題：一是從未系統(tǒng)闡述自身理論；二是實踐過程中缺少可操作性。針對存在的問題，一方面，根據(jù)索緒爾結(jié)構(gòu)語言學理論重新修訂建構(gòu)主義的結(jié)構(gòu)觀；另一方面，充分考慮民族主義、主權(quán)問題、國內(nèi)政治等因素對于國家互動的影響。此外，將博弈論引入建構(gòu)主義將使建構(gòu)主義煥發(fā)出更強的“生命力”。
[Abstract]:The development of constructivism made Alexander. Winter recognized that constructivism still has some theoretical space and developmental trends. There are two aspects that deserve attention: the extension of theoretical level and the deepening of theoretical connotation. The combination of constructivism and international politics and attempts to establish new theories is undoubtedly a bold idea, which has aroused great concern in academic circles. According to the logic of Winter and Balkin, this paper discusses the theory fusion of constructivism. The former holds that constructivism contains realism because of its structuralism and state-centrism, and at the same time he holds the optimistic spirit for the evolution of international society, which makes constructivism have a liberal side. The latter mainly criticizes that Winter's theory is essentially liberalism. In view of this, to discuss the integration of constructivism, we should first introduce the theoretical background of constructivism. Constructivism originates from the critical theory of sociology. In the process of development, constructivism is described mainly by criticizing neo-realism, which is called the international political theory of constructivism. Secondly, it discusses the relationship between constructivism and realism and liberalism. On the one hand, constructivism and realism have the theoretical foundation of scientific realism, similar structuralism theory frame, high state centralism, but the difference of ontology makes it difficult to merge them. On the other hand, constructivism and liberalism have very high similarity. One is that epistemology is the same, the other is the emphasis on social progress, and the third is that "concept everywhere" is the core of the theory. It is found that constructivism is more idealistic than liberal international theory. The key to the problem of constructivist liberalism is that Winter's theory is not only social theory, but also international political theory. Constructivism has been controversial in explaining anarchism, but the English school, which is also a social theory, considers Kant's value neutral. The difference between the two is that the English school was deeply influenced by Grothesianism and drew experience from the theory of war and drew close to the international political reality. The British school has a historical and social insight into the world and calls the international community and the world community a mature anarchism. Finally, in the process of theoretical integration, we find two problems of constructivism itself: one is never systematically expounding its own theory, the other is the lack of maneuverability in the process of practice. In view of the existing problems, on the one hand, according to Saussure's structural linguistics theory, the constructivist structural view is revised; on the other hand, the influence of nationalism, sovereignty, domestic politics and other factors on the interaction of the state is fully considered. In addition, the introduction of game theory into constructivism will give constructivism a stronger vitality.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D0
本文編號：2304539
[Abstract]:The development of constructivism made Alexander. Winter recognized that constructivism still has some theoretical space and developmental trends. There are two aspects that deserve attention: the extension of theoretical level and the deepening of theoretical connotation. The combination of constructivism and international politics and attempts to establish new theories is undoubtedly a bold idea, which has aroused great concern in academic circles. According to the logic of Winter and Balkin, this paper discusses the theory fusion of constructivism. The former holds that constructivism contains realism because of its structuralism and state-centrism, and at the same time he holds the optimistic spirit for the evolution of international society, which makes constructivism have a liberal side. The latter mainly criticizes that Winter's theory is essentially liberalism. In view of this, to discuss the integration of constructivism, we should first introduce the theoretical background of constructivism. Constructivism originates from the critical theory of sociology. In the process of development, constructivism is described mainly by criticizing neo-realism, which is called the international political theory of constructivism. Secondly, it discusses the relationship between constructivism and realism and liberalism. On the one hand, constructivism and realism have the theoretical foundation of scientific realism, similar structuralism theory frame, high state centralism, but the difference of ontology makes it difficult to merge them. On the other hand, constructivism and liberalism have very high similarity. One is that epistemology is the same, the other is the emphasis on social progress, and the third is that "concept everywhere" is the core of the theory. It is found that constructivism is more idealistic than liberal international theory. The key to the problem of constructivist liberalism is that Winter's theory is not only social theory, but also international political theory. Constructivism has been controversial in explaining anarchism, but the English school, which is also a social theory, considers Kant's value neutral. The difference between the two is that the English school was deeply influenced by Grothesianism and drew experience from the theory of war and drew close to the international political reality. The British school has a historical and social insight into the world and calls the international community and the world community a mature anarchism. Finally, in the process of theoretical integration, we find two problems of constructivism itself: one is never systematically expounding its own theory, the other is the lack of maneuverability in the process of practice. In view of the existing problems, on the one hand, according to Saussure's structural linguistics theory, the constructivist structural view is revised; on the other hand, the influence of nationalism, sovereignty, domestic politics and other factors on the interaction of the state is fully considered. In addition, the introduction of game theory into constructivism will give constructivism a stronger vitality.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D0
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 解玉喜;;實證主義與建構(gòu)主義之爭的虛假性[J];北京大學研究生學志;2007年02期
2 汪堂家;;對“進步”概念的哲學重審——兼評建構(gòu)主義的“進步”觀念[J];復旦學報(社會科學版);2010年01期
3 吳征宇;“結(jié)構(gòu)理論”的結(jié)構(gòu)——肯尼思·華爾茲“結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)實主義理論”解析[J];國際論壇;2003年02期
4 李穎;西方建構(gòu)主義國際關(guān)系理論評介[J];國際政治研究;2001年04期
5 董濱宇;;略論羅爾斯康德式建構(gòu)主義之失[J];福建論壇(人文社會科學版);2010年05期
6 唐小松;黃忠;;英國學派的國際社會觀及其對歐洲一體化的解讀[J];教學與研究;2006年03期
7 朱瀛泉;西方國際關(guān)系理論:一種學科史視角的鳥瞰(下)[J];歷史教學問題;2004年03期
8 石斌;“英國學派”國際關(guān)系理論概觀[J];歷史教學問題;2005年02期
9 何曜,任曉;均勢理論反思——兼論國際政治研究方法論[J];美國研究;1997年03期
10 張小明;約瑟夫·奈的“軟權(quán)力”思想分析[J];美國研究;2005年01期
本文編號：2304539
本文鏈接：http://www.sikaile.net/shekelunwen/zhengzx/2304539.html
教材專著
